eqh-20250331

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

———————————————

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File No. 001-38469

————————————————

Equitable Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						90-0226248
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10105

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(212) 554-1234

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock

EQH

New York Stock Exchange

Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of Fixed Rate Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A

EQH PR A

New York Stock Exchange

Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1,000th interest in a share of Fixed Rate Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C

EQH PR C

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an “emerging growth company”. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 (a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 29, 2025, 303,895,221 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets, March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024	4
	Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)	5
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)	6
	Consolidated Statements of Equity, Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)	7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)	8
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:
	Note 1 - Organization	10
	Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies	11
	Note 3 - Investments	14
	Note 4 - Derivatives	26
	Note 5 - Closed Block	33

	Note 6 - DAC and Other Deferred Assets/Liabilities	34
	Note 7 - Fair Value Disclosures	36
	Note 8 - Liabilities for Future Policyholder Benefits	50
	Note 9 - Market Risk Benefits	54


	Note 10 - Policyholder Account Balances	56
	Note 11 - Employee Benefit Plans	61
	Note 12 - Income Taxes	62

	Note 13 - Equity	62
	Note 14 - Short-term and Long-term Debt	65
	Note 15 - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest	65
	Note 16 - Commitments and Contingent Liabilities	66

	Note 17 - Business Segment Information	69
	Note 18 - Insurance Group Statutory Financial Information	74
	Note 19 - Earnings per Common Share	75




	Note 20 - Revision of Prior Period Financial Statements	76
	Note 21 - Subsequent Events	95
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	96
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	133
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	133

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	134
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	134
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	134
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	134
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	134
Item 5.	Other Information	134
Item 6.	Exhibits	135

Signatures		142

Table of Contents

NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND INFORMATION

Certain of the statements included or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “seeks,” “aims,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “may,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Equitable Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) and its consolidated subsidiaries. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding projections, estimates, forecasts and other financial and performance metrics and projections of market expectations. “We,” “us” and “our” refer to Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context refers only to Holdings as a corporate entity. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Holdings will be those anticipated by management. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, all matters that are not historical facts.

These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (i) conditions in the financial markets and economy, including the impact of geopolitical conflicts, changes in tariffs and trade barriers, and related economic conditions, equity market declines and volatility, interest rate fluctuations, impacts on our goodwill and changes in liquidity and access to and cost of capital; (ii) operational factors, including reliance on the payment of dividends to Holdings by its subsidiaries, protection of confidential customer information or proprietary business information, operational failures by us or our service providers, potential strategic transactions, changes in accounting standards, and catastrophic events, such as the outbreak of pandemic diseases; (iii) credit, counterparties and investments, including counterparty default on derivative contracts, failure of financial institutions, defaults by third parties and affiliates and economic downturns, defaults and other events adversely affecting our investments; (iv) our reinsurance and hedging programs; (v) our products, structure and product distribution, including variable annuity guaranteed benefits features within certain of our products, variations in statutory capital requirements, financial strength and claims-paying ratings, state insurance laws limiting the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends and key product distribution relationships; (vi) estimates, assumptions and valuations, including risk management policies and procedures, potential inadequacy of reserves and experience differing from pricing expectations, amortization of deferred acquisition costs and financial models; (vii) our Asset Management segment, including fluctuations in assets under management and the industry-wide shift from actively-managed investment services to passive services; (viii) recruitment and retention of key employees and experienced and productive financial professionals; (ix) subjectivity of the determination of the amount of allowances and impairments taken on our investments; (x) legal and regulatory risks, including federal and state legislation affecting financial institutions, insurance regulation and tax reform; (xi) risks related to our common stock and (xii) general risks, including strong industry competition, information systems failing or being compromised and protecting our intellectual property.

Forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with the other cautionary statements, risks, uncertainties and other factors identified in Holdings’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as amended or supplemented in our subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, including in the section entitled “Risk Factors,” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should read this Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from expectations. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as otherwise may be required by law.

Other risks, uncertainties and factors, including those discussed under “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements we make. Readers should read carefully the factors described in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K to better understand the risks and uncertainties inherent in our business and underlying any forward-looking statements.

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q we use certain defined terms and abbreviations, which are summarized in the “Glossary” and “Acronyms” sections.

Table of Contents

Part I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024




	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions, except share data)
ASSETS
Investments:
Fixed maturities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $85,230 and $84,717) (allowance for credit losses of $7 and $2)	$	77,997	$	76,641
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option (1)	2,105		2,053
Mortgage loans on real estate (net of allowance for credit losses of $272 and $278) (1)	20,566		20,072

Policy loans	4,318		4,330
Other equity investments (1)	3,748		3,719
Trading securities, at fair value	1,203		1,089
Other invested assets (1)	8,971		8,537
Total investments	118,908		116,441
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	8,164		6,964
Cash and securities segregated, at fair value	772		500
Broker-dealer related receivables	1,931		1,961
Deferred policy acquisition costs	7,262		7,170
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net	5,356		5,371
Amounts due from reinsurers (allowance for credit losses of $7 and $8)	7,523		7,899


Current and deferred income taxes	1,687		2,003
Purchased market risk benefits	5,976		7,376
Other assets (1)	4,574		4,462

Assets for market risk benefits	644		863
Separate Accounts assets	124,569		134,717
Total Assets	$	287,366	$	295,727
LIABILITIES
Policyholders’ account balances	$	112,793	$	110,929
Liability for market risk benefits	10,864		11,810
Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities	17,372		17,613
Broker-dealer related payables	642		775

Customer related payables	2,135		1,933
Amounts due to reinsurers	1,357		1,421

Long-term debt	4,330		3,833


Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities, at fair value using the fair value option (1)	2,110		2,116
Other liabilities (1)	6,700		7,032

Separate Accounts liabilities	124,569		134,717
Total Liabilities	$	282,872	$	292,179
Redeemable noncontrolling interest (1) (2)	$	289	$	125
Commitments and contingent liabilities (3)
EQUITY
Equity attributable to Holdings:
Preferred stock and additional paid-in capital, $1 par value and $25,000 liquidation preference	$	1,507	$	1,507
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000,000 shares authorized; 475,091,056 and 477,801,636 shares issued, respectively; 306,340,799 and 309,900,248 shares outstanding, respectively	5		5
Additional paid-in capital	2,305		2,336
Treasury stock, at cost,168,750,257 and 167,901,388 shares, respectively	(4,296)		(4,198)
Retained earnings	10,447		10,627
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(7,567)		(8,712)
Total equity attributable to Holdings	2,401		1,565
Noncontrolling interest	1,804		1,858
Total Equity	4,205		3,423
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity	$	287,366	$	295,727

______________

(1) See Note 2 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of balances with VIEs.

(2) See Note 15 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of redeemable noncontrolling interest.

(3) See Note 16 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of commitments and contingent liabilities.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions, except per share data)
REVENUES
Policy charges and fee income		$	636	$	614
Premiums		304		285
Net derivative gains (losses)		799		(1,376)
Net investment income (loss)		1,248		1,210
Investment gains (losses), net:
Credit and intent to sell losses on available for sale debt securities and loans		—		(20)
Other investment gains (losses), net		(14)		(19)
Total investment gains (losses), net		(14)		(39)
Investment management and service fees		1,285		1,278
Other income		318		258
Total revenues		4,576		2,230

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders’ benefits		759		677
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits		(2)		5
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits		672		(1,088)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		678		579
Compensation and benefits		601		620
Commissions and distribution-related payments		501		437
Interest expense		55		57
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		188		172
Other operating costs and expenses		950		552
Total benefits and other deductions		4,402		2,011
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes		174		219
Income tax (expense) benefit		(24)		(24)
Net income (loss)		150		195
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest (1)		87		103
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		63		92
Less: Preferred stock dividends		14		14
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders		$	49	$	78

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Net income (loss) applicable to Holdings’ common shareholders per common share:
Basic		$	0.16	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.16	$	0.23
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in millions):
Basic		307.8		330.2
Diluted		311.9		332.7

______________

(1) Includes redeemable noncontrolling interest. See Note 15 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of redeemable noncontrolling interest.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Net income (loss)		$	150	$	195
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment		609		(513)
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk		584		20
Change in liability for future policy benefits - current discount rate		(63)		98
Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment		17		8
Foreign currency translation adjustment		11		(11)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes		1,158		(398)
Comprehensive income (loss)		1,308		(203)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest		100		99
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings		$	1,208	$	(302)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Equity

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	Equity Attributable to Holdings
	Preferred Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital		Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Treasury Stock		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Holdings Equity		Non-controlling Interest		Total Equity
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,507	$	5	$	2,336	$	(4,198)	$	10,627	$	(8,712)	$	1,565	$	1,858	$	3,423

Stock compensation	—		—		18		24		—		—		42		8		50
Purchase of treasury stock	—		—		(5)		(257)		—		—		(262)		—		(262)
Reissuance of treasury stock	—		—		—		—		(20)		—		(20)		—		(20)
Retirement of common stock	—		—		—		135		(135)		—		—		—		—
Purchase of AB Holding units	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(30)		(30)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(130)		(130)

Dividends on common stock (cash dividends declared per common share of $0.24)	—		—		—		—		(74)		—		(74)		—		(74)
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—		—		(14)		—		(14)		—		(14)
Redemption of preferred stock	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		63		—		63		84		147
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		1,145		1,145		13		1,158
Other	—		—		(44)		—		—		—		(44)		1		(43)
March 31, 2025	$	1,507	$	5	$	2,305	$	(4,296)	$	10,447	$	(7,567)	$	2,401	$	1,804	$	4,205


Balance, beginning of period	$	1,562	$	5	$	2,328	$	(3,712)	$	10,250	$	(7,797)	$	2,636	$	1,739	$	4,375
Stock compensation	—		—		16		19		—		—		35		9		44
Purchase of treasury stock	—		—		(2)		(251)		—		—		(253)		—		(253)
Reissuance of treasury stock	—		—		—		—		(17)		—		(17)		—		(17)
Retirement of common stock	—		—		—		143		(143)		—		—		—		—
Purchase of AB Holding units	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(6)		(6)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(99)		(99)

Dividends on common stock (cash dividends declared per common share of $0.22)	—		—		—		—		(73)		—		(73)				(73)
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—		—		—		(14)		—		(14)		—		(14)

Net income (loss)	—		—		—		—		92		—		92		85		177
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—		(394)		(394)		(4)		(398)
Other	—		—		(20)		—		—		—		(20)		(1)		(21)
March 31, 2024	$	1,562	$	5	$	2,322	$	(3,801)	$	10,095	$	(8,191)	$	1,992	$	1,723	$	3,715

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	150	$	195
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	678		579
Policy charges and fee income	(636)		(614)
Net derivative (gains) losses	(799)		1,376
Credit and intent to sell losses on available for sale debt securities and loans	—		20
Investment (gains) losses, net	14		19
(Gains) losses on businesses held-for-sale	—		(1)
Realized and unrealized (gains) losses on trading securities	1		(37)
Loss on novation	499		—
AB Retirement plan losses	21		—
Non-cash long term incentive compensation expense	26		25
Amortization and depreciation	213		241
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	(2)		5
Change in market risk benefits	672		(1,088)
Equity (income) loss from limited partnerships	(28)		(50)
Changes in:
Net broker-dealer and customer related receivables/payables	248		(24)
Reinsurance recoverable	(307)		(377)
Segregated cash and securities, net	(272)		2
Capitalization of deferred policy acquisition costs	(282)		(270)
Future policy benefits	28		117
Current and deferred income taxes	6		79
Other, net	(72)		(166)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	158	$	31

Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from the sale/maturity/pre-payment of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	$	4,470	$	1,906
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option	131		199
Mortgage loans on real estate	349		256
Trading account securities	168		251

