UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 0-14384

BancFirst Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)


Oklahoma		73-1221379
(State or other Jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)


100 N. Broadway Ave., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma		73102-8405
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(405) 270-1086

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading
Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value Per Share

BANF

NASDAQ Global Select Market System

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (sec. 232-405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 30, 2025, there were 33,242,814 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

BancFirst Corporation

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

March 31, 2025

Table of Contents


Item	PART I – Financial Information	Page
1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	3
	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow	5

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	6
2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	29
3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk	38
4.	Controls and Procedures	38

	PART II – Other Information
1.	Legal Proceedings	39
1A.	Risk Factors	39
2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities	39
3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39
4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	39
5.	Other Information	39
6.	Exhibits	40
Signatures		41

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Dollars in thousands)


	March 31,			December 31,
	2025			2024
	(unaudited)			(see Note 1)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	$	267,844		$	237,840
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		3,706,328			3,315,932
Federal funds sold		520			715
Debt securities held for investment (fair value: $777 and $837, respectively)		777			837
Debt securities available for sale at fair value		1,166,664			1,210,917
Loans held for sale		8,283			8,073
Loans held for investment (net of unearned interest)		8,094,527			8,025,110
Allowance for credit losses		(100,455	)		(99,497	)
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses		7,994,072			7,925,613
Premises and equipment, net		303,278			295,943
Other real estate owned		34,727			33,051
Intangible assets, net		12,272			13,158
Goodwill		182,263			182,263
Accrued interest receivable and other assets		361,027			329,972
Total assets	$	14,038,055		$	13,554,314

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	4,027,797		$	3,907,060
Interest-bearing		8,098,953			7,811,486
Total deposits		12,126,750			11,718,546
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities		152,307			128,424
Subordinated debt		86,171			86,157
Total liabilities		12,365,228			11,933,127

Stockholders' equity:
Senior preferred stock, $1.00 par; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued		—			—
Cumulative preferred stock, $5.00 par; 900,000 shares authorized; none issued		—			—
Common stock, $1.00 par, 40,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 33,241,564 and 33,216,519, respectively		33,242			33,217
Capital surplus		188,718			187,062
Retained earnings		1,474,589			1,433,768
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax benefit of $7,353 and $10,191, respectively		(23,722	)		(32,860	)
Total stockholders' equity		1,672,827			1,621,187
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	14,038,055		$	13,554,314

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025			2024
INTEREST INCOME
Loans, including fees	$	136,984		$	132,126
Securities:
Taxable		7,006			9,181
Tax-exempt		18			20
Federal funds sold		1			19
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		38,467			30,297
Total interest income		182,476			171,643
INTEREST EXPENSE
Deposits		65,490			64,413
Short-term borrowings		7			96
Subordinated debt		1,030			1,030
Total interest expense		66,527			65,539
Net interest income		115,949			106,104
Provision for credit losses on loans		1,461			4,015
Provision for off-balance sheet credit exposures		125			—
Total provision for credit losses		1,586			4,015
Net interest income after provision for credit losses		114,363			102,089
NONINTEREST INCOME
Trust revenue		5,539			5,088
Service charges on deposits		16,804			16,428
Securities transactions		(333	)		(267	)
Sales of loans		636			491
Insurance commissions		10,410			9,455
Cash management		10,051			8,651
Gain/(loss) on sale of other assets		158			(59	)
Other		5,629			5,113
Total noninterest income		48,894			44,900
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Salaries and employee benefits		54,593			51,528
Occupancy, net		5,753			5,206
Depreciation		4,808			4,556
Amortization of intangible assets		886			886
Data processing services		2,892			2,616
Net expense from other real estate owned		2,658			2,202
Marketing and business promotion		2,461			2,256
Deposit insurance		1,725			1,438
Other		16,403			12,091
Total noninterest expense		92,179			82,779
Income before taxes		71,078			64,210
Income tax expense		14,966			13,876
Net income	$	56,112		$	50,334
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	1.69		$	1.53
Diluted	$	1.66		$	1.50
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE GAIN/(LOSS)
Unrealized gains/(losses) on debt securities, net of (expense)/tax benefit of $(2,838) and $728, respectively		9,138			(2,304	)
Other comprehensive gain/(loss), net of tax (expense)/benefit of $(2,838) and $728, respectively		9,138			(2,304	)
Comprehensive income	$	65,250		$	48,030

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025			2024
COMMON STOCK
Issued at beginning of period	$	33,217		$	32,933
Shares issued for stock options		25			34
Issued at end of period	$	33,242		$	32,967
CAPITAL SURPLUS
Balance at beginning of period	$	187,062		$	174,695
Common stock issued for stock options		866			817
Stock-based compensation arrangements		790			715
Balance at end of period	$	188,718		$	176,227
RETAINED EARNINGS
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,433,768		$	1,276,305
Net income		56,112			50,334
Dividends on common stock ($0.46 and $0.43 per share, respectively)		(15,291	)		(14,175	)
Balance at end of period	$	1,474,589		$	1,312,464
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Unrealized (losses)/gains on securities:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(32,860	)	$	(50,042	)
Net change		9,138			(2,304	)
Balance at end of period	$	(23,722	)	$	(52,346	)
Total stockholders’ equity	$	1,672,827		$	1,469,312

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025			2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	56,112		$	50,334
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses		1,586			4,015
Depreciation and amortization		5,694			5,442
Net amortization of securities premiums and discounts		(55	)		(306	)
Realized securities losses		333			267
Gain on sales of loans		(636	)		(491	)
Cash receipts from the sale of loans originated for sale		37,201			28,773
Cash disbursements for loans originated for sale		(36,775	)		(30,789	)
Deferred income tax benefit		(1,256	)		(822	)
Gain on sale of other assets		(183	)		(122	)
Increase in interest receivable		(729	)		(2,517	)
(Decrease)/increase in interest payable		(322	)		3,374
Amortization of stock-based compensation arrangements		790			715
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation arrangements		(456	)		(470	)
Other, net		15,647			8,921
Net cash provided by operating activities		76,951			66,324
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net decrease in federal funds sold		195			107
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of held for investment debt securities		60			61
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns of available for sale debt securities		56,284			17,657
Purchase of equity securities		(256	)		(366	)
Proceeds from paydowns and sales of equity securities		52			42
Net change in loans		(71,778	)		(130,801	)
Net (payments)/receipts on derivative asset contracts		(12,284	)		(19,595	)
Purchases of premises, equipment and computer software		(11,310	)		(10,251	)
Purchase of tax credits		(12,946	)		(429	)
Other, net		1,616			2,346
Net cash used in investing activities		(50,367	)		(141,229	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net change in deposits		408,204			209,499
Net change in short-term borrowings		—			6,348
Issuance of common stock in connection with stock options, net		891			851
Cash dividends paid		(15,279	)		(14,161	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		393,816			202,537
Net increase in cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits		420,400			127,632
Cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits at the beginning of the period		3,553,772			2,397,463
Cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits at the end of the period	$	3,974,172		$	2,525,095
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	66,849		$	62,164
Cash paid during the period for income taxes	$	1,981		$	249
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Unpaid common stock dividends declared	$	15,291		$	14,175

The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(1) DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accounting and reporting policies of BancFirst Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and general practice within the banking industry. A summary of significant accounting policies can be found in Note (1) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of BancFirst Corporation, Council Oak Partners, LLC, BFC-PNC LLC, BancFirst Insurance Services, Inc., Pegasus Bank ("Pegasus"), Worthington Bank ("Worthington") and BancFirst and its subsidiaries ("BancFirst"). The principal operating subsidiaries of BancFirst are BFTower, LLC and BancFirst Agency, Inc. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Assets held in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not assets of the Company and, accordingly, are not included in the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and notes are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and the instructions for Form 10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The information contained in the consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in BancFirst Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, should be referred to in connection with these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. Operating results for the interim periods disclosed herein are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year or any future period.

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements contained herein reflect all adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to provide a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations of the Company for the interim periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States inherently involves the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the related disclosures. These estimates relate principally to the determination of the allowance for credit losses, income taxes, the fair value of financial instruments and the valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination, including identifiable intangible assets. Such estimates and assumptions may change over time and actual amounts realized may differ from those reported.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Standards Not Yet Adopted:

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB“) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures” requiring disclosure of certain costs and expenses in the notes to financial statements. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The amendments may be applied prospectively or retrospectively to all periods presented. The Company does not expect adoption of the standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” requiring enhancements and further transparency to certain income tax disclosures, most notably the tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis and retrospective application is permitted. The Company does not expect adoption of the standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

(2) SECURITIES

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and estimated fair values of debt securities held for investment:



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
March 31, 2025	(Dollars in thousands)
Mortgage backed securities (1)	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	2
States and political subdivisions		275		—		—		275
Other securities		500		—		—		500
Total	$	777	$	—	$	—	$	777
December 31, 2024
Mortgage backed securities (1)	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	2
States and political subdivisions		335		—		—		335
Other securities		500		—		—		500
Total	$	837	$	—	$	—	$	837

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and estimated fair values of debt securities available for sale:



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
March 31, 2025	(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. treasuries	$	1,161,345	$	41	$	(28,550	)	$	1,132,836
U.S. federal agencies		7,674		61		(7	)		7,728
Mortgage backed securities (1)		14,494		9		(1,539	)		12,964
States and political subdivisions		6,063		5		(128	)		5,940
Other securities		8,163		—		(967	)		7,196
Total	$	1,197,739	$	116	$	(31,191	)	$	1,166,664
December 31, 2024
U.S. treasuries	$	1,216,258	$	—	$	(40,249	)	$	1,176,009
U.S. federal agencies		8,170		68		(6	)		8,232
Mortgage backed securities (1)		14,807		9		(1,772	)		13,044
States and political subdivisions		6,570		6		(140	)		6,436
Other securities		8,163		—		(967	)		7,196
Total	$	1,253,968	$	83	$	(43,134	)	$	1,210,917

(1) Primarily consists of FHLMC, FNMA, GNMA and mortgage backed securities through U.S. agencies.