Short term investments	34		282
Other	130		142
Payment for the purchase/origination of:
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale	(4,989)		(3,153)
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option	(190)		(216)
Mortgage loans on real estate	(841)		(658)
Trading account securities	(216)		(504)
Short term investments	(48)		(258)
Other	(297)		(81)


Cash settlements related to derivative instruments, net	200		(1,179)

Investment in capitalized software, leasehold improvements and EDP equipment	(10)		(63)
Other, net	(90)		394

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	$	(1,199)	$	(2,682)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Policyholders’ account balances:
Deposits	$	6,722	$	4,239
Withdrawals	(2,059)		(2,572)
Transfers (to) from Separate Accounts	484		401
Payments of market risk benefits	(154)		(202)
Repayment of short-term financings	—		(254)
Change in collateralized pledged assets	8		(171)
Change in collateralized pledged liabilities	(2,871)		3,663
(Decrease) increase in overdrafts payable	—		46

Issuance of long-term debt	495		—


Proceeds from collateralized loan obligations	34		5
Repayment of collateralized loan obligations	(24)		—
Proceeds from notes issued by consolidated VIEs	461		—
Repayment of notes issued by consolidated VIEs	(465)		—
Dividends paid on common stock	(74)		(73)
Dividends paid on preferred stock	(14)		(14)


Purchase of AB Holding Units to fund long-term incentive compensation plan awards, net	(30)		(6)
Purchase of treasury shares	(262)		(253)
Purchases (redemptions) of noncontrolling interests of consolidated company-sponsored investment funds	92		203
Distribution to noncontrolling interest of consolidated subsidiaries	(130)		(99)
Change in securities lending	9		31
Other, net	6		1
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	$	2,228	$	4,945

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	$	13	$	(10)
Change in cash and cash equivalents	1,200		2,284
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	6,964		8,239
Change in cash of businesses held-for-sale	—		(166)
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	8,164	$	10,357






Non-cash transactions from investing and financing activities:






Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	15	$	205

______________

(1)See Note 1 for details on Novation.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1) ORGANIZATION

Equitable Holdings, Inc. is the holding company for a diversified financial services organization. The Company conducts operations in six segments: Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Asset Management, Protection Solutions, Wealth Management and Legacy. The Company’s management evaluates the performance of each of these segments independently. Effective April 1, 2024, the Company renamed its Investment Management and Research segment to Asset Management following the close of the previously announced joint venture between AllianceBernstein and Societe Generale. Following the close of the transaction, Bernstein Research Services (“BRS”)

business results are no longer consolidated within the financial results for AllianceBernstein and Equitable Holdings, Inc.

•The Individual Retirement segment offers a diverse suite of variable annuity products which are primarily sold to affluent and high net worth individuals saving for retirement or seeking retirement income.

•The Group Retirement segment offers tax-deferred investment and retirement services or products to plans sponsored by educational entities, municipalities and not-for-profit entities, as well as small and medium-sized businesses.

•The Asset Management segment provides diversified investment management and related services globally to a broad range of clients through three main client channels - Institutional, Retail and Private Wealth. The Asset Management segment reflects the business of AB Holding and ABLP and their subsidiaries (collectively, AB).

•The Protection Solutions segment includes the Company’s life insurance and group employee benefits (“EB”) businesses.

•The Wealth Management segment is an emerging leader in the wealth management space with a differentiated advice value proposition that offers discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory accounts, financial planning and advice, life insurance, and annuity products.

•The Legacy segment consists of our capital intensive fixed-rate GMxB business written prior to 2011.

The Company reports certain activities and items that are not included in our segments in Corporate and Other. Corporate and Other includes certain of our financing and investment expenses. It also includes closed block of life insurance (the “Closed Block”), run-off variable annuity reinsurance business, run-off group pension business, run-off health business, benefit plans for our employees, certain strategic investments and certain unallocated items, including capital and related investments, interest expense and corporate expense. AB’s results of operations are reflected in the Asset Management segment. Accordingly, Corporate and Other does not include any items applicable to AB.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’s economic interest in AB was approximately 62% and 62%, respectively. The General Partner of AB is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Because the General Partner has the authority to manage and control the business of AB, AB is consolidated in the Company’s financial statements for all periods presented.

RGA Reinsurance Transaction

On February 23, 2025, Equitable Financial, as well as Equitable America and Equitable Financial L&A, entered into a master transaction agreement with Reinsurance Group of America (“RGA”) pursuant to which at closing and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in such agreement, RGA would enter into reinsurance agreements, as reinsurer, with each such subsidiary, as ceding company, to effect the RGA Reinsurance Transaction. The transaction is expected to close in mid-2025, subject to regulatory approval.

Novation

Effective January 17, 2025, Equitable Financial novated certain legacy variable annuity policies sold between 2006-2008, comprised of non-New York “Accumulator” policies containing fixed rate Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit and/or Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefit guarantees reinsured by Venerable under the combined co-insurance and modified coinsurance basis agreement executed on June 1, 2021.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

As a result of the novation of certain Legacy VA policies completed during the first quarter, the Company recorded a loss of $499 million in pre-tax net income and an increase of $263 million in pre-tax AOCI, for a total impact loss of $236 million. The negative impact is mostly driven by the reduction of the Purchase market risk benefits (“MRB”) asset of $2.0 billion and the reduction of Liability for MRBs of $1.6 billion, offset by a decrease in reinsurance deposit liability of $183 million. Purchase MRB asset reduction is larger than the Direct MRB liability reduction since the Venerable reinsurance assets sit in a collateralized trust and thus materially reduce the non-performance risk. Deposit account liability decreases as novation leads to faster amortization of the liability. The novation impact from the base contracts and the contracts in payout status is less material, as the increase in policyholders’ account balance of $33 million and decrease in liability for future policyholders’ benefits of $458 million are largely offset by a decrease in amounts due from reinsurers of $432 million.

2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements (the “consolidated financial statements”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP” or “GAAP”) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to the Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations have been made. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements present the consolidated results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows of the Company and its subsidiaries and those investment companies, partnerships and joint ventures in which the Company has control and a majority economic interest as well as those variable interest entities (“VIEs”) that meet the requirements for consolidation.

All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The terms “first quarter 2025” and “first quarter 2024” refer to the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The terms “first three months of 2025” and “first three months of 2024” refer to the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Future Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements


Description	Effective Date and Method of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statement or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2023-09: Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


Description	Effective Date and Method of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statement or Other Significant Matters
The ASU enhanced existing income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. With regard to the improvements to disclosures of rate reconciliation, a public business entity is required on an annual basis to (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. Similarly, a public entity is required to provide the amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by (1) federal, state, and foreign taxes and by (2) individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid (net of refunds received) is equal to or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). The ASU also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures, for example, an entity is required to provide (1) pretax income (or loss) from continuing operations disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign.	The ASU will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Entities are required to apply the ASU on a prospective basis.	The adoption of ASU 2023-09 is not expected to materially impact the Company’s financial position, results of operation, or cash flows.


ASU 2024-03: Accounting Standards Update No. 2024-03-Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)
This ASU requires a public business entity to disclose specific information about certain costs and expenses in the notes to its financial statements for interim and annual reporting periods. The objective of the disclosure requirements is to provide disaggregated information about a public business entity’s expenses to help investors (a) better understand the entity’s performance, (b) better assess the entity’s prospects for future cash flows, and (c) compare an entity’s performance over time and with that of other entities. The ASU does not change the expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement; rather, it requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories in disclosures within the notes to the financial statements.	The ASU will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Entities are required to apply the ASU on a prospective basis.	The Company is currently assessing the impact to the financial statements of this ASU.

Accounting and Consolidation of VIEs

For all new investment products and entities developed by the Company, the Company first determines whether the entity is a VIE, which involves determining an entity’s variability and variable interests, identifying the holders of the equity investment at risk and assessing the five characteristics of a VIE. Once an entity is determined to be a VIE, the Company then determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of the VIE based on its beneficial interests. If the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, the Company consolidates the entity.

Quarterly, management of the Company reviews its investment management agreements and its investments in, and other financial arrangements with, certain entities that hold client AUM to determine the entities the Company is required to consolidate under this guidance. These entities include certain mutual fund products, hedge funds, structured products, group trusts, collective investment trusts, and limited partnerships.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The analysis performed to identify variable interests held, determine whether entities are VIEs or VOEs, and evaluate whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in such entities requires the exercise of judgment and is updated on a continuous basis as circumstances change or new entities are developed. The primary beneficiary evaluation generally is performed qualitatively based on all facts and circumstances, including consideration of economic interests in the VIE held directly and indirectly through related parties and entities under common control, as well as quantitatively, as appropriate.

Consolidated VIEs

Consolidated CLOs

The Company is the investment manager of certain asset-backed investment vehicles, commonly referred to as CLOs, and certain other vehicles for which the Company earns fee income for investment management services. The Company may sell or syndicate investments through these vehicles, principally as part of the strategic investing activity as part of its investment management businesses. Additionally, the Company may invest in securities issued by these vehicles which are eliminated in consolidation of the CLOs.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, Equitable Financial holds $131 million and $128 million of equity interests in the CLOs. The Company consolidated the CLOs as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 as it is the primary beneficiary due to the combination of both its equity interest held by Equitable Financial and the majority ownership of AB, which functions as the CLO’s loan manager. The assets of the CLOs are legally isolated from the Company’s creditors and can only be used to settle obligations of the CLOs. The liabilities of the CLOs are non-recourse to the Company and the Company has no obligation to satisfy the liabilities of the CLOs. As of March 31, 2025, Equitable Financial holds $0 million of equity interests in a SPE established to purchase loans from the market in anticipation of a new CLO transaction. The Company consolidated the SPE as of March 31, 2025 as it is the primary beneficiary due to the combination of both its equity interest held by Equitable Financial and the majority ownership of AB, which functions as the SPE loan manager.

Resulting from this consolidation in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets are fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option with total assets of $2.1 billion and $2.1 billion and total liabilities of $2.1 billion and $2.1 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The unpaid outstanding principal balance of the notes and short-term borrowing is $1.9 billion and $1.9 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Consolidated Limited Partnerships and LLCs

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company consolidated limited partnerships and LLCs for which it was identified as the primary beneficiary under the VIE model. Included in other invested assets, mortgage loans on real estate, other equity investments, trading securities, cash and other liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are total net assets of $2.4 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively related to these VIEs.

Consolidated AB-Sponsored Investment Funds

Included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are assets of $309 million and $85 million, liabilities of $16 million and $0 million, and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $189 million and $32 million, respectively, associated with the consolidation of AB-sponsored investment funds under the VIE model. Also included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are assets of $60 million and $73 million, liabilities of $3 million and $1 million, and redeemable noncontrolling interests of $13 million and $17 million, respectively, from consolidation of AB-sponsored investment funds under the VOE model.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Non-Consolidated VIEs

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively, the Company held approximately $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion of investment assets in the form of equity interests issued by non-corporate legal entities determined under the guidance to be VIEs, such as limited partnerships and limited liability companies, including CLOs, hedge funds, private equity funds and real estate-related funds. The Company continues to reflect these equity interests in the consolidated balance sheets as other equity investments and applies the equity method of accounting for these positions. The net assets of these non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $371.7 billion and $350.7 billion as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from its direct involvement with these VIEs is the carrying value of its investment of $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion and approximately $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion of unfunded commitments as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company has no further economic interest in these VIEs in the form of guarantees, derivatives, credit enhancements or similar instruments and obligations.

Non-Consolidated AB-Sponsored Investment Products

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the net assets of investment products sponsored by AB that are non-consolidated VIEs are approximately $44.5 billion and $46.9 billion, respectively. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss from its direct involvement with these VIEs is its investment of $13 million and $17 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company has no further commitments to or economic interest in these VIEs.