The maturities of debt securities held for investment and available for sale are summarized in the following table using contractual maturities. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to obligations that are called or prepaid. For purposes of the maturity table, mortgage-backed securities, which are not due at a single maturity date, have been presented at their contractual maturity.


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
Held for Investment
Contractual maturity of debt securities:
Within one year	$	776	$	776	$	776	$	776
After one year but within five years		1		1		61		61
After five years but within ten years		—		—		—		—
After ten years		—		—		—		—
Total	$	777	$	777	$	837	$	837
Available for Sale
Contractual maturity of debt securities:
Within one year	$	339,766	$	335,452	$	335,108	$	330,076
After one year but within five years		828,383		804,188		888,721		853,508
After five years but within ten years		13,579		12,570		13,369		12,354
After ten years		16,011		14,454		16,770		14,979
Total debt securities	$	1,197,739	$	1,166,664	$	1,253,968	$	1,210,917

The following table is a summary of the Company’s book value of securities that were pledged as collateral for public funds on deposit, repurchase agreements and for other purposes as required or permitted by law:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Book value of pledged securities	$	862,425	$	918,523

There were no sales of debt securities and therefore no proceeds from sales or realized securities gains or losses on available for sale debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 or March 31, 2024.

Realized gains or losses on debt and equity securities are reported as securities transactions within the noninterest income section of the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

The following table summarizes debt securities with unrealized losses, segregated by the duration of the unrealized loss, at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively:


			Less than 12 Months				More than 12 Months				Total
	Number of investments		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
			(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2025
Available for Sale
U.S. treasuries		47	$	—	$	—	$	1,041,956	$	28,550	$	1,041,956	$	28,550
U.S. federal agencies		5		660		5		470		2		1,130		7
Mortgage backed securities		58		1,194		3		11,437		1,536		12,631		1,539
States and political subdivisions		4		802		2		761		126		1,563		128
Other securities		3		—		—		7,196		967		7,196		967
Total		117	$	2,656	$	10	$	1,061,820	$	31,181	$	1,064,476	$	31,191
December 31, 2024
Available for Sale
U.S. treasuries		51	$	89,867	$	1,030	$	1,086,142	$	39,219	$	1,176,009	$	40,249
U.S. federal agencies		5		681		4		500		2		1,181		6
Mortgage backed securities		63		1,214		15		11,498		1,757		12,712		1,772
States and political subdivisions		4		802		2		752		138		1,554		140
Other securities		3		—		—		7,196		967		7,196		967
Total		126	$	92,564	$	1,051	$	1,106,088	$	42,083	$	1,198,652	$	43,134

The Company has the ability and intent to hold the debt securities classified as held for investment until they mature, at which time the Company will receive full value for the debt securities. Furthermore, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company also had the ability and intent to hold the debt securities classified as available for sale for a period of time sufficient for a recovery of cost. The unrealized losses are due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying debt securities were purchased. The fair value of those debt securities having unrealized losses is expected to recover as the securities approach their maturity date or repricing date or if market yields for such investments decline. The Company has no intent or requirement to sell before the recovery of the unrealized loss; therefore, no impairment loss was realized in the Company’s consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

(3) LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS

Loans held for investment are summarized by portfolio segment as follows:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied		938,368		931,709
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		1,630,208		1,578,483
Construction and development < 60 months		747,671		756,662
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		247,725		250,373
Residential real estate first lien		1,449,075		1,431,265
Residential real estate all other		282,314		275,461
Agriculture		456,110		449,190
Commercial non-real estate		1,352,493		1,363,462
Consumer non-real estate		478,912		478,647
Oil and gas		511,651		509,858
Total (1)	$	8,094,527	$	8,025,110
(1) Excludes accrued interest receivable of $40.4 million at March 31, 2025 and $40.9 million at December 31, 2024, that is recorded in accrued interest receivable and other assets.

The Company's loans are currently 83% held by BancFirst and 17% held by Pegasus and Worthington. In addition, approximately 71% of the Company's loans are secured by real estate. Credit risk on loans is managed through limits on amounts loaned to individual and related borrowers, underwriting standards and loan monitoring procedures. The amounts and types of collateral obtained, if any, to secure loans are based upon the Company’s underwriting standards and management’s credit evaluation. Collateral varies, but may include real estate, equipment, accounts receivable, inventory, livestock and/or securities. The Company’s interest in collateral is secured through filing mortgages and liens, or by possession of the collateral.

The Company's portfolio segment descriptions and the weighted average remaining life of portfolio segments are disclosed in Note (5) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets and Loan Modifications

The following is a summary of other real estate owned and repossessed assets:



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Other real estate owned and repossessed assets	$	35,542	$	33,665

As of both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, other real estate owned included a commercial real estate property recorded at approximately $29.5 million and $28.1 million, respectively. The increase in OREO and this commercial real estate property was due to tenant improvements during the three months ended March 31, 2025. Rental income for this property is included in other noninterest income on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Operating expense for this property is included in net expense from other real estate owned in noninterest expense on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

This property had the following rental income and operating expenses for the periods presented.


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Rental income	$	3,121	$	2,941
Operating expense		2,624		2,250

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company sold property held in other real estate owned for a total gain of $25,000, compared to a total gain of $177,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The Company charges interest on principal balances outstanding on modified loans during deferral periods. The current and future financial effects of the recorded balance of loans considered to be modified during the period were not considered to be material. The recorded balance of loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was approximately $1.9 million compared to $14.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Nonaccrual loans

The Company did not recognize any interest income on nonaccrual loans for either the three months ended March 31, 2025 or 2024. In addition, all loans identified as nonaccrual loans have related allowances for credit losses at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Had nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their original contractual terms, the Company would have recognized additional interest income of approximately $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and approximately $696,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Nonaccrual loans guaranteed by government agencies totaled approximately $9.2 million at March 31, 2025 and approximately $9.0 million at December 31, 2024.

The following table is a summary of amounts included in nonaccrual loans, segregated by portfolio segment.


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	8,156	$	7,957
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		8,010		8,913
Construction and development < 60 months		20,603		20,445
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		2,115		1,481
Residential real estate first lien		4,753		5,193
Residential real estate all other		918		653
Agriculture		1,344		2,047
Commercial non-real estate		7,673		8,552
Consumer non-real estate		1,109		1,028
Oil and gas		1,690		1,715
Total	$	56,371	$	57,984

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. The following table presents an age analysis of the Company's loans held for investment:


	Age Analysis of Past Due Loans
	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days and Greater		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans		Accruing Loans 90 Days or More Past Due
	(Dollars in thousands)
As of March 31, 2025
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	4,753	$	201	$	7,690	$	12,644	$	925,724	$	938,368	$	436
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		782		—		233		1,015		1,629,193		1,630,208		228
Construction and development < 60 months		1,011		16		20,685		21,712		725,959		747,671		174
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		165		113		1,239		1,517		246,208		247,725		—
Residential real estate first lien		5,429		2,975		4,379		12,783		1,436,292		1,449,075		1,739
Residential real estate all other		3,374		131		981		4,486		277,828		282,314		248
Agriculture		4,167		944		1,185		6,296		449,814		456,110		632
Commercial non-real estate		7,423		429		5,610		13,462		1,339,031		1,352,493		1,151
Consumer non-real estate		3,685		832		1,247		5,764		473,148		478,912		512
Oil and gas		108		450		1,111		1,669		509,982		511,651		—
Total	$	30,897	$	6,091	$	44,360	$	81,348	$	8,013,179	$	8,094,527	$	5,120

As of December 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	2,810	$	273	$	7,963	$	11,046	$	920,663	$	931,709	$	569
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		603		16,871		610		18,084		1,560,399		1,578,483		41
Construction and development < 60 months		317		351		20,327		20,995		735,667		756,662		116
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		292		622		616		1,530		248,843		250,373		—
Residential real estate first lien		9,128		2,118		3,332		14,578		1,416,687		1,431,265		797
Residential real estate all other		1,498		559		828		2,885		272,576		275,461		370
Agriculture		1,569		1,357		5,691		8,617		440,573		449,190		4,754
Commercial non-real estate		4,325		1,019		5,983		11,327		1,352,135		1,363,462		356
Consumer non-real estate		3,748		907		1,173		5,828		472,819		478,647		504
Oil and gas		1,111		458		232		1,801		508,057		509,858		232
Total	$	25,401	$	24,535	$	46,755	$	96,691	$	7,928,419	$	8,025,110	$	7,739

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company considers credit quality indicators to monitor the credit risk in the loan portfolio including volume and severity of loan delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, internal grading of loans, historical credit loss experience and economic conditions. These indicators are reviewed and updated regularly throughout the year. An internal risk grading system is used to indicate the credit risk of loans. The loan grades used by the Company are for internal risk identification purposes and do not directly correlate to regulatory classification categories or any financial reporting definitions. The general characteristics of the risk grades and the table summarizing the Company’s gross loans held for investment by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades as of December 31, 2024, are disclosed in Note (5) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company’s revolving loans that are converted to term loans are not material and therefore have not been presented.