Revision of Previously Issued Financial Statements

The Company identified an immaterial error related to the initial bookkeeping of ceded accrued fees within policyholders’ account balance ultimately impacting the initial deposit accounting of a reinsurance transaction. The impact of this error to prior periods’ financial statements was not considered to be material. To improve the consistency and comparability of the financial statements, management voluntarily revised the financial statements to include the revisions discussed herein. As a result of the determination to revise previously issued financial statements for the deposit accounting discussed above, management also has corrected other previously identified but uncorrected errors and errors recorded in incorrect periods including, a) pension liability overstatement due to a reconciling item, b) incorrect FX impacting the FABN carrying value, c) incorrect inputs ratio in our MRB modeling and incorrect inputs in the deposit accounting calculation, d) the hedging impact of Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) hedging income was incorrectly recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income, e) error in the manual accrual in an input calculation in the treasury package overstating Policyholders’ account balance and Interest credited to policyholders, f) incorrect actuarial indication impacting the Liability for MRB and Purchase MRB, and g) incorrect allocation of earned premiums to loss ratio impacting reserves.

See Note 20 of the Notes to these Financial Statements for details of the revision.

3) INVESTMENTS

Fixed Maturities AFS

The components of fair value and amortized cost for fixed maturities classified as AFS on the consolidated balance sheets excludes accrued interest receivable because the Company elected to present accrued interest receivable within other assets. Accrued interest receivable on AFS fixed maturities as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $707 million and $693 million, respectively. There was no accrued interest written off for AFS fixed maturities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following tables provide information relating to the Company’s fixed maturities classified as AFS:

AFS Fixed Maturities by Classification


	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in millions)
March 31, 2025
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate (1)	$	54,248	$	7	$	336	$	5,640	$	48,937

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in millions)
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	6,110		—		3		1,359		4,754
States and political subdivisions	469		—		3		83		389
Foreign governments	684		—		1		126		559
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	5,323		—		53		116		5,260
Asset-backed (3)	13,857		—		91		63		13,885
Commercial mortgage-backed	4,485		—		9		338		4,156
Redeemable preferred stock	54		—		3		—		57
Total at March 31, 2025	$	85,230	$	7	$	499	$	7,725	$	77,997

December 31, 2024:
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate (1)	$	55,218	$	2	$	251	$	6,116	$	49,351
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	5,801		—		—		1,513		4,288
States and political subdivisions	472		—		2		88		386
Foreign governments	689		—		1		136		554
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	4,520		—		15		152		4,383
Asset-backed (3)	13,660		—		96		57		13,699
Commercial mortgage-backed	4,301		—		5		385		3,921
Redeemable preferred stock	56		—		3		—		59
Total at December 31, 2024	$	84,717	$	2	$	373	$	8,447	$	76,641

______________

(1)Corporate fixed maturities include both public and private issues.

(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.

(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.

The contractual maturities of AFS fixed maturities as of March 31, 2025 are shown in the table below. Bonds not due at a single maturity date have been included in the table in the final year of maturity. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or pre-pay obligations with or without call or pre-payment penalties.

Contractual Maturities of AFS Fixed Maturities


	Amortized Cost (Less Allowance for Credit Losses)		Fair Value
	(in millions)
March 31, 2025
Contractual maturities:
Due in one year or less	$	2,652	$	2,634
Due in years two through five	15,365		15,068
Due in years six through ten	19,282		18,502
Due after ten years	24,205		18,435
Subtotal	61,504		54,639
Residential mortgage-backed	5,323		5,260
Asset-backed	13,857		13,885
Commercial mortgage-backed	4,485		4,156
Redeemable preferred stock	54		57
Total at March 31, 2025	$	85,223	$	77,997

The following table shows proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) from sales and allowance for credit losses for AFS fixed maturities:

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Proceeds from Sales, Gross Gains (Losses) from Sales and Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell Losses for AFS Fixed Maturities


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Proceeds from sales		$	1,302	$	444
Gross gains on sales		$	2	$	—
Gross losses on sales		$	(3)	$	(24)

Net (increase) decrease in Allowance for Credit and Intent to Sell losses		$	(6)	$	(2)

The following table sets forth the amount of credit loss impairments on AFS fixed maturities held by the Company at the dates indicated and the corresponding changes in such amounts:

AFS Fixed Maturities - Credit and Intent to Sell Loss Impairments


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	47	$	48
Previously recognized impairments on securities that matured, paid, prepaid or sold		—		(4)
Recognized impairments on securities impaired to fair value this period (1)		—		—
Credit losses recognized this period on securities for which credit losses were not previously recognized		5		3
Additional credit losses this period on securities previously impaired		1		1


Balance, end of period		$	53	$	48

______________

(1)Represents circumstances where the Company determined in the current period that it intends to sell the security, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of the security’s amortized cost.

The tables below present a roll-forward of net unrealized investment gains (losses) recognized in AOCI:

Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on AFS Fixed Maturities


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments		Policyholders’ Liabilities		Deferred Income Tax Asset (Liability)		AOCI Gain (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	(8,074)	$	71	$	464	$	(7,539)
Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period	844		—		—		844
Reclassification adjustment:
Included in net income (loss)	8		—		—		8

Other	—		—		(8)		(8)
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses)	—		(5)		(178)		(183)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses	(7,222)		66		278		(6,878)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses	(4)		—		1		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	(7,226)	$	66	$	279	$	(6,881)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Balance, beginning of period	$	(6,999)	$	50	$	226	$	(6,723)

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


Net investment gains (losses) arising during the period	(683)		—		—		(683)
Reclassification adjustment:
Included in net income (loss)	26		—		—		26

Other	—		—		(3)		(3)
Impact of net unrealized investment gains (losses)	—		13		134		147
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) excluding credit losses	(7,656)		63		357		(7,236)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) with credit losses	(4)		—		1		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	(7,660)	$	63	$	358	$	(7,239)

The following tables disclose the fair values and gross unrealized losses of the 4,032 issues as of March 31, 2025 and the 4,307 issues as of December 31, 2024 that are not deemed to have credit losses, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for the specified periods at the dates indicated:

AFS Fixed Maturities in an Unrealized Loss Position for Which No Allowance Is Recorded


	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
	(in millions)
March 31, 2025
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate	$	7,477	$	121	$	28,052	$	5,515	$	35,529	$	5,636
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	106		2		4,284		1,357		4,390		1,359
States and political subdivisions	—		—		276		83		276		83
Foreign governments	26		—		462		126		488		126
Residential mortgage-backed	799		8		858		108		1,657		116
Asset-backed	2,684		11		763		52		3,447		63
Commercial mortgage-backed	441		3		2,905		335		3,346		338

Total at March 31, 2025	$	11,533	$	145	$	37,600	$	7,576	$	49,133	$	7,721

December 31, 2024:
Fixed Maturities:
Corporate	$	9,147	$	205	$	28,684	$	5,901	$	37,831	$	6,106
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	117		4		4,107		1,509		4,224		1,513
States and political subdivisions	40		—		271		88		311		88
Foreign governments	59		1		460		135		519		136
Residential mortgage-backed	1,986		26		851		126		2,837		152
Asset-backed	974		7		692		50		1,666		57
Commercial mortgage-backed	409		6		2,893		379		3,302		385

Total at December 31, 2024	$	12,732	$	249	$	37,958	$	8,188	$	50,690	$	8,437

The Company maintains a diversified portfolio of AFS securities across industries and issuers and does not have exposure to any single issuer in excess of 0.4% of total fixed maturities. The largest exposure to a single issuer held as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $350 million and $400 million, respectively, representing 8.3% and 11.7% of the consolidated equity of the Company.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Corporate high yield securities, consisting primarily of public high yield bonds, are classified as other than investment grade by the various rating agencies, i.e., a rating below Baa3/BBB- or the NAIC Designation (as defined below) of 3 (medium investment grade), 4 or 5 (below investment grade) or 6 (in or near default). As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, approximately $1.9 billion and $1.9 billion, or 2.2% and 2.3%, of the $85.2 billion and $84.7 billion aggregate amortized cost of fixed maturities held by the Company were considered to be other than investment grade. These securities had gross unrealized losses of $60 million and $64 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the $7.6 billion and $8.2 billion of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were primarily concentrated in corporate securities. In accordance with the policy described in Note 2 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company concluded that an adjustment to the allowance for credit losses for these securities was not warranted at either March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company neither intended to sell the securities nor was it more likely than not required to dispose of the securities before the anticipated recovery of their remaining amortized cost basis.

Based on the Company’s evaluation both qualitatively and quantitatively of the drivers of the decline in fair value of fixed maturity securities as of March 31, 2025, the Company determined that the unrealized loss was primarily due to increases in interest rates and credit spreads.

Securities Lending

The Company enters into securities lending agreements with an agent bank whereby blocks of securities are loaned to third parties, primarily major brokerage firms. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of loaned securities was $974 million and $134 million. The agreements require a minimum of 102% of the fair value of the loaned securities to be held as cash or security collateral, calculated daily. We do not have the right to sell or pledge the securities posted as collateral. To further minimize the credit risks related to these programs, the financial condition of counterparties is monitored on a regular basis. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, collateral received in the amount of $998 million and $137 million, of which $146 million and $137 million, respectively, is cash collateral. A securities lending payable for the overnight and continuous loans is included in other liabilities in the amount of cash collateral received. Securities lending transactions are used to generate income. Income and expenses associated with these transactions are reported as Net investment income and were not material for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate

Accrued interest receivable on commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was $102 million and $96 million, respectively. There was no accrued interest written off for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

There were no mortgage loans foreclosed during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Allowance for Credit Losses on Mortgage Loans

The change in the allowance for credit losses for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Allowance for credit losses on mortgage loans:
Commercial mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period		$	259	$	272
Current-period provision for expected credit losses		(5)		16
Write-offs charged against the allowance		—		—
Recoveries of amounts previously written off		—		—
Net change in allowance		(5)		16
Balance, end of period		$	254	$	288

Agricultural mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period		$	15	$	6
Current-period provision for expected credit losses		(2)		—
Write-offs charged against the allowance		—		—
Recoveries of amounts previously written off		—		—
Net change in allowance		(2)		—
Balance, end of period		$	13	$	6

Residential mortgages:
Balance, beginning of period		$	4	$	1
Current-period provision for expected credit losses		1		2
Write-offs charged against the allowance		—		—
Recoveries of amounts previously written off		—		—
Net change in allowance		1		2
Balance, end of period		$	5	$	3

Total allowance for credit losses		$	272	$	297

The change in the allowance for credit losses is attributable to:

•increases/decreases in the loan balance due to new originations, maturing mortgages, and loan amortization; and

•changes in credit quality and economic assumptions.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Credit Quality Information

The Company’s commercial and agricultural mortgage loans segregated by risk rating exposure were as follows:

Loan to Value (“LTV”) Ratios (1) (3)


	March 31, 2025
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
0% - 50%	$	—	$	185	$	334	$	137	$	210	$	1,710	$	—	$	—	$	2,576
50% - 70%	618		1,428		933		1,621		628		2,421		404		271		8,324
70% - 90%	—		73		246		842		918		1,553		109		205		3,946
90% plus	—		—		—		467		322		1,475		—		—		2,264
Total commercial	$	618	$	1,686	$	1,513	$	3,067	$	2,078	$	7,159	$	513	$	476	$	17,110

Agricultural:
0% - 50%	$	27	$	47	$	102	$	157	$	201	$	1,123	$	—	$	—	$	1,657
50% - 70%	18		158		54		126		129		402		—		—		887
70% - 90%	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
90% plus	—		—		—		—		—		16		—		—		16
Total agricultural	$	45	$	205	$	156	$	283	$	330	$	1,541	$	—	$	—	$	2,560


Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
0% - 50%	$	27	$	232	$	436	$	294	$	411	$	2,833	$	—	$	—	$	4,233
50% - 70%	636		1,586		987		1,747		757		2,823		404		271		9,211
70% - 90%	—		73		246		842		918		1,553		109		205		3,946
90% plus	—		—		—		467		322		1,491		—		—		2,280
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans	$	663	$	1,891	$	1,669	$	3,350	$	2,408	$	8,700	$	513	$	476	$	19,670

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Debt Service Coverage (“DSC”) Ratios (2) (3)


	March 31, 2025
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
Greater than 2.0x	$	67	$	208	$	175	$	949	$	1,232	$	4,034	$	—	$	—	$	6,665
1.8x to 2.0x	—		103		—		50		149		974		113		252		1,641
1.5x to 1.8x	84		471		211		654		—		1,058		50		188		2,716
1.2x to 1.5x	391		716		515		481		602		709		—		—		3,414
1.0x to 1.2x	76		188		602		713		78		339		350		36		2,382
Less than 1.0x	—		—		10		220		17		45		—		—		292
Total commercial	$	618	$	1,686	$	1,513	$	3,067	$	2,078	$	7,159	$	513	$	476	$	17,110

Agricultural:
Greater than 2.0x	$	2	$	11	$	5	$	40	$	34	$	211	$	—	$	—	$	303
1.8x to 2.0x	2		10		17		23		53		103		—		—		208
1.5x to 1.8x	2		48		11		44		27		288		—		—		420
1.2x to 1.5x	19		46		46		88		138		522		—		—		859
1.0x to 1.2x	9		71		46		63		68		381		—		—		638
Less than 1.0x	11		19		31		25		10		36		—		—		132
Total agricultural	$	45	$	205	$	156	$	283	$	330	$	1,541	$	—	$	—	$	2,560


Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Greater than 2.0x	$	69	$	219	$	180	$	989	$	1,266	$	4,245	$	—	$	—	$	6,968
1.8x to 2.0x	2		113		17		73		202		1,077		113		252		1,849
1.5x to 1.8x	86		519		222		698		27		1,346		50		188		3,136
1.2x to 1.5x	410		762		561		569		740		1,231		—		—		4,273
1.0x to 1.2x	85		259		648		776		146		720		350		36		3,020
Less than 1.0x	11		19		41		245		27		81		—		—		424
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans	$	663	$	1,891	$	1,669	$	3,350	$	2,408	$	8,700	$	513	$	476	$	19,670

______________

(1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan.

(2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.

(3)Residential mortgage loans are excluded from the above tables.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

LTV Ratios (1) (3)


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
0% - 50%	$	185	$	363	$	137	$	212	$	269	$	1,548	$	—	$	—	$	2,714
50% - 70%	1,501		910		1,622		628		318		2,083		441		201		7,704
70% - 90%	—		246		707		918		396		1,187		101		206		3,761
90% plus	—		—		616		322		309		1,290		—		—		2,537
Total commercial	$	1,686	$	1,519	$	3,082	$	2,080	$	1,292	$	6,108	$	542	$	407	$	16,716

Agricultural:
0% - 50%	$	49	$	98	$	160	$	202	$	269	$	882	$	—	$	—	$	1,660
50% - 70%	160		59		126		130		144		273		—		—		892
70% - 90%	—		—		—		—		—		16		—		—		16
90% plus	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total agricultural	$	209	$	157	$	286	$	332	$	413	$	1,171	$	—	$	—	$	2,568


Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
0% - 50%	$	234	$	461	$	297	$	414	$	538	$	2,430	$	—	$	—	$	4,374
50% - 70%	1,661		969		1,748		758		462		2,356		441		201		8,596
70% - 90%	—		246		707		918		396		1,203		101		206		3,777
90% plus	—		—		616		322		309		1,290		—		—		2,537
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans	$	1,895	$	1,676	$	3,368	$	2,412	$	1,705	$	7,279	$	542	$	407	$	19,284

DSC Ratios (2) (3)


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in millions)
Commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Commercial:
Greater than 2.0x	$	208	$	176	$	609	$	1,255	$	916	$	3,318	$	—	$	—	$	6,482
1.8x to 2.0x	103		75		50		149		376		607		176		182		1,718
1.5x to 1.8x	472		211		727		—		—		1,060		44		189		2,703
1.2x to 1.5x	756		566		542		433		—		661		—		—		2,958

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in millions)
1.0x to 1.2x	147		482		643		193		—		359		322		36		2,182
Less than 1.0x	—		9		511		50		—		103		—		—		673
Total commercial	$	1,686	$	1,519	$	3,082	$	2,080	$	1,292	$	6,108	$	542	$	407	$	16,716

Agricultural:
Greater than 2.0x	$	12	$	5	$	41	$	34	$	57	$	157	$	—	$	—	$	306
1.8x to 2.0x	11		17		24		54		28		79		—		—		213
1.5x to 1.8x	49		11		44		27		120		175		—		—		426
1.2x to 1.5x	47		46		89		138		113		422		—		—		855
1.0x to 1.2x	71		47		63		68		87		307		—		—		643
Less than 1.0x	19		31		25		11		8		31		—		—		125
Total agricultural	$	209	$	157	$	286	$	332	$	413	$	1,171	$	—	$	—	$	2,568


Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans:
Greater than 2.0x	$	220	$	181	$	650	$	1,289	$	973	$	3,475	$	—	$	—	$	6,788
1.8x to 2.0x	114		92		74		203		404		686		176		182		1,931
1.5x to 1.8x	521		222		771		27		120		1,235		44		189		3,129
1.2x to 1.5x	803		612		631		571		113		1,083		—		—		3,813
1.0x to 1.2x	218		529		706		261		87		666		322		36		2,825
Less than 1.0x	19		40		536		61		8		134		—		—		798
Total commercial and agricultural mortgage loans	$	1,895	$	1,676	$	3,368	$	2,412	$	1,705	$	7,279	$	542	$	407	$	19,284

______________

(1)The LTV ratio is derived from current loan balance divided by the fair value of the property. The fair value of the underlying commercial properties is updated annually for each mortgage loan.

(2)The DSC ratio is calculated using the most recently reported operating income results from property operations divided by annual debt service.

(3)Residential mortgage loans are excluded from the above tables.

The amortized cost of residential mortgage loans by credit quality indicator and origination year was as follows:


	March 31, 2025
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Total
	(in millions)
Performance indicators:
Performing	$	437	$	414	$	183	$	129	$	3	$	2	$	1,168
Nonperforming	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	437	$	414	$	183	$	129	$	3	$	2	$	1,168

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2019		Prior		Total
	(in millions)
Performance indicators:
Performing	$	313	$	428	$	186	$	133	$	4	$	2	$	1,066
Nonperforming	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	313	$	428	$	186	$	133	$	4	$	2	$	1,066

Past-Due and Nonaccrual Mortgage Loan Status

The aging analysis of past-due mortgage loans were as follows:

Age Analysis of Past Due Mortgage Loans (1)


	Accruing Loans												Non-accruing Loans		Total Loans		Non-accruing Loans with No Allowance		Interest Income on Non-accruing Loans
	Past Due								Current		Total
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days or More		Total
	(in millions)
March 31, 2025:
Mortgage loans:
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	17,053	$	17,053	$	57	$	17,110	$	—	$	—
Agricultural	46		6		65		117		2,408		2,525		35		2,560		16		—
Residential	—		—		2		2		1,165		1,167		1		1,168		—		—
Total	$	46	$	6	$	67	$	119	$	20,626	$	20,745	$	93	$	20,838	$	16	$	—

December 31, 2024:
Mortgage loans:
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	16,659	$	16,659	$	57	$	16,716	$	—	$	1
Agricultural	12		1		33		46		2,486		2,532		36		2,568		—		—
Residential	—		1		—		1		1,065		1,066		—		1,066		—		—
Total	$	12	$	2	$	33	$	47	$	20,210	$	20,257	$	93	$	20,350	$	—	$	1

______________

(1)Amounts presented at amortized cost basis.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the amortized cost of problem mortgage loans that had been classified as non-accrual loans were $37 million and $36 million, respectively.

Loan Modifications

There were no loan modifications during the three months ended March 31, 2025. During 2024, the Company granted a modification splitting a commercial mortgage loan into two notes. One note retaining the original loan terms and the second note with an increased interest rate to market terms and required management of excess cash. The loan has an amortized cost of $65 million. The impact to Investment income or gains (losses) as a result of this modification was not material to the consolidated financial statements.

During 2023, the Company granted a modification of interest rates on four commercial mortgage loans, but not to market terms and required management of excess cash. The loans have an amortized cost of $228 million which represents 1.3% of total commercial mortgage loans. Two of the four loans also have term extensions of 17 months to 4 years. The impact to Investment income or gains (losses) as a result of these modifications was not material to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The above modifications are performing in accordance with their restructured terms.

Equity Securities

The breakdown of unrealized and realized gains and (losses) on equity securities was as follows:

Unrealized and Realized Gains (Losses) from Equity Securities


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period		$	—	$	15
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period		—		(1)
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on equity securities		$	—	$	14

Trading Securities

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the fair value of the Company’s trading securities was $1.2 billion and $1.1 billion. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, trading securities included the General Account’s investment in Separate Accounts had carrying values of $54 million and $64 million.

The breakdown of net investment income (loss) from trading securities was as follows:

Net Investment Income (Loss) from Trading Securities


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period		$	(17)	$	36
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period		16		1
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) on trading securities		(1)		37
Interest and dividend income from trading securities		9		11
Net investment income (loss) from trading securities		$	8	$	48

Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option

The breakdown of net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option were as follows:

Net Investment Income (Loss) from Fixed Maturities, at Fair Value using the Fair Value Option


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized during the period on securities held at the end of the period		$	7	$	(3)
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on securities sold during the period		2		1
Unrealized and realized gains (losses) from fixed maturities		9		(2)
Interest and dividend income from fixed maturities		—		5
Net investment income (loss) from fixed maturities		$	9	$	3

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Net Investment Income

The following tables provides the components of Net investment income by investment type:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Fixed maturities		$	936	$	812
Mortgage loans on real estate		260		234
Other equity investments		44		60
Policy loans		55		54
Trading securities		8		48
Other investment income		(23)		25
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option		9		3
Gross investment income (loss)		1,289		1,236
Investment expenses		(41)		(26)
Net investment income (loss)		$	1,248	$	1,210

Investment Gains (Losses), Net

Investment gains (losses), net, including changes in the valuation allowances and credit losses were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Fixed maturities		$	(8)	$	(26)
Mortgage loans on real estate		(7)		(18)

Other		1		5
Investment gains (losses), net		$	(14)	$	(39)

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, investment results passed through to certain participating group annuity contracts as interest credited to policyholders’ account balances totaled $0 million and $0 million.

4) DERIVATIVES

The Company uses derivatives as part of its overall asset/liability risk management primarily to reduce exposures to equity market and interest rate risks. Derivative hedging strategies are designed to reduce these risks from an economic perspective and are all executed within the framework of a “Derivative Use Plan” approved by applicable states’ insurance law. Derivatives are generally not accounted for using hedge accounting, with the exception of TIPS and cash flow hedges, which are discussed further below. Operation of these hedging programs is based on models involving numerous estimates and assumptions, including, among others, mortality, lapse, surrender and withdrawal rates, election rates, fund performance, market volatility and interest rates. A wide range of derivative contracts are used in these hedging programs, including exchange traded equity, currency and interest rate futures contracts, total return and/or other equity swaps, interest rate swap and floor contracts, bond and bond-index total return swaps, swaptions, variance swaps and equity options, credit and foreign exchange derivatives, as well as bond and repo transactions to support the hedging. The derivative contracts are collectively managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in guaranteed benefits’ exposures attributable to movements in capital markets. In addition, as part of its hedging strategy, the Company targets an asset level for all variable annuity products at or above a CTE98 level under most economic scenarios (CTE is a statistical measure of tail risk which quantifies the total asset requirement (“TAR”) to sustain a loss if an event outside a given probability level has occurred. CTE98 denotes the financial resources a company would need to cover the average of the worst 2% of scenarios.)

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Derivatives Utilized to Hedge Exposure to Variable Annuities with Guarantee Features

The Company has issued and continues to offer variable annuity products with GMxB features which are accounted for as MRBs. The risk associated with the GMDB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in GMDB benefits, in the event of death, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support. The risk associated with the GMIB feature is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the present value of GMIB, in the event of annuitization, being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support, taking into account the relationship between current annuity purchase rates and the GMIB guaranteed annuity purchase rates. The risk associated with products that have a GMxB feature and are accounted for as MRBs is that under-performance of the financial markets could result in the GMxB features benefits being higher than what accumulated policyholders’ account balances would support.

For GMxB features, the Company retains certain risks including basis, credit spread, and some volatility risk and risk associated with actual experience compared to expected actuarial assumptions for mortality, lapse and surrender, withdrawal and policyholder election rates, among other things. The derivative contracts are managed to correlate with changes in the value of the GMxB features that result from financial markets movements. A portion of exposure to realized equity volatility is hedged using equity options and variance swaps and a portion of exposure to credit risk is hedged using total return swaps on fixed income indices. Additionally, the Company is party to total return swaps for which the reference U.S. Treasury securities are contemporaneously purchased from the market and sold to the swap counterparty. As these transactions result in a transfer of control of the U.S. Treasury securities to the swap counterparty, the Company derecognizes these securities with consequent gain or loss from the sale. The Company has also purchased reinsurance contracts to mitigate the risks associated with GMDB features and the impact of potential market fluctuations on future policyholder elections of GMIB features contained in certain annuity contracts issued by the Company. The reinsurance of these features is accounted for as purchased MRBs. In addition, on June 1, 2021, we ceded legacy variable annuity policies sold by Equitable Financial between 2006-2008 (the “Block”), comprised of non-New York “Accumulator” policies containing fixed rate GMIB and/or GMDB guarantees to CS Life. As this contract provides full risk transfer and thus has the same risk attributes as the underlying direct contracts, the benefits of this treaty are accounted for in the same manner as the underlying gross reserves and therefore the amounts due from reinsurers related to excess benefits are accounted for as purchased MRBs.

The Company has in place an economic hedge program using U.S. Treasury futures to partially protect the overall profitability of future variable annuity sales against declining interest rates.

Derivatives Utilized to Hedge Crediting Rate Exposure on SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL Products/Investment Options

The Company hedges crediting rates in the SCS variable annuity, SIO in the EQUI-VEST variable annuity series, MSO in the variable life insurance products and IUL insurance products. These products permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an index, ETF or commodity price movement up to a cap for a set period of time. They also contain a protection feature, in which the Company will absorb, up to a certain percentage, the loss of value in an index, ETF or commodity price, which varies by product segment.

In order to support the returns associated with these features, the Company enters into derivative contracts whose payouts, in combination with fixed income investments, emulate those of the index, ETF or commodity price, subject to caps and buffers, thereby substantially reducing any exposure to market-related earnings volatility.

Derivatives Used to Hedge Equity Market Risks Associated with the General Account’s Seed Money Investments in Retail Mutual Funds

The Company’s General Account seed money investments in retail mutual funds expose us to market risk, including equity market risk which is partially hedged through equity-index futures contracts to minimize such risk.

Derivatives Used for General Account Investment Portfolio

The Company purchased CDS to mitigate its exposure to a reference entity through cash positions. These positions do not replicate credit spreads.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The Company purchased 30-year TIPS and other sovereign bonds, both inflation linked and non-inflation linked, as General Account investments and enters into asset or cross-currency basis swaps, to result in payment of the given bond’s coupons and principal at maturity in the bond’s specified currency to the swap counterparty in return for fixed dollar amounts. These swaps, when considered in combination with the bonds, together result in a net position that is intended to replicate a dollar-denominated fixed-coupon cash bond with a yield higher than a term-equivalent U.S. Treasury bond.

Derivatives Utilized to Hedge Exposure to Foreign Currency Denominated Cash Flows

The Company purchases private placement debt securities and issues funding agreements in the FABN program in currencies other than its functional U.S. dollar currency. The Company enters into cross currency swaps with external counterparties to hedge the exposure of the foreign currency denominated cash flows of these instruments. The foreign currency received from or paid to the cross currency swap counterparty is exchanged for fixed U.S. dollar amounts with improved net investment yields or net product costs over equivalent U.S. dollar denominated instruments issued at that time. The transactions are accounted for as cash flow hedges when they are designated in hedging relationships and qualify for hedge accounting.

These cross currency swaps are for the period the foreign currency denominated private placement debt securities and funding agreement are outstanding, with the longest cross currency swap expiring in 2033. Since these cross currency swaps are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the corresponding interest accruals are recognized in Net investment income and in interest credited to policyholders’ account balances.

The tables below present quantitative disclosures about the Company’s derivative instruments designated in hedging relationships and derivative instruments which have not been designated in hedging relationships, including those embedded in other contracts required to be accounted for as derivative instruments.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table presents the gross notional amount and fair value of the Company’s derivatives:

Derivative Instruments by Category


	March 31, 2025								December 31, 2024
			Fair Value								Fair Value
	Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Net Derivatives		Notional Amount		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Net Derivatives
	(in millions)
Derivatives: designated for hedge accounting (1)
Cash flow hedges:
Currency swaps	$	3,081	$	115	$	89	$	26	$	2,940	$	111	$	95	$	16
Interest swaps	952		—		339		(339)		952		—		306		(306)
Total: designated for hedge accounting	4,033		115		428		(313)		3,892		111		401		(290)
Derivatives: not designated for hedge accounting (1)
Equity contracts:
Futures	17,730		1		—		1		14,530		3		—		3
Swaps	15,638		69		20		49		16,264		65		19		46
Options	67,942		17,444		3,819		13,625		70,685		20,647		4,319		16,328
Interest rate contracts:
Futures	10,701		—		—		—		9,310		—		—		—
Swaps	629		8		3		5		672		—		41		(41)
Options	50		6		—		6		—		—		—		—
Credit contracts:
Credit default swaps	317		1		6		(5)		275		12		10		2
Currency contracts:
Currency swaps	900		2		26		(24)		828		26		—		26
Currency forwards	76		15		15		—		28		17		17		—
Other freestanding contracts:
Margin	—		1,007		—		1,007		—		796		—		796
Collateral	—		122		14,073		(13,951)		—		137		16,908		(16,771)
Total: not designated for hedge accounting	113,983		18,675		17,962		713		112,592		21,703		21,314		389

Embedded derivatives:
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features (2)	—		—		13,962		(13,962)		—		—		17,212		(17,212)
Total embedded derivatives	—		—		13,962		(13,962)		—		—		17,212		(17,212)

Total derivative instruments	$	118,016	$	18,790	$	32,352	$	(13,562)	$	116,484	$	21,814	$	38,927	$	(17,113)

______________

(1)Reported in other invested assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Reported in policyholders’ account balances in the consolidated balance sheets.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table presents the effects of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income (loss):

Derivative Instruments by Category


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025								Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Net Derivatives Gain (Losses) (1)		Net Investment Income		Interest Credited To Policyholders Account Balances		AOCI		Net Derivatives Gain (Losses) (1)		Net Investment Income		Interest Credited To Policyholders Account Balances		AOCI
	(in millions)
Derivatives: designated for hedge accounting
Cash flow hedges:
Currency swaps	$	—	$	6	$	33	$	(37)	$	—	$	3	$	(18)	$	16
Interest swaps	—		(3)		—		(21)		—		3		—		(7)
Total: designated for hedge accounting	—		3		33		(58)		—		6		(18)		9
Derivatives: not Designated for hedge accounting
Equity contracts:
Futures	(200)		—		—		—		241		—		—		—
Swaps	705		—		—		—		(1,115)		—		—		—
Options	(2,645)		—		—		—		2,795		—		—		—
Interest rate contracts:
Futures	(23)		—		—		—		(9)		—		—		—
Swaps	15		—		—		—		(164)		—		—		—
Options	(1)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Credit contracts:
Credit default swaps	—		—		—		—		(1)		—		—		—
Currency contracts:
Currency swaps	(30)		—		—		—		12		—		—		—
Currency forwards	—		—		—		—		1		—		—		—
Other freestanding contracts:
Margin	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Collateral	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total: not designated for hedge accounting	(2,179)		—		—		—		1,760		—		—		—

Embedded derivatives:
SCS, SIO,MSO and IUL indexed features	2,978		—		—		—		(3,136)		—		—		—
Total embedded derivatives	2,978		—		—		—		(3,136)		—		—		—

Total derivative instruments	$	799	$	3	$	33	$	(58)	$	(1,376)	$	6	$	(18)	$	9

______________

(1)Reported in net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table presents a roll-forward of cash flow hedges recognized in AOCI:

Roll-forward of Cash flow hedges in AOCI


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	80	$	(29)
Amount recorded in AOCI
Currency swaps	10		—
Interest swaps	(29)		(8)
Total amount recorded in AOCI	(19)		(8)
Amount reclassified from (to) income to AOCI
Currency swaps (1)	(47)		16
Interest swaps (1)	8		1
Total amount reclassified from (to) income to AOCI	(39)		17
Balance, end of period (2)	$	22	$	(20)

______________

(1) Currency swaps income is reported in Net investment income in the consolidated statements of income (loss). Interest swaps income is reported in net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss).

(2) The Company does not estimate the amount of the deferred losses in AOCI at March 31, 2025, and 2024 which will be released and reclassified into net income (loss) over the next 12 months as the amounts cannot be reasonably estimated.

Equity-Based and Treasury Futures Contracts Margin

All outstanding equity-based and treasury futures contracts as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are exchange-traded and net settled daily in cash. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the Company had open exchange-traded futures positions on: (i) the S&P 500, Nasdaq, Russell 2000 and Emerging Market indices, having initial margin requirements of $896 million and $704 million, (ii) the 2-year, 5-year and 10-year U.S. Treasury Notes on U.S. Treasury bonds and ultra-long bonds, having initial margin requirements of $124 million and $99 million, and (iii) the Euro Stoxx, FTSE 100, Topix, ASX 200 and EAFE indices as well as corresponding currency futures on the Euro/U.S. dollar, Pound/U.S. dollar, Australian dollar/U.S. dollar, and Yen/U.S. dollar, having initial margin requirements of $12 million and $11 million.

Collateral Arrangements

The Company generally has executed a CSA under the ISDA Master Agreement it maintains with each of its OTC derivative counterparties that requires both posting and accepting collateral either in the form of cash or high-quality securities, such as U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government and government agency securities and investment grade corporate bonds. The Company nets the fair value of all derivative financial instruments with counterparties for which an ISDA Master Agreement and related CSA have been executed. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, the Company held $14.1 billion and $16.9 billion in cash and securities collateral delivered by trade counterparties, representing the fair value of the related derivative agreements. The unrestricted cash collateral is reported in other invested assets. The Company posted collateral of $122 million and $137 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, in the normal operation of its collateral arrangements. The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to financial derivative transactions with a positive fair value. The Company manages credit risk by: (i) entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major international financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties governed by master netting agreements, as applicable; (ii) trading through central clearing and OTC parties; (iii) obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate; and (iv) setting limits on single party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.