The following table summarizes the Company’s gross loans held for investment by year of origination and internally assigned credit grades:

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year

Revolving Loans

(Dollars in thousands)

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

Prior

Amortized Cost Basis

Total

As of March 31, 2025

Commercial real estate owner occupied

Grade 1

21,686

77,228

105,688

136,337

93,581

209,640

17,585

661,745

Grade 2

16,711

33,382

32,599

47,572

46,421

56,775

5,996

239,456

Grade 3

387

14,041

9,920

3,080

2,441

2,010

138

32,017

Grade 4

332

1,506

377

153

387

2,273

122

5,150

Total commercial real estate owner occupied

39,116

126,157

148,584

187,142

142,830

270,698

23,841

938,368

Commercial real estate non-owner occupied

Grade 1

56,154

109,497

282,664

262,068

173,442

176,336

23,464

1,083,625

Grade 2

33,254

82,361

108,531

141,844

52,448

83,323

13,497

515,258

Grade 3

—

20,633

125

735

—

21,523

Grade 4

—

5,751

—

1,947

2,104

—

9,802

Total commercial real estate non-owner occupied

89,408

218,242

391,320

404,647

227,837

261,793

36,961

1,630,208

Construction and development < 60 months

Grade 1

40,297

107,456

97,643

151,160

8,330

14,092

31,049

450,027

Grade 2

50,697

88,588

50,994

55,526

658

15,465

11,422

273,350

Grade 3

2,588

483

123

—

352

128

—

3,674

Grade 4

—

816

308

136

19,342

20,620

Total construction and development < 60 months

93,582

196,527

148,778

207,502

9,648

29,821

61,813

747,671

Construction residential real estate < 60 months

Grade 1

32,101

93,178

11,462

4,470

1,758

4,271

147,329

Grade 2

25,058

54,685

1,218

553

—

15,912

97,426

Grade 3

237

619

—

856

Grade 4

—

1,791

117

206

—

2,114

Total construction residential real estate < 60 months

57,396

150,273

12,797

5,229

1,758

20,183

247,725

Residential real estate first lien

Grade 1

67,422

246,761

189,340

195,013

142,744

251,378

4,856

1,097,514

Grade 2

18,221

76,975

72,008

47,839

37,344

65,901

969

319,257

Grade 3

3,520

6,168

3,204

3,401

2,707

6,231

—

25,231

Grade 4

—

1,870

802

616

1,930

1,855

—

7,073

Total residential real estate first lien

89,163

331,774

265,354

246,869

184,725

325,365

5,825

1,449,075

Residential real estate all other

Grade 1

7,051

36,798

24,767

18,504

5,291

15,416

52,478

160,305

Grade 2

1,250

6,992

5,255

3,783

1,219

4,920

92,263

115,682

Grade 3

247

918

394

265

171

482

1,924

4,401

Grade 4

329

245

108

—

186

990

1,926

Total residential real estate all other

8,877

44,776

30,661

22,660

6,681

21,004

147,655

282,314

Agriculture

Grade 1

15,224

38,758

37,016

37,398

26,324

56,517

52,148

263,385

Grade 2

18,495

34,417

21,982

17,310

12,002

24,776

41,465

170,447

Grade 3

413

1,260

2,306

2,319

1,742

4,501

7,471

20,012

Grade 4

461

246

865

162

397

125

2,266

Total Agriculture

34,142

74,896

61,550

57,892

40,230

86,191

101,209

456,110

Commercial non-real estate

Grade 1

53,825

126,977

90,837

132,250

106,919

66,222

282,164

859,194

Grade 2

32,121

84,894

69,514

28,032

15,275

7,963

208,939

446,738

Grade 3

447

1,391

1,652

1,701

371

347

36,508

42,417

Grade 4

559

669

1,212

601

124

381

345

3,891

Grade 5

—

172

—

253

Total commercial non-real estate

86,952

213,931

163,219

162,655

122,695

75,085

527,956

1,352,493

Consumer non-real estate

Grade 1

48,308

165,238

94,651

46,454

20,379

8,293

21,697

405,020

Grade 2

5,231

17,991

14,393

8,298

3,716

1,625

12,744

63,998

Grade 3

248

1,409

2,135

1,119

742

401

6,067

Grade 4

1,815

533

594

514

223

146

3,827

Total consumer non-real estate

55,602

185,171

111,773

56,385

25,060

10,465

34,456

478,912

Oil and gas

Grade 1

73,126

15,712

10,877

4,130

20,084

8,089

223,596

355,614

Grade 2

33,690

9,395

6,677

4,168

1,538

2,413

96,888

154,769

Grade 3

—

165

450

802

Grade 4

—

408

—

466

Total oil and gas

106,844

25,129

17,635

8,298

21,845

10,966

320,934

511,651

Total loans held for investment

661,082

1,566,876

1,351,671

1,359,279

781,640

1,093,146

1,280,833

8,094,527

The following tables summarize the Company's gross charge-offs by year of origination for the periods indicated:


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three months ended March 31, 2025
Commercial real estate owner occupied
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	23
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction and development < 60 months
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		3		—		—		3
Construction residential real estate < 60 months
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		25		—		—		—		—		—		25
Residential real estate first lien
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		6		2		1		5		37		—		51
Residential real estate all other
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		6		6
Agriculture
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		9		—		—		1		—		17		27
Commercial non-real estate
Current-period gross charge-offs		19		10		21		33		33		72		13		201
Consumer non-real estate
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		157		224		54		6		6		—		447
Oil and gas
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total current-period gross charge-offs	$	19	$	207	$	247	$	105	$	54	$	115	$	36	$	783


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three months ended March 31, 2024
Commercial real estate owner occupied
Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	15
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		12		—		—		1		—		—		13
Construction and development < 60 months
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Construction residential real estate < 60 months
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		3		—		—		—		—		—		3
Residential real estate first lien
Current-period gross charge-offs		1		—		—		1		—		21		—		23
Residential real estate all other
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		—		—		—		2		27		29
Agriculture
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		—		31		—		—		—		—		31
Commercial non-real estate
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		1,001		275		132		12		126		1,508		3,054
Consumer non-real estate
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		244		97		51		13		15		11		431
Oil and gas
Current-period gross charge-offs		—		9		83		—		—		—		—		92
Total current-period gross charge-offs	$	1	$	1,269	$	486	$	199	$	26	$	164	$	1,546	$	3,691

Allowance for Credit Losses Methodology

The Company determines its provision for credit losses and allowance for credit losses using the current expected credit loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model. The allowance for current expected credit losses is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The allowance for credit losses methodology is disclosed in Note (5) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the periods presented. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories.


	Allowance for Credit Losses
	Balance at beginning of period		Charge- offs			Recoveries		Net charge-offs			Provision for /(benefit from) credit losses on loans			Balance at end of period
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	6,869	$	(23	)	$	39	$	16		$	106		$	6,991
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		33,097		—			—		—			656			33,753
Construction and development < 60 months		8,671		(3	)		—		(3	)		(55	)		8,613
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		2,336		(25	)		—		(25	)		(29	)		2,282
Residential real estate first lien		4,568		(51	)		3		(48	)		146			4,666
Residential real estate all other		1,741		(6	)		21		15			34			1,790
Agriculture		5,696		(27	)		11		(16	)		96			5,776
Commercial non-real estate		24,150		(201	)		125		(76	)		(197	)		23,877
Consumer non-real estate		4,833		(447	)		81		(366	)		353			4,820
Oil and gas		7,536		—			—		—			351			7,887
Total	$	99,497	$	(783	)	$	280	$	(503	)	$	1,461		$	100,455


	Allowance for Credit Losses
	Balance at beginning of period		Charge- offs			Recoveries		Net charge-offs			Provision for /(benefit from) credit losses on loans			Balance at end of period
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	7,483	$	(15	)	$	20	$	5		$	(20	)	$	7,468
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		33,080		(13	)		—		(13	)		113			33,180
Construction and development < 60 months		3,950		—			—		—			2,646			6,596
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		3,414		(3	)		—		(3	)		53			3,464
Residential real estate first lien		4,914		(23	)		4		(19	)		28			4,923
Residential real estate all other		1,646		(29	)		5		(24	)		30			1,652
Agriculture		6,137		(31	)		12		(19	)		19			6,137
Commercial non-real estate		22,745		(3,054	)		33		(3,021	)		758			20,482
Consumer non-real estate		4,401		(431	)		69		(362	)		296			4,335
Oil and gas		9,030		(92	)		—		(92	)		92			9,030
Total	$	96,800	$	(3,691	)	$	143	$	(3,548	)	$	4,015		$	97,267

Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans

The Company has previously purchased loans, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination. The Company did not purchase credit-deteriorated loans during the three month period ended March 31, 2025 or March 31, 2024.

Collateral Dependent Loans

A loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, no material amount of interest income was recognized on collateral-dependent loans subsequent to their classification as collateral-dependent. The following tables summarize collateral-dependent gross loans held for investment by collateral type and the related specific allocation as follows:


	Collateral Type
	Real Estate		Business Assets		Other Assets		Total		Specific Allocation
	(Dollars in thousands)
As of March 31, 2025
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	125	$	—	$	—	$	125	$	50
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		7,822		—		—		7,822		880
Construction and development < 60 months		20,142		—		—		20,142		3,755
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		206		—		—		206		75
Residential real estate first lien		343		—		—		343		99
Residential real estate all other		98		—		—		98		33
Agriculture		1,584		110		13		1,707		688
Commercial non-real estate		—		9,510		66		9,576		2,052
Consumer non-real estate		—		—		562		562		316
Oil and gas		—		—		—		—		110
Total collateral-dependent loans held for investment	$	30,320	$	9,620	$	641	$	40,581	$	8,058

	Collateral Type
	Real Estate		Business Assets		Other Assets		Total		Specific Allocation
	(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 2024
Real estate:
Commercial real estate owner occupied	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied		7,890		—		—		7,890		879
Construction and development < 60 months		20,142		—		—		20,142		3,755
Construction residential real estate < 60 months		206		—		—		206		75
Residential real estate first lien		300		—		—		300		93
Residential real estate all other		100		—		—		100		34
Agriculture		1,584		110		13		1,707		688
Commercial non-real estate		—		10,087		108		10,195		2,222
Consumer non-real estate		—		—		399		399		242
Oil and gas		—		—		—		—		—
Total collateral-dependent loans held for investment	$	30,222	$	10,197	$	520	$	40,939	$	7,988

Non-Cash Transfers from Loans and Premises and Equipment

Transfers from loans and premises and equipment to other real estate owned and repossessed assets are non-cash transactions, and are not included in the consolidated statements of cash flow.