Substantially all of the Company’s derivative agreements have zero thresholds which require daily full collateralization by the party in a liability position. In addition, certain of the Company’s derivative agreements contain credit-risk related contingent features; if the credit rating of one of the parties to the derivative agreement is to fall below a certain level, the party with positive fair value could request termination at the then fair value or demand immediate full collateralization from the party whose credit rating fell and is in a net liability position.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no net liability derivative positions with counterparties with credit risk-related contingent features whose credit rating has fallen. All derivatives have been appropriately collateralized by the Company or the counterparty in accordance with the terms of the derivative agreements.

The following tables present information about the Company’s offsetting of financial assets and liabilities and derivative instruments:

Offsetting of Financial Assets and Liabilities and Derivative Instruments

As of March 31, 2025


	Gross Amount Recognized		Gross Amount Offset in the Balance Sheets		Net Amount Presented in the Balance Sheets		Gross Amount not Offset in the Balance Sheets (3)		Net Amount
	(in millions)
Assets:
Derivative assets (1)	$	18,789	$	11,621	$	7,168	$	(6,117)	$	1,051
Secured lending	146		—		146		(852)		(706)
Other financial assets	1,657		—		1,657		—		1,657
Other invested assets	$	20,592	$	11,621	$	8,971	$	(6,969)	$	2,002

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities (2)	$	12,275	$	11,621	$	654	$	—	$	654
Secured lending	146		—		146		—		146
Other financial liabilities	5,900		—		5,900		—		5,900
Other liabilities	$	18,321	$	11,621	$	6,700	$	—	$	6,700

______________

(1)Excludes Asset Management segment’s derivative assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs.

(2)Excludes Asset Management segment’s derivative liabilities of consolidated VIEs/VOEs.

(3)Financial instruments/collateral sent (held).

As of December 31, 2024


	Gross Amount Recognized		Gross Amount Offset in the Balance Sheets		Net Amount Presented in the Balance Sheets		Gross Amount not Offset in the Balance Sheets (3)		Net Amount
	(in millions)
Assets:
Derivative assets (1)	$	21,814	$	14,924	$	6,890	$	(6,080)	$	810
Secured Lending	137		—		137		—		137
Other financial assets	1,510		—		1,510		—		1,510
Other invested assets	$	23,461	$	14,924	$	8,537	$	(6,080)	$	2,457

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities (2)	$	15,634	$	14,924	$	710	$	—	$	710
Secured Lending	137		—		137		—		137
Other financial liabilities	6,185		—		6,185		—		6,185
Other liabilities	$	21,956	$	14,924	$	7,032	$	—	$	7,032

______________

(1)Excludes Asset Management segment’s derivative assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs.

(2)Excludes Asset Management segment’s derivative liabilities of consolidated VIEs/VOEs.

(3)Financial instruments sent (held).

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

5) CLOSED BLOCK

As a result of demutualization, the Company’s Closed Block was established in 1992 for the benefit of certain individual participating policies that were in force on that date. Assets, liabilities and earnings of the Closed Block are specifically identified to support its participating policyholders.

Assets allocated to the Closed Block insure solely to the benefit of the Closed Block policyholders and will not revert to the benefit of the Company. No reallocation, transfer, borrowing or lending of assets can be made between the Closed Block and other portions of the Company’s General Account, any of its Separate Accounts or any affiliate of the Company without the approval of the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “NYDFS”). Closed Block assets and liabilities are carried on the same basis as similar assets and liabilities held in the General Account. For more information on the Closed Block, see Note 6 to the Company's consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Summarized financial information for the Company’s Closed Block is as follows:



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Closed Block Liabilities:
Future policy benefits, policyholders’ account balances and other	$	5,157	$	5,213

Other liabilities	186		62
Total Closed Block liabilities	5,343		5,275

Assets Designated to the Closed Block:
Fixed maturities AFS, at fair value (amortized cost of $2,736 and $2,888) (allowance for credit losses of$0 and$0)	2,629		2,746
Mortgage loans on real estate (net of allowance for credit losses of $22 and $21)	1,525		1,531
Policy loans	515		523
Cash and other invested assets	259		17
Other assets	116		130
Total assets designated to the Closed Block	5,044		4,947

Excess of Closed Block liabilities over assets designated to the Closed Block	299		328
Amounts included in AOCI:
Net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax: $23 and $30	(85)		(112)
Maximum future earnings to be recognized from Closed Block assets and liabilities	$	214	$	216

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The Company’s Closed Block revenues and expenses were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Revenues:
Premiums and other income		$	27	$	29
Net investment income (loss)		51		52
Investment gains (losses), net		(1)		(1)
Total revenues		77		80

Benefits and Other Deductions:
Policyholders’ benefits and dividends		74		77

Total benefits and other deductions		74		77
Net income (loss), before income taxes		3		3
Income tax (expense) benefit		(1)		(1)
Net income (loss)		$	2	$	2

6) DAC AND OTHER DEFERRED ASSETS/LIABILITIES

The following table presents a reconciliation of DAC to the consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31		December 31
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Protection Solutions
Term	$	307	$	314
Universal Life	172		170
Variable Universal Life	1,102		1,083
Indexed Universal Life	186		186
Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	1,604		1,605
EQUI-VEST Individual	154		154
Investment Edge	236		225
SCS	2,018		1,938
Legacy Segment
GMxB Legacy	504		517
Group Retirement
EQUI-VEST Group	771		768
Momentum	82		83
Corporate and Other	105		107
Other	21		20
Total	$	7,262	$	7,170

Annually, or as circumstances warrant, the Company reviews the associated decrements assumptions (i.e., mortality and lapse) based on our multi-year average of companies experience with actuarial judgements to reflect other observable industry trends. In addition to DAC, the unearned revenue liability and sales inducement asset (“SIA”) use similar techniques and quarterly update processes for balance amortization.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Changes in the DAC asset were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Protection Solutions								Individual Retirement								Legacy		Group Retirement				Corporate and Other		Total
	Term		UL		VUL		IUL		GMxB Core		EI		IE		SCS		GMxB Legacy		EG		Momentum		CB (1)
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	314	$	170	$	1,083	$	186	$	1,605	$	154	$	225	$	1,938	$	517	$	768	$	83	$	107	$	7,150
Capitalization	2		5		35		3		37		3		16		157		5		15		3		—		281
Amortization (2)	(9)		(3)		(16)		(3)		(38)		(3)		(5)		(77)		(18)		(12)		(4)		(2)		(190)
Balance, end of period	$	307	$	172	$	1,102	$	186	$	1,604	$	154	$	236	$	2,018	$	504	$	771	$	82	$	105	$	7,241

______________

(1)“CB” defined as Closed Block.

(2)Includes an immaterial impact from Novation. See Note 1 for additional details.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Protection Solutions								Individual Retirement								Legacy		Group Retirement				Corporate and Other		Total
	Term		UL		VUL		IUL		GMxB Core		EI		IE		SCS		GMxB Legacy		EG		Momentum		CB
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	337	$	174	$	987	$	188	$	1,602	$	155	$	172	$	1,571	$	555	$	742	$	82	$	116	$	6,681
Capitalization	4		3		37		2		39		2		12		148		7		15		2		—		271
Amortization (1)	(10)		(3)		(15)		(3)		(37)		(3)		(4)		(64)		(16)		(10)		(4)		(2)		(171)
Balance, end of period	$	331	$	174	$	1,009	$	187	$	1,604	$	154	$	180	$	1,655	$	546	$	747	$	80	$	114	$	6,781

______________

(1) DAC amortization of $1 million related to Other not reflected in table above.

Changes in the Individual Retirement sales inducement assets were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025				2024
	GMxB Core		GMxB Legacy		GMxB Core		GMxB Legacy
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	117	$	160	$	127	$	179
Capitalization	—		—		1		—
Amortization	(3)		(5)		(3)		(5)
Balance, end of period	$	114	$	155	$	125	$	174

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Changes in the Protection Solutions unearned revenue liability were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025						2024
	UL		VUL		IUL		UL		VUL		IUL
	(in millions)

Balance, beginning of period	$	114	$	840	$	250	$	107	$	754	$	210
Capitalization	3		37		12		4		32		14
Amortization	(2)		(13)		(4)		(2)		(12)		(3)
Balance, end of period	$	115	$	864	$	258	$	109	$	774	$	221

7) FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

U.S. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value, and identifies three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. Level 1 fair values generally are supported by market transactions that occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar instruments, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and inputs to model-derived valuations that are directly observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity and often requiring significant management judgment or estimation, such as an entity’s own assumptions about the cash flows or other significant components of value that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure fair value for those instruments that are actively traded in financial markets. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured using present value or other valuation techniques. The fair value determinations are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about the financial instrument, including estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of counterparties. Such adjustments do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument, nor do they consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In many cases, the fair value can neither be substantiated by direct comparison to independent markets, nor can the disclosed value be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument.

Management is responsible for the determination of the value of investments carried at fair value and the supporting methodologies and assumptions. Under the terms of various service agreements, the Company often utilizes independent valuation service providers to gather, analyze, and interpret market information and derive fair values based upon relevant methodologies and assumptions for individual securities. These independent valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of widely accepted valuation models, provide a single fair value measurement for individual securities for which a fair value has been requested. As further described below with respect to specific asset classes, these inputs include, but are not limited to, market prices for recent trades and transactions in comparable securities, benchmark yields, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, quoted prices for similar securities, and other market-observable information, as applicable. Specific attributes of the security being valued are also considered, including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector, and when applicable, collateral quality and other security- or issuer-specific information. When insufficient market observable information is available upon which to measure fair value, the Company either will request brokers knowledgeable about these securities to provide a non-binding quote or will employ internal valuation models. Fair values received from independent valuation service providers and brokers and those internally modeled or otherwise estimated are assessed for reasonableness.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2025


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in millions)
Assets:
Investments
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate (1)	$	—	$	47,106	$	1,831	$	48,937
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	—		4,754		—		4,754
States and political subdivisions	—		389		—		389
Foreign governments	—		559		—		559
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	—		5,260		—		5,260
Asset-backed (3)	—		13,237		648		13,885
Commercial mortgage-backed	—		4,148		8		4,156
Redeemable preferred stock	—		57		—		57
Total fixed maturities, AFS	—		75,510		2,487		77,997
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option	—		1,842		263		2,105
Other equity investments (4)	311		260		16		587
Trading securities	406		688		109		1,203
Other invested assets:
Short-term investments	—		50		—		50
Assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs	18		324		2		344
Swaps	—		(283)		—		(283)
Credit default swaps	—		(5)		—		(5)
Futures	1		—		—		1
Options	—		13,631		—		13,631
Total other invested assets	19		13,717		2		13,738
Cash equivalents	5,462		530		—		5,992
Segregated securities	—		772		—		772
Purchased market risk benefits	—		—		5,976		5,976
Assets for market risk benefits	—		—		644		644
Separate Accounts assets (5)	121,586		2,476		—		124,062
Total Assets	$	127,784	$	95,795	$	9,497	$	233,076

Liabilities:
Notes issued by consolidated VIE’s, at fair value using the fair value option (6)	$	—	$	1,931	$	168	$	2,099
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability	—		13,962		—		13,962

Liabilities for market risk benefits	—		—		10,864		10,864
Contingent payment arrangements	—		—		8		8
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	15,893	$	11,040	$	26,933

______________

(1)Corporate fixed maturities includes both public and private issues.

(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.

(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.

(4)Includes short position equity securities of $21 million that are reported in other liabilities.

(5)Separate Accounts assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate. As of March 31, 2025, the fair value of such investments was $302 million.

(6)Accrued interest payable of $11 million is reported in Notes issued by consolidated VIE’s, at fair value using the fair value option in the consolidated balance sheets, which is not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024


	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in millions)
Assets:
Investments
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate (1)	$	—	$	46,879	$	2,472	$	49,351
U.S. Treasury, government and agency	—		4,288		—		4,288
States and political subdivisions	—		386		—		386
Foreign governments	—		554		—		554
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	—		4,383		—		4,383
Asset-backed (3)	—		13,467		232		13,699
Commercial mortgage-backed (2)	—		3,913		8		3,921
Redeemable preferred stock	—		59		—		59
Total fixed maturities, AFS	—		73,929		2,712		76,641
Fixed maturities, at fair value using the fair value option	—		1,778		275		2,053
Other equity investments (4)	319		251		53		623
Trading securities	433		576		80		1,089
Other invested assets:
Short-term investments	—		36		—		36
Assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs	16		137		2		155
Swaps	—		(259)		—		(259)
Credit default swaps	—		2		—		2
Futures	3		—		—		3
Options	—		16,328		—		16,328
Total other invested assets	19		16,244		2		16,265
Cash equivalents	5,356		45		—		5,401
Segregated securities	2		498		—		500
Purchased market risk benefits	—		—		7,376		7,376
Assets for market risk benefits	—		—		863		863
Separate Accounts assets (5)	131,714		2,489		—		134,203
Total Assets	$	137,843	$	95,810	$	11,361	$	245,014

Liabilities:
Notes issued by consolidated VIE’s, at fair value using the fair value option (6)	$	—	$	1,933	$	172	$	2,105
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability	—		17,212		—		17,212

Liabilities for market risk benefits	—		—		11,810		11,810
Contingent payment arrangements	—		—		9		9
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	19,145	$	11,991	$	31,136

______________

(1)Corporate fixed maturities includes both public and private issues.

(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.

(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.

(4)Includes short position equity securities of $20 million that are reported in other liabilities.

(5)Separate Accounts assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate. As of December 31, 2024, the fair value of such investments was $320 million.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Public Fixed Maturities

The fair values of the Company’s public fixed maturities, including those accounted for using the fair value option, are generally based on prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and for which the Company maintains a vendor hierarchy by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. Although each security generally is priced by multiple independent valuation service providers, the Company ultimately uses the price received from the independent valuation service provider highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type, with limited exception. To validate reasonableness, prices also are internally reviewed by those with relevant expertise through comparison with directly observed recent market trades. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy, public fixed maturities validated in this manner generally are reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs.

Private Fixed Maturities

The fair values of the Company’s private fixed maturities, including those accounted for using the fair value option are determined from prices obtained from independent valuation service providers. Prices not obtained from an independent valuation service provider are determined by using a discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique. In certain cases, these models use observable inputs with a discount rate based upon the average of spread surveys collected from private market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, taking into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associated with private placements. Generally, these securities have been reflected within Level 2. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique may also incorporate unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value measurement of a security, a Level 3 classification generally is made.

Notes issued by consolidated VIE’s, at fair value using the fair value option

These notes are based on the fair values of corresponding fixed maturity collateral. The CLO liabilities are also reduced by the fair value of the beneficial interests the Company retains in the CLO and the carrying value of any beneficial interests that represent compensation for services. As the notes are valued based on the reference collateral, they are classified as Level 2 or 3.

Freestanding Derivative Positions

The net fair value of the Company’s freestanding derivative positions as disclosed in Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements are generally based on prices obtained either from independent valuation service providers or derived by applying market inputs from recognized vendors into industry standard pricing models. The majority of these derivative contracts are traded in the OTC derivative market and are classified in Level 2. The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities traded in the OTC market are determined using quantitative models that require use of the contractual terms of the derivative instruments and multiple market inputs, including interest rates, prices, and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, including overnight index swap curves, and volatility factors, which then are applied to value the positions. The predominance of market inputs is actively quoted and can be validated through external sources or reliably interpolated if less observable.

Level Classifications of the Company’s Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments Classified as Level 1

Investments classified as Level 1 primarily include redeemable preferred stock, trading securities, cash equivalents and Separate Accounts assets. Fair value measurements classified as Level 1 include exchange-traded prices of fixed maturities, equity securities and derivative contracts, and NAV for transacting subscriptions and redemptions of mutual fund shares held by Separate Accounts. Cash equivalents classified as Level 1 include money market accounts, overnight commercial paper and highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less and are carried at cost as a proxy for fair value measurement due to their short-term nature.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Financial Instruments Classified as Level 2

Investments classified as Level 2 are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and primarily include U.S. government and agency securities, certain corporate debt securities and financial assets and liabilities accounted for using the fair value option, such as public and private fixed maturities. As market quotes generally are not readily available or accessible for these securities, their fair value measures are determined utilizing relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable securities and often are based on model pricing techniques that effectively discount prospective cash flows to present value using appropriate sector-adjusted credit spreads commensurate with the security’s duration, also taking into consideration issuer-specific credit quality and liquidity. Segregated securities classified as Level 2 are U.S. Treasury bills segregated by AB in a special reserve bank custody account for the exclusive benefit of brokerage customers, as required by Rule 15c3-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)and for which fair values are based on quoted yields in secondary markets.

Observable inputs generally used to measure the fair value of securities classified as Level 2 include benchmark yields, reported secondary trades, issuer spreads, benchmark securities and other reference data. Additional observable inputs are used when available, and as may be appropriate, for certain security types, such as pre-payment, default, and collateral information for the purpose of measuring the fair value of mortgage- and asset-backed securities. The Company’s AAA-rated mortgage- and asset-backed securities are classified as Level 2 for which the observability of market inputs to their pricing models is supported by sufficient, albeit more recently contracted, market activity in these sectors.

Certain Company products, such as the SCS, EQUI-VEST variable annuity products, IUL and the MSO fund available in some life contracts, offer investment options which permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an index, ETF or commodity price. These investment options, which depending on the product and on the index selected, can currently have one, three, five or six year terms, provide for participation in the performance of specified indices, ETF or commodity price movement up to a segment-specific declared maximum rate. Under certain conditions that vary by product, e.g., holding these segments for the full term, these segments also shield policyholders from some or all negative investment performance associated with these indices, ETF or commodity prices. These investment options have defined formulaic liability amounts, and the current values of the option component of these segment reserves are classified as Level 2 embedded derivatives. The fair values of these embedded derivatives are based on data obtained from independent valuation service providers.

Financial Instruments Classified as Level 3

The Company’s investments classified as Level 3 primarily include corporate debt securities and financial assets and liabilities accounted for using the fair value option, such as private fixed maturities and asset-backed securities. Determinations to classify fair value measures within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy generally are based upon the significance of the unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurement. Included in the Level 3 classification are fixed maturities with indicative pricing obtained from brokers that otherwise could not be corroborated to market observable data.

The Company has certain variable annuity contracts with GMDB, GMIB, GIB and GWBL and other features in-force that guarantee one of the following:

•Return of Premium: the benefit is the greater of current account value or premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals);

•Ratchet: the benefit is the greatest of current account value, premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals), or the highest account value on any anniversary up to contractually specified ages (adjusted for withdrawals);

•Roll-Up: the benefit is the greater of current account value or premiums paid (adjusted for withdrawals) accumulated at contractually specified interest rates up to specified ages;

•Combo: the benefit is the greater of the ratchet benefit or the roll-up benefit, which may include either a five year or an annual reset; or

•Withdrawal: the withdrawal is guaranteed up to a maximum amount per year for life.

The Company also issues certain benefits on its variable annuity products that are accounted for as MRBs carried at fair value and are also considered Level 3 for fair value leveling.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The GMIBNLG feature allows the policyholder to receive guaranteed minimum lifetime annuity payments based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to the contract’s benefit base if and when the contract account value is depleted and the NLG feature is activated. The optional GMIB feature allows the policyholder to receive guaranteed minimum lifetime annuity payments based on predetermined annuity purchase rates.

The GMWB feature allows the policyholder to withdraw at a minimum, over the life of the contract, an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GWBL feature allows the policyholder to withdraw, each year for the life of the contract, a specified annual percentage of an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GMAB feature increases the contract account value at the end of a specified period to a GMAB base. The GIB feature provides a lifetime annuity based on predetermined annuity purchase rates if and when the contract account value is depleted. This lifetime annuity is based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to a GIB base. The GMDB feature guarantees that the benefit paid upon death will not be less than a guaranteed benefit base. If the contract’s account value is less than the benefit base at the time a death claim is paid, the amount payable will be equal to the benefit base.

The MRBs fair value will be equal to the present value of benefits less the present value of ascribed fees. Considerable judgment is utilized by management in determining the assumptions used in determining present value of benefits and ascribed fees related to lapse rates, withdrawal rates, utilization rates, non-performance risk, volatility rates, annuitization rates and mortality (collectively, the significant MRB assumptions).

Purchased MRB assets, which are accounted for as MRBs carried at fair value are also considered Level 3 for fair value leveling. The purchased MRB asset fair value reflects the present value of reinsurance premiums, net of recoveries, adjusted for risk margins and nonperformance risk over a range of market consistent economic scenarios while the MRB asset and liability reflects the present value of expected future payments (benefits) less fees, adjusted for risk margins and nonperformance risk, attributable to the MRB asset and liability over a range of market-consistent economic scenarios.

The valuations of the MRBs and purchased MRB assets incorporate significant non-observable assumptions related to policyholder behavior, risk margins and projections of equity Separate Accounts funds. The credit risks of the counterparty and of the Company are considered in determining the fair values of its MRBs and purchased MRB assets after taking into account the effects of collateral arrangements. Incremental adjustment to the risk-free curve for counterparty non-performance risk is made to the fair values of the purchased MRB assets. Risk margins were applied to the non-capital markets inputs to the MRBs and purchased MRB valuations.

After giving consideration to collateral arrangements, the Company reduced the fair value of its purchased MRB asset by $114 million and $382 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, to recognize incremental counterparty non-performance risk.

The Company’s Level 3 liabilities include contingent payment arrangements associated with acquisitions in 2020 by AB. At each reporting date, AB estimates the fair values of the contingent consideration expected to be paid based upon revenue and discount rate projections, using unobservable market data inputs, which are included in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The Company’s consolidated VIEs/VOEs hold investments that are classified as Level 3, primarily corporate bonds that are vendor priced with no ratings available, bank loans, non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities.

Transfers of Financial Instruments Between Levels 2 and 3

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, fixed maturities with fair values of $879 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, fixed maturities with fair value of $183 million were transferred from Level 2 into the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 25.3% of total equity as of March 31, 2025.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, fixed maturities with fair values of $169 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, fixed maturities with fair value of $120 million were transferred from Level 2 into the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 7.8% of total equity as of March 31, 2024.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The tables below present reconciliations for all Level 3 assets and liabilities and changes in unrealized gains (losses). Not included below are the changes in balances related to MRBs and purchased MRBs level 3 assets and liabilities, which are included in Note 9 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Corporate		State and Political Subdivisions		Asset-backed		CMBS
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	2,472	$	—	$	232	$	8
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)	1		—		—		—
Investment gains (losses), net	(3)		—		—		—
Subtotal	(2)		—		—		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	11		—		3		—
Purchases	145		—		386		—
Debt issuances	—		—		—		—
Sales	(98)		—		(122)		—
Settlements	—		—		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs	—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (1)	—		—		149		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (1)	(697)		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	1,831	$	—	$	648	$	8
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)	$	8	$	—	$	3	$	—

______________

(1)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.