Transfers from loans and premises and equipment to other real estate owned and repossessed assets during the periods presented are summarized as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Other real estate owned	$	909	$	1,582
Repossessed assets		824		455
Total	$	1,733	$	2,037

(4) INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

The following is a summary of intangible assets as of the date listed:


	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Carrying Amount
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2025
Core deposit intangibles	$	33,550	$	(21,311	)	$	12,239
Customer relationship intangibles		3,350		(3,317	)		33
Total	$	36,900	$	(24,628	)	$	12,272
December 31, 2024
Core deposit intangibles	$	33,550	$	(20,454	)	$	13,096
Customer relationship intangibles		3,350		(3,288	)		62
Total	$	36,900	$	(23,742	)	$	13,158

The following is a summary of goodwill by business segment:




	BancFirst Metropolitan Banks		BancFirst Community Banks		Pegasus		Worthington		Other Financial Services		Executive, Operations & Support		Consolidated
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three months ended March 31, 2025
Balance at beginning and end of period	$	13,767	$	61,420	$	68,855	$	32,133	$	5,464	$	624	$	182,263

Additional information for intangible assets can be found in Note (7) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

(5) SUBORDINATED DEBT

In January 2004, the Company established BFC Capital Trust II (“BFC II”), a trust formed under the Delaware Business Trust Act. The Company owns all of the common securities of BFC II. In February 2004, BFC II issued $25 million of aggregate liquidation amount of 7.20% Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities (the “Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities”) to other investors. In March 2004, BFC II issued an additional $1 million in Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities through the execution of an over-allotment option. The proceeds from the sale of the Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities and the common securities of BFC II were invested in $26.8 million of 7.20% Junior Subordinated Debentures of the Company. Interest payments on the $26.8 million of 7.20% Junior Subordinated Debentures are payable January 15, April 15, July 15 and October 15 of each year. Such interest payments may be deferred for up to twenty consecutive quarters. The stated maturity date of the $26.8 million of 7.20% Junior Subordinated Debentures is March 31, 2034, but they are subject to mandatory redemption pursuant to optional prepayment terms. The Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities represent an undivided interest in the $26.8 million of 7.20% Junior Subordinated Debentures and are guaranteed by the Company. During any deferral period or during any event of default, the Company may not declare or pay any dividends on any of its capital stock. The Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities have been callable at par, in whole or in part, since March 31, 2009.

On June 17, 2021, the Company completed a private placement, under Regulation D of the Securities Act of 1933, of $60 million aggregate principal amount of 3.50% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2036 (the “Subordinated Notes”) to various institutional accredited investors. The sale of the Subordinated Notes was pursuant to a Subordinated Note Purchase Agreement entered into with each of the investors. The Subordinated Notes qualify as Tier 2 capital under bank regulatory guidelines. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the Subordinated Notes were approximately $59.15 million net of commissions and offering expenses. The Company used the proceeds from the sale of the Subordinated Notes for general corporate purposes. The Subordinated Notes initially bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.50% per annum, from and including June 17, 2021 to but excluding June 30, 2031, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 30 and December 31 of each year, commencing December 31, 2021. Then, from and including June 30, 2031, to but excluding the maturity date, the Subordinated Notes will bear interest at a floating rate equal to the benchmark (initially, three-month term SOFR), reset quarterly, plus a spread of 229 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. The Subordinated Notes mature on June 30, 2036.

The Company may, at its option, beginning with the interest payment date of June 30, 2031, and on any scheduled interest payment date thereafter, redeem the Subordinated Notes, in whole or in part. In addition, the Company may redeem all, but not less than all, of the Subordinated Notes at any time upon the occurrence of a “Tier 2 Capital Event,” a “Tax Event” or an “Investment Company Event” (each as defined in the Subordinated Notes). Any such redemption is subject to obtaining the prior approval of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (or its designee). The redemption price with respect to any such redemption will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Subordinated Note, or portion thereof, to be redeemed, plus accrued but unpaid interest, if any, thereon to, but excluding, the redemption date.

(6) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On May 25, 2023, the shareholders of the Company adopted the BancFirst Corporation 2023 Restricted Stock Unit Plan (the "RSU Plan"). The RSU Plan was effective as of June 1, 2023 and for a period of ten years thereafter. The RSU Plan will continue in effect after such ten-year period until all matters relating to the payment of awards and administration of the RSU Plan have been settled. At March 31, 2025 there were 453,175 shares available for future grants. The restricted stock units ("RSU's") vest beginning two years from the date of grant at the rate of 20% per year for five years. The RSU's are settled and distributed as of each vesting date. The fair value of each RSU granted is equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant.

The following table is a summary of the activity under the Company's RSU plan.



			Wgtd. Avg.
	Restricted		Grant Date
	Stock Units		Fair Value
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Nonvested at December 31, 2024		42,825	$	90.35
Granted		4,000		113.41
Nonvested at March 31, 2025		46,825		92.32

The Company has had the BancFirst Corporation Directors’ Deferred Stock Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Stock Compensation Plan”) since May 1999. As of March 31, 2025, there are 33,528 shares available for future issuance under the Deferred Stock Compensation Plan. The Deferred Stock Compensation Plan will terminate on December 31, 2030, if not extended. Under the plan, directors and members of the community advisory boards of the Company and its subsidiaries may defer up to 100% of their board fees. They are credited for each deferral with a number of stock units based on the current market price of the Company’s stock, which accumulate in an account until such time as the director or community board member terminates serving as a board member. Shares of common stock of the Company are then distributed to the terminating director or community board member based upon the number of stock units accumulated in his or her account. There were 4,045 and 5,022 shares of common stock distributed from the Deferred Stock Compensation Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

A summary of the accumulated stock units under the Deferred Stock Compensation Plan is as follows:



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Accumulated stock units		119,058		120,984
Average price	$	46.51	$	44.70

The Company terminated the BancFirst Corporation Stock Option Plan (the “Employee Plan”) on June 1, 2023. The remaining options will continue to vest and are exercisable beginning four years from the date of grant at the rate of 25% per year for four years, and expire no later than the end of fifteen years from the date of grant.

The Company terminated the BancFirst Corporation Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan (the “Non-Employee Directors’ Plan”) on June 1, 2023. The remaining options will continue to vest and are exercisable beginning one year from the date of grant at the rate of 25% per year for four years, and expire no later than the end of fifteen years from the date of grant.

The following table is a summary of the activity under both the Employee Plan and the Non-Employee Directors’ Plan:


						Wgtd. Avg.
				Wgtd. Avg.		Remaining	Aggregate
				Exercise		Contractual	Intrinsic
	Options			Price		Term	Value
	(Dollars in thousands, except option data)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Outstanding at December 31, 2024		947,921		$	58.42
Options exercised		(21,000	)		36.82
Options canceled, forfeited, or expired		(5,000	)		90.56
Outstanding at March 31, 2025		921,921			58.74	9.55 Yrs.	$	47,140
Exercisable at March 31, 2025		391,046			43.95	7.21 Yrs.	$	25,776

The following table has additional information regarding options exercised under both the Employee Plan and the Non-Employee Directors’ Plan:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Total intrinsic value of options exercised	$	1,734	$	1,831
Cash received from options exercised		773		708
Tax benefit realized from options exercised		417		440

The Company currently uses newly issued shares for stock option exercises, but reserves the right to use shares purchased under the Company’s Stock Repurchase Program (the “SRP”) in the future.

Although not required or expected, the Company may settle some options or restricted stock units in cash on a limited basis at the discretion of the Company. The Company had no cash settlements during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or March 31, 2024.

Stock-based compensation expense is charged to salaries and benefits expense on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The components of stock-based compensation expense for all share-based compensation plans and related tax benefits are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Stock-based compensation expense	$	790	$	715
Tax benefit		190		172
Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax	$	600	$	543

The Company amortizes the unearned stock-based compensation expense over the remaining vesting period of approximately five years for unvested stock options and six years for unvested RSU's. The following table shows the unearned stock-based compensation expense for unvested stock options and unvested RSU's:


	March 31, 2025
	(Dollars in thousands)
Unearned stock-based compensation expense for unvested stock options	$	6,802
Unearned stock-based compensation expense for unvested RSU's		3,480

(7) STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The Company has adopted a Stock Repurchase Program (the “SRP”). The SRP may be used as a means to increase earnings per share and return on equity. In addition, the SRP may be used to purchase treasury stock for the exercise of stock options or for distributions under the Deferred Stock Compensation Plan, to provide liquidity for optionees to dispose of stock from exercises of their stock options and to provide liquidity for stockholders wishing to sell their stock. All shares repurchased under the SRP have been

retired and not held as treasury stock. The timing, price and amount of stock repurchases under the SRP is determined by management and approved by the Company’s Executive Committee.

The following table is a summary of the shares under the SRP:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Shares remaining to be repurchased		479,784		479,784

BancFirst Corporation, BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington are subject to risk-based capital guidelines issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). These guidelines are used to evaluate capital adequacy and involve both quantitative and qualitative evaluations of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory practices. Failure to meet the minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory or discretionary actions by the regulatory agencies that could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company believes that as of March 31, 2025, BancFirst Corporation, BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington each met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. The actual and required capital amounts and ratios are shown in the following table:


				Required						To Be Well
				For Capital			With			Capitalized Under
				Adequacy			Capital Conservation			Prompt Corrective
	Actual			Purposes			Buffer			Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio	Amount		Ratio
	(Dollars in thousands)
As of March 31, 2025:
Total Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets)-
BancFirst Corporation	$	1,687,961	19.11%	$	706,663	8.00%	$	927,495	10.50%	N/A		N/A
BancFirst		1,273,409	17.42%		584,793	8.00%		767,541	10.50%	$	730,992	10.00%
Pegasus		160,653	16.66%		77,151	8.00%		101,261	10.50%		96,439	10.00%
Worthington		56,901	12.10%		37,625	8.00%		49,383	10.50%		47,032	10.00%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets)-
BancFirst Corporation	$	1,502,014	17.00%	$	397,498	4.50%	$	618,330	7.00%	N/A		N/A
BancFirst		1,170,053	16.01%		328,946	4.50%		511,694	7.00%	$	475,145	6.50%
Pegasus		150,762	15.63%		43,398	4.50%		67,507	7.00%		62,686	6.50%
Worthington		52,561	11.18%		21,164	4.50%		32,922	7.00%		30,571	6.50%
Tier 1 Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets)-
BancFirst Corporation	$	1,528,014	17.30%	$	529,997	6.00%	$	750,830	8.50%	N/A		N/A
BancFirst		1,190,053	16.28%		438,595	6.00%		621,343	8.50%	$	584,793	8.00%
Pegasus		150,762	15.63%		57,864	6.00%		81,973	8.50%		77,151	8.00%
Worthington		52,561	11.18%		28,219	6.00%		39,977	8.50%		37,625	8.00%
Tier 1 Capital
(to Quarterly Average Assets)-
BancFirst Corporation	$	1,528,014	11.30%	$	541,122	4.00%	N/A		N/A	N/A		N/A
BancFirst		1,190,053	10.36%		459,297	4.00%	N/A		N/A	$	574,121	5.00%
Pegasus		150,762	11.11%		54,274	4.00%	N/A		N/A		67,843	5.00%
Worthington		52,561	8.51%		24,699	4.00%	N/A		N/A		30,873	5.00%

As of March 31, 2025, BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington were classified by the Federal Reserve as “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action provisions. The Common Equity Tier 1 Capital of BancFirst Corporation, BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington includes common stock and related paid-in capital and retained earnings. In connection with the adoption of the Basel III Capital Rules, the election was made to opt-out of the requirement to include most components of accumulated other comprehensive income in Common Equity Tier 1 Capital. Common Equity Tier 1 Capital for BancFirst Corporation, BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington is reduced by goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. The Company’s trust preferred securities qualify as Tier 1 capital and its Subordinated Notes qualify as Tier 2 capital. BancFirst, Pegasus and Worthington have had no events or conditions that management believes would materially change their category under capital requirements existing as of the report dates.

(8) NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic and diluted net income per common share are calculated as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

(Numerator)
Income available to common stockholders	$	56,112	$	50,334
(Denominator)
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share		33,232,788		32,947,983
Dilutive effect of stock compensation		536,085		565,429
Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share		33,768,873		33,513,412

Basic earnings per share	$	1.69	$	1.53
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.66	$	1.50

The following table shows the number of options and RSU's that were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per common share for each period because they were anti-dilutive for the period:


	Shares
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025		57,733
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024		270,417

(9) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market available to the entity in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

•

Level 1 Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•

Level 2 Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset and liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•

Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant judgment or estimation. This category includes certain collaterally dependent loans, repossessed assets, other real estate owned, goodwill and other intangible assets.

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

A description of the valuation methodologies and key inputs used to measure financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy, is set forth below. These valuation methodologies were applied to the following categories of the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities.

Debt Securities Available for Sale

Debt securities classified as available for sale are reported at fair value. U.S. Treasuries are valued using Level 1 inputs. Other debt securities available for sale including U.S. federal agencies, registered mortgage backed debt securities and state and political subdivisions are valued using prices from an independent pricing service utilizing Level 2 data. The fair value measurements consider

observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and a bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. The Company also invests in private label mortgage backed debt securities for which observable information is not readily available. These debt securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs. For these debt securities, management determines the fair value based on replacement cost, the income approach or information provided by outside consultants or lead investors. Discount rates are primarily based on reference to interest rate spreads on comparable debt securities of similar duration and credit rating as determined by the nationally recognized rating agencies adjusted for a lack of trading volume. Significant unobservable inputs are developed by investment securities professionals involved in the active trading of similar debt securities.

The Company reviews the prices for Level 1 and Level 2 debt securities supplied by the independent pricing service for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with traditional pricing matrices. In general, the Company does not purchase investment portfolio debt securities that are esoteric or that have complicated structures. The Company’s portfolio primarily consists of traditional investments including U.S. Treasury obligations, federal agency mortgage pass-through debt securities, general obligation municipal bonds and municipal revenue bonds. Pricing for such instruments is easily obtained. For in-state bond issues that have relatively low issue sizes and liquidity, the Company utilizes the same parameters for pricing mentioned in the preceding paragraph adjusted for the specific issue. Periodically, the Company will validate prices supplied by the independent pricing service by comparison to prices obtained from third party sources.

Derivatives

Derivatives are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The Company obtains dealer and market quotations to value its oil and gas swaps and options. The Company utilizes dealer quotes and observable market data inputs to substantiate internal valuation models.

The following table summarizes financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the periods presented, segregated by the level of the valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value:


	Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2025
Debt securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	1,132,836	$	—	$	—	$	1,132,836
U.S. federal agencies		—		7,728		—		7,728
Mortgage-backed securities		—		12,964		—		12,964
States and political subdivisions		—		5,790		150		5,940
Other debt securities		—		7,196		—		7,196
Derivative assets		—		19,893		—		19,893
Derivative liabilities		—		18,237		—		18,237

December 31, 2024
Debt securities available for sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	1,176,009	$	—	$	—	$	1,176,009
U.S. federal agencies		—		8,232		—		8,232
Mortgage-backed securities		—		13,044		—		13,044
States and political subdivisions		—		6,286		150		6,436
Other debt securities				7,196				7,196
Derivative assets		—		10,479		—		10,479
Derivative liabilities		—		9,105		—		9,105

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis during the periods presented were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,		Twelve Months Ended December 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at the beginning of the year	$	150	$	180
Settlements		—		(30	)
Balance at the end of the period	$	150	$	150

The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of Levels 1, 2 and 3 as of the end of the reporting period. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, and the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not transfer any debt securities.

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). These financial assets and financial liabilities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs.

The Company invests in equity securities without readily determinable fair values and utilizes Level 3 inputs. These equity securities are reported at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. The realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported as securities transactions in the noninterest income section of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Collateral dependent loans are reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is dependent on liquidation of the collateral. When the Company determines that foreclosure is probable or when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. In no case does the fair value of a collateral dependent loan exceed the fair value of the underlying collateral. The collateral dependent loans are adjusted to fair value through a specific allocation of the allowance for credit losses or a direct charge-down of the loan.

Repossessed assets, upon initial recognition, are measured and adjusted to fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for possible credit losses based upon the fair value of the repossessed asset.

Other real estate owned is revalued at fair value subsequent to initial recognition, with any losses recognized in net expense from other real estate owned.

The following table summarizes assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period presented. These nonrecurring fair values do not represent all assets, only those assets that have been adjusted during the reporting period:


	Total Fair Value
	Level 3
	(Dollars in thousands)
As of and for the Year-to-date Period Ended March 31, 2025
Equity securities	$	12,785
Collateral dependent loans		760
Repossessed assets		588
Other real estate owned		1,077
As of and for the Year-to-date Period Ended December 31, 2024
Equity securities	$	13,014
Collateral dependent loans		7,337
Repossessed assets		614
Other real estate owned		32,868

Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company is required under current authoritative accounting guidance to disclose the estimated fair value of their financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value. For the Company, as for most financial institutions, substantially all of its assets and liabilities are considered financial instruments. A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity or a contract that creates a contractual obligation or right to deliver or receive cash or another financial instrument from a second entity. The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments:

Cash and Cash Equivalents Include: Cash and Due from Banks and Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks

The carrying amount of these short-term instruments is based on a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Federal Funds Sold

The carrying amount of these short-term instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Debt Securities Held for Investment

For debt securities held for investment, which are generally traded in secondary markets, fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes, if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar debt securities making adjustments for credit or liquidity if applicable.

Loans Held for Sale

The Company originates mortgage loans to be sold. At the time of origination, the acquiring bank has already been determined and the terms of the loan, including interest rate, have already been set by the acquiring bank, allowing the Company to originate the loan at fair value. Mortgage loans are generally sold within 30 days of origination. Loans held for sale are valued using Level 2 inputs. Gains or losses recognized upon the sale of the loans are determined on a specific identification basis.

Loans Held for Investment

To determine the fair value of loans held for investment, the Company uses an exit price calculation, which takes into account factors such as liquidity, credit and the nonperformance risk of loans. For certain homogeneous categories of loans, such as some residential mortgages, fair values are estimated using the quoted market prices for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair values of other types of loans are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

Deposits

The fair values of transaction and savings accounts are the amounts payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair values of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit are estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

Subordinated Debt

The fair values of subordinated debt are estimated using the rates that would be charged for subordinated debt of similar remaining maturities.

Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit

The fair values of commitments are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the terms of the agreements. The fair values of letters of credit are based on fees currently charged for similar agreements.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are reported at amortized cost in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value, are as follows:



	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Level 2 inputs:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,974,172	$	3,974,172	$	3,553,772	$	3,553,772
Federal funds sold		520		520	$	715		715
Debt securities held for investment		775		775		2		2
Loans held for sale		8,283		8,283		8,073		8,073
Level 3 inputs:
Debt securities held for investment		2		2		835		835
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses		7,994,072		8,792,307		7,925,613		8,643,418
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Level 2 inputs:
Deposits		12,126,750		11,451,560		11,718,546		10,966,958
Subordinated debt		86,171		79,800		86,157		77,998
OFF-BALANCE-SHEET FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Loan commitments				4,290				4,313
Letters of credit				716				769

Non-financial Assets and Non-financial Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The Company has no non-financial assets or non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. In addition, the Company has no non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include intangible assets. The intangible assets are evaluated at least annually for impairment. The overall levels of non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were not considered to be significant to the Company at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

(10) DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company enters into oil and gas swaps and options contracts to accommodate the business needs of its customers. Upon the origination of an oil or gas swap or option contract with a customer, to mitigate the exposure to fluctuations in oil and gas prices, the Company simultaneously enters into an offsetting contract with a counterparty. These derivatives are not designated as hedged instruments and are recorded on the Company's consolidated balance sheet at fair value and are included in other assets. The Company's derivative financial instruments require a daily margin to be posted, which fluctuates with oil and gas prices. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had a margin asset included in other assets in the amount of $12.6 million and $463,000, respectively.

The Company utilizes dealer quotations and observable market data inputs to substantiate internal valuation models. The notional amounts and estimated fair values of oil and gas derivative positions outstanding are presented in the following table:


		March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024
Oil and Natural Gas Swaps and Options	Notional Units	Notional Amount			Estimated Fair Value			Notional Amount			Estimated Fair Value
		(Notional amounts and dollars in thousands)
Oil
Derivative assets	Barrels		2,293		$	6,790			2,404		$	7,507
Derivative liabilities	Barrels		(2,293	)		(6,172	)		(2,404	)		(6,860	)

Gas/Natural Gas Liquids
Derivative assets	MMBTUs/Gallons		39,210			13,103			25,561			2,972
Derivative liabilities	MMBTUs/Gallons		(39,210	)		(12,065	)		(25,561	)		(2,245	)

Total Fair Value	Included in
Derivative assets	Other assets					19,893						10,479
Derivative liabilities	Other liabilities					(18,237	)					(9,105	)

The following table is a summary of the Company's recognized income related to the activity, which was included in other noninterest income:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Derivative income	$	221	$	103

The Company's credit exposure on oil and gas swaps and options varies based on the current market prices of oil and natural gas. Other than credit risk, changes in the fair value of customer positions will be offset by equal and opposite changes in the counterparty positions. The net positive fair value of the contracts represents the profit derived from the activity and is unaffected by the market price movements. The Company's share of total profit is approximately 35%.

Customer credit exposure is managed by strict position limits and is primarily offset by first liens on production while the remainder is offset by cash. Counterparty credit exposure is managed by selecting highly rated counterparties (rated A- or better by Moody's) and monitoring market information.

The following table is a summary of the Company's net credit exposure relating to oil and gas swaps and options with bank counterparties:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Credit exposure	$	210	$	8,074

Balance Sheet Offsetting

Derivatives may be eligible for offset in the consolidated balance sheet and/or subject to master netting arrangements. The Company's derivative transactions with upstream financial institution counterparties and bank customers are generally executed under International Swaps and Derivative Association ("ISDA") master agreements, which include "right of set-off" provisions. In such cases there is generally a legally enforceable right to offset recognized amounts and there may be an intention to settle such amounts on a net basis. Nonetheless, the Company does not generally offset such financial instruments for financial reporting purposes.

(11) SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company, along with its chief operating decision maker (CODM), which is BancFirst Corporation's Chief Executive Officer, evaluates its performance with an internal profitability measurement system that measures the profitability of its business units on a pre-tax basis. The financial information for each business unit is presented on the basis used internally by management and the CODM to evaluate performance and allocate resources. The Company utilizes a transfer pricing system to allocate the benefit or cost of funds provided or used by the various business units. Certain services provided by the support group to other business units, such as item processing, are allocated at rates approximating the cost of providing the services. Eliminations are adjustments to consolidate the business units. Capital expenditures are generally charged to the business unit using the asset.

The six principal business units are BancFirst metropolitan banks, BancFirst community banks, Pegasus, Worthington, other financial services and executive, operations and support. BancFirst metropolitan banks, BancFirst community banks, Pegasus and Worthington offer traditional banking products such as commercial and retail lending and a full line of deposit accounts. BancFirst metropolitan banks consist of banking locations in the metropolitan Oklahoma City and Tulsa areas. BancFirst community banks consist of banking locations in communities in Oklahoma outside the Oklahoma City and Tulsa metropolitan areas. Pegasus consists of banking locations in the Dallas metropolitan area. Worthington consists of banking locations in the Arlington, Fort Worth and Denton Texas. Other financial services are specialty product business units including guaranteed small business lending, residential mortgage lending, trust services, securities brokerage, electronic banking and insurance. The executive, operations and support groups represent executive management, operational support and corporate functions that are not allocated to the other business units.

The results of operations and selected financial information for the six business units are as follows:


	BancFirst Metropolitan Banks			BancFirst Community Banks		Pegasus		Worthington		Other Financial Services		Executive, Operations & Support			Eliminations			Consolidated
	(Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Interest income	$	49,386		$	105,612	$	19,709	$	8,593	$	2,376	$	(2,041	)	$	(1,159	)	$	182,476
Interest expense		20,529			39,465		7,185		3,197		979		(3,641	)		(1,187	)		66,527
Total provision for/(benefit from) credit losses		(51	)		1,187		105		132		18		195			—			1,586
Noninterest income		6,227			17,746		559		229		16,662		62,203			(54,732	)		48,894
Depreciation and amortization		480			2,653		148		168		143		2,102			—			5,694
Other noninterest expense		11,562			34,726		5,642		3,762		14,617		16,317			(141	)		86,485
Income before taxes	$	23,093		$	45,327	$	7,188	$	1,563	$	3,281	$	45,189		$	(54,563	)	$	71,078
Loans held for investment	$	2,423,864		$	4,129,905	$	888,551	$	462,816	$	96,689	$	92,702		$	—		$	8,094,527
Total assets	$	3,559,494		$	8,049,771	$	1,518,402	$	668,920	$	102,351	$	1,869,371		$	(1,730,254	)	$	14,038,055
Total deposits	$	2,973,626		$	7,414,687	$	1,296,438	$	581,139	$	—	$	—		$	(139,140	)	$	12,126,750
Capital expenditures	$	940		$	2,451	$	194	$	36	$	272	$	7,417		$	—		$	11,310
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Interest income	$	50,976		$	98,878	$	18,864	$	7,510	$	2,304	$	(5,557	)	$	(1,332	)	$	171,643
Interest expense		22,783			38,867		7,997		3,121		1,285		(7,182	)		(1,332	)		65,539
Total provision for/(benefit from) credit losses		(244	)		1,323		2,730		122		43		41			—			4,015
Noninterest income		5,169			15,918		320		221		15,163		58,428			(50,319	)		44,900
Depreciation and amortization		547			2,464		181		161		120		1,969			—			5,442
Other noninterest expense		10,728			33,350		5,131		3,658		9,684		14,972			(186	)		77,337
Income before taxes	$	22,331		$	38,792	$	3,145	$	669	$	6,335	$	43,071		$	(50,133	)	$	64,210
Loans held for investment	$	2,413,397		$	3,951,360	$	812,261	$	427,922	$	102,115	$	97,805		$	(23,000	)	$	7,781,860
Total assets	$	3,283,434		$	7,452,457	$	1,322,543	$	618,111	$	111,953	$	1,404,833		$	(1,590,906	)	$	12,602,425
Total deposits	$	2,538,277		$	6,842,481	$	1,122,732	$	512,205	$	—	$	—		$	(106,074	)	$	10,909,621
Capital expenditures	$	680		$	2,722	$	26	$	4,526	$	35	$	2,262		$	—		$	10,251

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024, and the other information included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those set forth under "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of the 2024 Form 10-K, and "Item 1A, Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, may cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements appearing in this discussion and analysis.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

The Company may make forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with respect to earnings, credit quality, corporate objectives, interest rates and other financial and business matters. Forward-looking statements include estimates and give management’s current expectations or forecasts of future events. The Company cautions readers that these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, including economic conditions; the performance of financial markets and interest rates; legislative and regulatory actions and reforms; competition; as well as other factors, all of which change over time. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and other financial items; (ii) statements of plans, objectives and expectations, including those relating to products or services; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “believes”, “anticipates”, “expects”, “intends”, “targeted”, “continue”, “remain”, “will”, “should”, “may” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.

Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

•

Potential impacts of adverse developments in the banking industry that could impact customer confidence.

•

Changes in the regulatory environment for the banking industry, including rule-making, supervision, examination, and enforcement.

•

Changes in fiscal, monetary or regulatory policy may have adverse consequences including impacts to the labor market, tariffs and inflation which may impact our financial performance.

•

Deterioration in the market for commercial office property could have an adverse effect on the value of the Company's other real estate owned as well as commercial office collateral for the Company's commercial real estate loans.

•

Further shift in deposit mix from noninterest-bearing deposits to interest-bearing deposits could negatively impact net interest margin.

•

Changes in interest rates.

•

The increased time and effort related to ongoing and/or changed regulations from regulatory bodies could negatively impact noninterest expense.

•

Local, regional, national and international economic conditions, including the effect of a government shutdown, and the impact they may have on the Company and its customers.

•

Changes in the mix of loan sectors and types or the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs.

•

Inflation, including wage inflation, energy prices, securities markets and monetary fluctuations.

•

Impairment of the Company’s goodwill or other intangible assets.

•

Changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits.

•

Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of the Company’s borrowers, including the impact of higher interest rates.

•

Technological changes.

•

Cyber threats.

•

The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters.

•

The Company’s success at managing the risks involved in the foregoing items.

Actual results may differ materially from forward-looking statements.

SUMMARY

The Company’s net income for the first quarter of 2025 was $56.1 million, compared to $50.3 million for the first quarter of 2024. Diluted net income per common share was $1.66 and $1.50 for the first quarter of 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company’s net interest income for the first quarter of 2025 increased to $115.9 million from $106.1 million for the first quarter of 2024. Higher loan volume along with general growth in earning assets were the primary drivers of the change in net interest income. Net interest margin was unchanged at 3.70% for both the first quarter of 2025 and 2024. The Company recorded a provision for credit losses on loans of $1.5 million in the first quarter of 2025 compared to $4.0 million for the first quarter of 2024.

Noninterest income for the quarter totaled $49.0 million compared to $44.9 million last year. Trust revenue, treasury income, sweep fees and insurance commissions each increased when compared to the first quarter last year.

Noninterest expense grew to $92.2 million for the quarter-ended March 31, 2025 compared to $82.8 million in the same quarter in 2024. The Company recorded a $4.4 million expense related to the disposition of certain equity investments no longer permissible under the Volcker Rule, which prohibits banks with more than $10 billion in assets from holding certain private equity investments. Additionally, the increase in noninterest expense was augmented by growth in salaries and employee benefits of $3.1 million.

At March 31, 2025, the Company’s total assets were $14.0 billion, an increase of $483.7 million from December 31, 2024. Loans grew $69.6 million from December 31, 2024, totaling $8.1 billion at March 31, 2025. Deposits totaled $12.1 billion, an increase of $408.2 million from year-end 2024. Sweep accounts totaled $5.5 billion at March 31, 2025, up $324.6 million from December 31, 2024. The Company’s total stockholders’ equity was $1.7 billion, an increase of $51.6 million over December 31, 2024.

Nonaccrual loans totaled $56.4 million, representing 0.70% of total loans at March 31, 2025, down slightly from 0.72% at year-end 2024. The allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.24% at March 31, 2025, unchanged from December 31, 2024. Net charge-offs were $503,000 for the first quarter of 2025 compared to $3.5 million for the first quarter of 2024.

FUTURE APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

See Note (1) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements since December 31, 2024, the date of its most recent annual report to stockholders.

SEGMENT INFORMATION

See Note (11) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding business segments.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Average Balances, Income, Expenses and Rates

The following table presents certain information related to the Company's consolidated average balance sheet, average yields on assets and average costs of liabilities. Such yields are derived by dividing income or expense by the average balance of the corresponding assets or liabilities. For these computations: (i) average balances are derived from daily averages, (ii) information is shown on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate, and (iii) nonaccrual loans are included in the average loan balances and any interest on such nonaccrual loans is recognized on a cash basis. Loan fees included in interest income were $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.


BANCFIRST CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEETS AND INTEREST MARGIN ANALYSIS
(Unaudited)
Taxable Equivalent Basis
(Dollars in thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025								2024
				Interest		Average						Interest		Average
	Average			Income/		Yield/			Average			Income/		Yield/
	Balance			Expense		Rate			Balance			Expense		Rate
ASSETS
Earning assets:
Loans	$	8,050,816		$	137,178		6.91	%	$	7,730,753		$	132,249		6.86	%
Securities – taxable		1,195,306			7,006		2.38			1,557,806			9,181		2.36
Securities – tax exempt		2,192			22		4.13			2,642			25		3.76
Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks		3,492,467			38,468		4.47			2,212,788			30,316		5.50
Total earning assets		12,740,781			182,674		5.81			11,503,989			171,771		5.99
Nonearning assets:
Cash and due from banks		214,859								202,300
Interest receivable and other assets		828,449								804,575
Allowance for credit losses		(99,703	)							(97,061	)
Total nonearning assets		943,605								909,814
Total assets	$	13,684,386							$	12,413,803
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits	$	5,302,584		$	40,720		3.11	%	$	4,814,772		$	44,217		3.68	%
Savings deposits		1,138,173			8,900		3.17			1,056,727			9,003		3.42
Time deposits		1,494,885			15,870		4.31			1,027,039			11,193		4.37
Short-term borrowings		643			7		4.36			8,018			96		4.79
Subordinated debt		86,162			1,030		4.85			86,106			1,030		4.80
Total interest-bearing liabilities		8,022,447			66,527		3.36			6,992,662			65,539		3.76
Interest-free funds:
Noninterest-bearing deposits		3,889,812								3,843,371
Interest payable and other liabilities		129,460								131,898
Stockholders’ equity		1,642,667								1,445,872
Total interest free funds		5,661,939								5,421,141
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	13,684,386							$	12,413,803
Net interest income				$	116,147							$	106,232
Net interest spread							2.45	%							2.23	%
Effect of interest free funds							1.25	%							1.47	%
Net interest margin							3.70	%							3.70	%

Selected income statement data and other selected data for the comparable periods were as follows:

BANCFIRST CORPORATION

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
Income Statement Data
Net interest income	$	115,949		$	106,104
Provision for credit losses on loans		1,461			4,015
Securities transactions		(333	)		(267	)
Total noninterest income		48,894			44,900
Salaries and employee benefits		54,593			51,528
Total noninterest expense		92,179			82,779
Net income		56,112			50,334
Per Common Share Data
Net income – basic	$	1.69		$	1.53
Net income – diluted		1.66			1.50
Cash dividends		0.46			0.43
Performance Data
Return on average assets		1.66	%		1.63	%
Return on average stockholders’ equity		13.85			13.96
Cash dividend payout ratio		27.22			28.10
Net interest spread		2.45			2.23
Net interest margin		3.70			3.70
Efficiency ratio		55.92			54.82
Net charge-offs to average loans		0.01			0.05

Net Interest Income

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, net interest income, which is the Company’s principal source of operating revenue, increased $9.8 million or 9.3% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. Higher loan volume along with general growth in earning assets were the primary drivers of the change in net interest income. Net interest margin is the ratio of taxable-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets for the period. The Company’s net interest margin was unchanged for the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024.

Provision for Credit Losses on loans

The Company establishes an allowance as an estimate of the expected credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. Management believes the allowance for credit losses is appropriate based upon management’s best estimate of expected losses within the existing loan portfolio. Should any of the factors considered by management in evaluating the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses change, the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses could also change which could affect the amount of future provisions for credit losses.

Net loan charge-offs were $503,000 million for the first quarter of 2025 compared to net loan charge-offs of $3.5 million for the first quarter of 2024. The rate of net charge-offs to average total loans continues to be at a low level.

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income increased by $4.0 million for the first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024. Trust revenue, treasury income, sweep fees and insurance commissions each increased when compared to last year.

Noninterest income included non-sufficient funds ("NSF") and overdraft fees totaling $7.4 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. This represents 15.1% and 15.9% of the Company’s noninterest income for the

respective periods. In addition, the Company had debit card usage and interchange fees totaling $6.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. This represents 13.3% and 14.6% of the Company’s noninterest income for the respective periods.

Noninterest Expense

Noninterest expense increased by $9.4 million for first quarter of 2025 compared to the first quarter of 2024. The Company recorded a $4.4 million expense related to the disposition of certain equity investments no longer permissible under the Volcker Rule, which prohibits banks with more than $10 billion in assets from holding certain private equity investments. Additionally, the increase in noninterest expense was augmented by growth in salaries and employee benefits of $3.1 million.

Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was 21.1% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 21.6% for the first quarter of 2024. The primary reasons for the difference between the Company’s effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate were tax-exempt income, nondeductible amortization, federal and state tax credits and state tax expense.

FINANCIAL POSITION


BANCFIRST CORPORATION
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2025			2024
	(unaudited)
Balance Sheet Data
Total assets	$	14,038,055		$	13,554,314
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		3,706,328			3,315,932
Debt securities		1,167,441			1,211,754
Total loans (net of unearned interest)		8,102,810			8,033,183
Allowance for credit losses		100,455			99,497
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits		4,027,797			3,907,060
Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits		5,393,995			5,231,327
Savings deposits		1,174,685			1,110,020
Time deposits		1,530,273			1,470,139
Total deposits		12,126,750			11,718,546
Stockholders' equity		1,672,827			1,621,187
Book value per share		50.32			48.81
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP)(1)		44.47			42.92
Reconciliation of Tangible Book Value per Common Share (non-GAAP)(2)
Stockholders' equity	$	1,672,827		$	1,621,187
Less goodwill		182,263			182,263
Less intangible assets, net		12,272			13,158
Tangible stockholders' equity (non-GAAP)	$	1,478,292		$	1,425,766
Common shares outstanding		33,241,564			33,216,519
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP)	$	44.47		$	42.92
Selected Financial Ratios
Balance Sheet Ratios:
Average loans to deposits (year-to-date)		68.08	%		71.50	%
Average earning assets to total assets (year-to-date)		93.10			92.91
Average stockholders’ equity to average assets (year-to-date)		12.00			11.78
Asset Quality Data
Loans past due 90 days and still accruing	$	5,120		$	7,739
Nonaccrual loans (3)		56,371			57,984
Other real estate owned and repossessed assets		35,542			33,665
Asset Quality Ratios:
Nonaccrual loans to total loans		0.70	%		0.72	%
Allowance for credit losses to total loans		1.24			1.24
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans		178.20			171.59
(1) Refer to the “Reconciliation of Tangible Book Value per Common Share (non-GAAP)” table.
(2) Tangible book value per common share is stockholders’ equity less goodwill and intangible assets, net, divided by common shares outstanding. This amount is a non-GAAP financial measure but has been included as it is considered to be a critical metric with which to analyze and evaluate the financial condition and capital strength of the Company. This measure should not be considered a substitute for operating results determined in accordance with GAAP.
(3) Government agencies guaranteed approximately $9.2 million of nonaccrual loans at March 31, 2025.

Cash and Due from Banks, Federal Funds Sold and Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks

The aggregate of cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks increased by $420.2 million or 11.8%, to $4.0 billion from December 31, 2024 to March 31, 2025. The increase was related to an increase of interest-bearing deposits in addition to maturing securities.

Securities

At March 31, 2025, total debt securities decreased $44.3 million, or 3.7% compared to December 31, 2024. The size of the Company’s securities portfolio is determined by the Company’s liquidity and asset/liability management. The net unrealized loss on debt securities available for sale, before taxes, was $31.1 million at March 31, 2025, compared to a net unrealized loss of $43.1 million at December 31, 2024. These unrealized losses of $23.7 million at March 31, 2025 and $32.9 million at December 31, 2024 are included in the Company’s stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of income tax. The Company did not purchase or sell any debt securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2025. The Company did not recognize a gain or loss on debt securities during the quarters ended March 31, 2025 or 2024. The Company had maturities and paydowns of debt securities totaling $56.3 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and $17.7 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2024.

See Note (2) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding the Company’s securities.

Loans

At March 31, 2025, total loans increased $69.6 million or 0.9% compared to December 31, 2024 as a result of internal loan growth. Of the total increase in loans, commercial real estate made up the largest increase with $58.4 million. The internal loan growth was primarily from the Company's Oklahoma subsidiary BancFirst.

See Note (3) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures regarding the Company’s loan portfolio segments.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The overall credit quality of the Company's loan portfolio has remained strong. If unforeseen adverse changes occur in the national or local economy, or in the credit markets, it would be reasonable to expect that the allowance for credit losses would increase in future periods.

Nonaccrual Loans

Nonaccrual loans totaled $56.4 million at March 31, 2025 compared to $58.0 million at December 31, 2024. The Company’s nonaccrual construction and development real estate loans made up 37% of nonaccrual loans and nonaccrual commercial real estate made up 29%. Nonaccrual loans negatively impact the Company’s net interest margin. A loan is placed on nonaccrual status when, in the opinion of management, the future collectability of both interest and principal is in serious doubt. Interest income is not recognized until the principal balance is fully collected. However, if the full collection of the remaining principal balance is not in doubt, interest income is recognized on certain of these loans on a cash basis. Had nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their original contractual terms, the Company would have recognized additional interest income of approximately $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $696,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Only a small amount of this interest is expected to be ultimately collected. Approximately $9.2 million of nonaccrual loans were guaranteed by government agencies at March 31, 2025.

The classification of a loan as nonaccrual does not necessarily indicate that loan principal and interest will ultimately be uncollectible; although, in an economic downturn, the Company’s experience has been that the level of collections decline. The above normal risk associated with nonaccrual loans has been considered in the determination of the allowance for credit losses. The level of nonaccrual loans and credit losses could rise over time as a result of adverse economic conditions.

Modified Loans

The current and future financial effects of the recorded balance of loans considered to be modified during the period were not considered to be material. The recorded balance of loans modified during the period ended March 31, 2025 was approximately $1.9 million compared to $14.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets

Other real estate owned ("OREO") consists of properties acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure and premises held for sale. These properties are carried at the lower of the book values of the related loans or fair values based upon appraisals of the properties, less estimated costs to sell. Write-downs arising at the time of reclassification of such properties from loans to OREO are charged directly to the allowance for credit losses. Any losses on bank premises designated to be sold are charged to operating expense at the time of transfer from premises to OREO. Decreases in values of properties subsequent to their classification as OREO are charged to operating expense. The Company's write-downs in OREO totaled $20,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $50,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

OREO included a larger commercial real estate property recorded at $29.5 million at March 31, 2025 and $28.1 million at December 31, 2024. During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the Company made $1.4 million of tenant improvements to this property, which contributed to the increase of total OREO. Rental income for this property is included in other noninterest income on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Operating expense for this property is included in net expense from OREO in other noninterest expense on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

This property had the following rental income and operating expenses for the periods presented:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Rental income	$	3,121	$	2,941
Operating expense		2,624		2,250

The Company's total rental income and operating expenses from OREO are presented in the following table:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(Dollars in thousands)
Rental income	$	3,121	$	3,002
Operating expense		2,663		2,329

Intangible Assets, Goodwill and Other Assets

Identifiable intangible assets and goodwill totaled $194.5 million and $195.4 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Other assets includes the cash surrender value of key-man life insurance policies totaling $84.3 million at March 31, 2025 and $84.4 million at December 31, 2024.

Derivative financial instruments consisting of oil and gas swaps and option contracts are included in other assets and totaled $19.9 million at March 31, 2025 and $10.5 million at December 31, 2024. They require a daily margin to be posted, which fluctuates with oil and gas prices and customer activity. The Company had a margin asset included in other assets in the amount of $12.6 million at March 31, 2025 and $463,000 at December 31, 2024. See Note (10) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion of the Company’s derivative financial instruments.

Equity securities are reported in other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The Company invests in equity securities without readily determinable fair values. The realized and unrealized gains and losses are reported as securities transactions in the noninterest income section of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The balance of equity securities was $12.8 million at March 31, 2025 and $13.4 million at December 31, 2024. The Company reviews its portfolio of equity securities for impairment at least quarterly.

Low-Income Housing, New Market Tax Credit Investments and Historic Tax Credit Investments

During 2025, the Company’s low-income housing tax credit ("LIHTC") investments increased $6.5 million totaling $65.1 million at March 31, 2025, New Markets Tax Credits ("NMTC") investments increased $5.3 million totaling $12.8 million at March 31, 2025 and the Historic Tax Credit Investments remained at $6.3 million, all of which are included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

See Note (6) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for disclosures regarding these investments.

Liquidity and Funding

The Company’s principal source of liquidity and funding is its broad deposit base generated from customer relationships. The availability of deposits is affected by economic conditions, competition with other financial institutions and alternative investments

available to customers. Through interest rates paid, service charge levels and services offered, the Company can affect its level of deposits to a limited extent. The level and maturity of funding necessary to support the Company’s lending and investment functions is determined through the Company’s asset/liability management process. The Company currently does not rely heavily on long-term borrowings and does not utilize brokered CDs. The Company maintains lines of credit from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), federal funds lines of credit with other banks and could also utilize the sale of loans, securities and liquidation of other assets as sources of liquidity and funding. The Company is highly liquid with percent of cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with banks and federal funds sold to total assets of 28.3% at March 31, 2025, compared to 26.2% at December 31, 2024.

There have not been any other material changes from the liquidity and funding discussion included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Deposits

At March 31, 2025, deposits totaled $12.1 billion, an increase of $408.2 million from December 31, 2024. The Company’s core deposits provide it with a stable, low-cost funding source. The Company’s core deposits as a percentage of total deposits were 95.5% at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Noninterest-bearing deposits to total deposits were 33.2% at March 31, 2025 compared to 33.3% at December 31, 2024.

Uninsured deposits are defined as the portion of deposit accounts in U.S. offices that exceed the FDIC insurance limit and amounts in any other uninsured investment or deposit account that are classified as deposits and are not subject to any federal or state deposit insurance regimes. Total uninsured deposits were $4.1 billion at March 31, 2025 and $4.0 billion at December 31, 2024, as calculated per regulatory guidance. This was approximately 34% of deposits at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company has existing and contingent sources of liquidity equivalent to approximately 150% of it uninsured deposits.

Off-balance-sheet sweep accounts totaled $5.5 billion at March 31, 2025 compared to $5.2 billion at December 31, 2024. The movement of customers' funds into the Company's off-balance-sheet sweep accounts affected the balances of both cash and deposits.

Subordinated Debt

See Note (5) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete discussion of the Company’s subordinated debt.

Lines of Credit

The Company has several lines of credit available. At March 31, 2025, BancFirst had $911.4 million available on its line of credit from the FHLB of Topeka, Kansas. At March 31, 2025, BancFirst had no advances outstanding under this line of credit. Pegasus had a Federal Reserve discount window capacity of $127.7 million. At March 31, 2025, Pegasus had no advances outstanding under this line of credit. Worthington had $10.5 million in lines of credit with other financial institutions that serve as overnight federal funds facilities, a Federal Reserve discount window capacity of $30.4 million and an $87.6 million line of credit from the FHLB of Dallas, Texas to use for liquidity or to match-fund certain long-term rate loans. Worthington had no advances outstanding at March 31, 2025 under any of these lines of credit.

Capital Resources

Stockholders’ equity totaled $1.7 billion at March 31, 2025, an increase of $51.6 million from December 31, 2024. In addition to net income of $56.1 million, other changes in stockholders’ equity during the three months ended March 31, 2025 included $891,000 related to common stock issuances for stock option exercises, $790,000 related to stock-based compensation and $9.1 million in accumulated other comprehensive income that were partially offset by $15.3 million in dividends. The Company’s leverage ratio and total risk-based capital ratios at March 31, 2025 were well in excess of the regulatory requirements.

See Note (7) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of capital ratios and requirements.

Liquidity Risk and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

There have not been any material changes in the Company’s liquidity risk and off-balance-sheet arrangements included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis which was included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have been no significant changes in the Company’s disclosures regarding market risk since December 31, 2024, the date of its most recent annual report to stockholders.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and its Disclosure Committee, which includes the Company’s Chairman of the Board, Chief Risk Officer, Chief Internal Auditor, Chief Asset Quality Officer, Controller, General Counsel and Director of Financial Reporting, have evaluated, as of the last day of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based on their evaluation they concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. During the period to which this report relates, there have not been any changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, such controls.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The Company has been named as a defendant in various legal actions arising from the conduct of its normal business activities. Although the amount of any liability that could arise with respect to these actions cannot be accurately predicted, in the opinion of the Company, any such liability will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

As of March 31, 2025, there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

None.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.


Exhibit Number		Exhibit
3.1		Amended and Restated By-Laws of BancFirst Corporation (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on form 10Q for the Quarter Ended March 31, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2		Restated Certificate of Incorporation of BancFirst Corporation dated August 5, 2021. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter Ended June 30, 2021).

31.1*		Chief Executive Officer’s Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

31.2*		Chief Financial Officer’s Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a).

32**		CEO’s & CFO’s Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema with Embedded Linkbase Documents.

104		Cover page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101).

*		Filed herewith.
**		This exhibit is furnished herewith and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		BANCFIRST CORPORATION
		(Registrant)

Date: May 9, 2025		/s/ David Harlow
		David Harlow
		President
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May 9, 2025		/s/ Hannah Andrus
		Hannah Andrus
		Executive Vice President
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)