(2)For instruments held as of March 31, 2025, amounts are included in Net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Fixed maturities, at FVO		Other Equity Investments (1)		Trading Securities, at Fair Value		Notes issued by consolidated VIE’s		Contingent Payment Arrangement
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	275	$	55	$	80	$	(172)	$	(9)
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)	2		—		—		—		—
Investment gains (losses), net	(4)		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	(2)		—		—		—		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—
Purchases	112		3		29		—		—
Debt issuances	—		—		—		(1)		—
Sales	(14)		—		—		—		—
Settlements	—		—		—		5		1
Other	—		—		—		—		—
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (2)	32		2		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (2)	(140)		(42)		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	263	$	18	$	109	$	(168)	$	(8)

Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (3)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (3)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

______________

(1)Other Equity Investments include other invested assets.

(2)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.

(3)For instruments held as of March 31, 2025, amounts are included in Net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Corporate		State and Political Subdivisions		Asset-backed		CMBS
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	2,158	$	27	$	47	$	7
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)	2		—		—		—
Investment gains (losses), net	(1)		—		—		—
Subtotal	1		—		—		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	10		—		—		—
Purchases	215		—		48		—
Sales	(56)		—		(10)		—
Settlements	—		—		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs	—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (1)	57		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (1)	(47)		(27)		(14)		—
Balance, end of period	$	2,338	$	—	$	71	$	7
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	—

______________

(1)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.

(2)For instruments held as of March 31, 2024, amounts are included in Net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Fixed maturities, at FVO		Other Equity Investments (1)		Trading Securities, at Fair Value		Separate Accounts Assets		Contingent Payment Arrangement
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	181	$	57	$	61	$	—	$	(253)
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)	16		1		—		—		—
Investment gains (losses), net	—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	16		1		—		—		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		—		—
Purchases	80		42		—		1		—
Sales	(15)		(42)		—		—		—
Settlements	—		—		—		—		1
Other	—		—		—		—		(2)
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (2)	63		—		—		—		—

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Fixed maturities, at FVO		Other Equity Investments (1)		Trading Securities, at Fair Value		Separate Accounts Assets		Contingent Payment Arrangement
	(in millions)
Transfers out of Level 3 (2)	(81)		—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	244	$	58	$	61	$	1	$	(254)
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (3)	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	—
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (3)	$	28	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

_____________

(1)Other Equity Investments include other invested assets.

(2)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.

(3)For instruments held as of March 31, 2024, amounts are included in Net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Quantitative and Qualitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following tables disclose quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements by category for assets and liabilities:

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2025

Fair
Value

Valuation

Technique

Significant

Unobservable Input

Range

Weighted Average (2)

(Dollars in millions)

Assets:

Investments:

Fixed maturities, AFS:

Corporate

1,050

Market comparable
companies

EBITDA multiples

Discount rate

Cash flow multiples

Loan to value

1.0x - 36.5x

7.9% - 18.7%

1.8x - 13.0x

(1.7)% - 54.6%

10.8x

3.5%

4.4x

8.7%

Trading securities, at fair value (5)

Discounted cash flow

Earnings multiple

Discount factor

Discount years

8.6x

10.0%

Market comparable
companies

Cashflow Multiples

6.0x - 8.4x

8.4x

Purchased MRB asset (1) (2) (4)

5,976

Discounted cash flow

Lapse rates

Withdrawal rates

GMIB Utilization rates

Non-performance risk

Volatility rates - Equity

Mortality: Ages 0-40

Ages 41-60

Ages 61-115

0.24%-13.05%

0.06%-11.65%

0.04%-66.70%

0 bps - 97 bps

15%-30%

0.01%-0.17%

0.06%-0.52%

0.32%-41.20%

2.00%

0.59%

6.77%

7 bps

23%

3.19%

(same for all ages)

Liabilities:

AB Contingent consideration payable

Discounted cash flow

Expected revenue growth rates

Discount rate

2.0% - 13.3%

1.9% - 1.9%

6.8%

1.9%

Direct MRB (1) (2) (3) (4)

10,220

Discounted cash flow

Non-performance risk

Lapse rates

Withdrawal rates

Annuitization rates

Mortality: Ages 0-40

Ages 41-60

Ages 61-115

116 bps

0.24%-36.18%

0.00%-11.65%

0.04%-100.00%

0.01%-0.17%

0.06%-0.52%

0.32%-41.20%

116 bps

3.58%

0.75%

5.25%

2.87%

(same for all ages)

______________

(1)Mortality rates vary by age and demographic characteristic such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on a combination of company and industry experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuating the embedded derivatives.

(2)Lapses and pro-rata withdrawal rates were developed as a function of the policy account value. Dollar for dollar withdrawal rates were developed as a function of the dollar for dollar threshold, the dollar for dollar limit. Utilization rates were developed as a function of the benefit base.

(3)MRB liabilities are shown net of MRB assets. Net amount is made up of $10.9 billion of MRB liabilities and $644 million of MRB assets.

(4)Includes Legacy and Core products.

(5)Certain newly acquired Level 3 Trading securities are not presented as cost basis approximates fair value as of March 31, 2025.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024

Fair
Value

Valuation
Technique

Significant
Unobservable Input

Range

Weighted Average (2)

(Dollars in millions)

Assets:

Investments:

Fixed maturities, AFS:

Corporate

402

Matrix pricing model

Spread over benchmark

70 bps - 220 bps

153 bps

981

Market comparable companies

EBITDA multiples

Discount rate

Cash flow multiples

Loan to value

4.7x - 36.5x

8.4% - 34.9%

1.8x-11.8x

0.0%-56.4%

12.2x

3.9%

4.5x

15.0%

Trading securities, at fair value (5)

Discounted cash flow

Earnings multiple

Discounts factor

Discount years

8.6x

10.0%

Market comparable companies

Cashflow Multiples

8.4x - 8.4x

8.4x

Purchased MRB asset (1) (2) (4)

7,376

Discounted cash flow

Lapse rates

Withdrawal rates

GMIB Utilization rates

Non-performance risk

Volatility rates - Equity

Mortality: Ages 0-40

Ages 41-60

Ages 61-115

0.24% - 13.05%

0.06% - 11.65%

0.04% - 66.70%

33 bps - 93 bps

12% - 29%

0.01% - 0.17%

0.06% - 0.52%

0.32% - 41.20%

2.17%

0.48%

6.75%

34 bps

23%

3.36%

(same for all ages)

Liabilities:

AB Contingent consideration payable

Discounted cash flow

Expected revenue growth rates

Discount rate

2.0% - 29.3%

1.9% - 10.4%

5.5%

7.3%

Direct MRB (1) (2) (3) (4)

10,947

Discounted cash flow

Non-performance risk

Lapse rates

Withdrawal rates

Annuitization rates

Mortality: Ages 0-40

Ages 41-60

Ages 61-115

94 bps

0.24% - 36.18%

0.00% - 11.65%

0.04% - 100.00%

0.01% - 0.17%

0.06% - 0.52%

0.32% - 41.20%

94 bps

3.57%

0.58%

5.15%

3.00%

(same for all ages)

______________

(1)Mortality rates vary by age and demographic characteristic such as gender and benefits elected with the policy. Mortality rate assumptions are based on a combination of company and industry experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuating the embedded derivatives.

(3)MRB liabilities are shown net of MRB assets. Net amount is made up of $11.8 billion of MRB liabilities and $863 million of MRB assets.

(4)Includes Legacy and Core products.

(5)Certain newly acquired Level 3 Trading securities are not presented as cost basis approximates fair value as of December 31, 2024.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Level 3 Financial Instruments for which Quantitative Inputs are Not Available

Certain Privately Placed Debt Securities with Limited Trading Activity

Excluded from the tables above as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, are approximately $1.8 billion and $1.7 billion of Level 3 fair value measurements of investments for which the underlying quantitative inputs are not developed by the Company and are not readily available. These investments primarily consist of certain privately placed debt securities with limited trading activity, including residential mortgage- and asset-backed instruments, and their fair values generally reflect unadjusted prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and indicative, non-binding quotes obtained from third-party broker-dealers recognized as market participants. Significant increases or decreases in the fair value amounts received from these pricing sources may result in the Company reporting significantly higher or lower fair value measurements for these Level 3 investments.

•The fair value of private placement securities is determined by application of a matrix pricing model or a market comparable company value technique. The significant unobservable input to the matrix pricing model valuation technique is the spread over the industry-specific benchmark yield curve. Generally, an increase or decrease in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities. The significant unobservable input to the market comparable company valuation technique is the discount rate. Generally, a significant increase (decrease) in the discount rate would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements of these securities.

•Residential mortgage-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency paper with low trading activity. Included in the tables above as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no Level 3 securities that were determined by application of a matrix pricing model and for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Generally, a change in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities.

•Asset-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency mortgage loan trust certificates, including subprime and Alt-A paper, credit risk transfer securities, and equipment financings. Included in the tables above as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no securities that were determined by the application of matrix-pricing for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Significant increases (decreases) in spreads would have resulted in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements.

Other Equity Investments

Included in other equity investments classified as Level 3 are venture capital securities in the Technology, Media and Telecommunications industries. The fair value measurements of these securities include significant unobservable inputs including an enterprise value to revenue multiples and a discount rate to account for liquidity and various risk factors. Significant increases (decreases) in the enterprise value to revenue multiple inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement. Significant increases (decreases) in the discount rate would have resulted in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.

Market Risk Benefits

Significant unobservable inputs with respect to the fair value measurement of the purchased MRB assets and MRB liabilities identified in the table above are developed using Company data. Future policyholder behavior is an unobservable market assumption and, as such, all aspects of policyholder behavior are derived based on recent historical experience. These policyholder behaviors include lapses, pro-rata withdrawals, dollar for dollar withdrawals, GMIB utilization, deferred mortality and payout phase mortality. Many of these policyholder behaviors have dynamic adjustment factors based on the relative value of the rider as compared to the account value in different economic environments. This applies to all variable annuity related products; products with GMxB riders including but not limited to GMIB, GMDB, and GWL.

Lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the value of the GMxB rider and the current policyholder account value, which include other factors such as considering surrender charges. Generally, lapse rates are assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. A dynamic lapse function reduces the base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in-the-money contracts are less likely to lapse. For valuing purchased MRB assets and MRB liabilities, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Carrying Value of Financial Instruments Not Otherwise Disclosed in Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements

The carrying values and fair values for financial instruments not otherwise disclosed in Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements were as follows:

Carrying Values and Fair Values for Financial Instruments Not Otherwise Disclosed


	Carrying Value		Fair Value
			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
	(in millions)
March 31, 2025:
Mortgage loans on real estate	$	20,566	$	—	$	—	$	19,353	$	19,353
Policy loans	$	4,318	$	—	$	—	$	4,553	$	4,553
Policyholders’ liabilities: Investment contracts	$	2,409	$	—	$	—	$	2,381	$	2,381
FHLB funding agreements	$	6,879	$	—	$	6,835	$	—	$	6,835
FABN funding agreements	$	7,100	$	—	$	6,877	$	—	$	6,877
Funding agreement-backed commercial paper (FABCP)	$	828	$	—	$	850	$	—	$	850

Long-term debt	$	4,330	$	—	$	4,256	$	—	$	4,256
Separate Accounts liabilities	$	11,388	$	—	$	—	$	11,388	$	11,388


December 31, 2024:
Mortgage loans on real estate	$	20,072	$	—	$	—	$	18,567	$	18,567
Policy loans	$	4,330	$	—	$	—	$	4,559	$	4,559
Policyholders’ liabilities: Investment contracts	$	2,046	$	—	$	—	$	1,996	$	1,996
FHLB funding agreements	$	7,167	$	—	$	7,113	$	—	$	7,113
FABN funding agreements	$	5,725	$	—	$	5,481	$	—	$	5,481
Funding agreement-backed commercial paper (FABCP)	$	74	$	—	$	75	$	—	$	75

Long-term debt	$	3,833	$	—	$	3,722	$	—	$	3,722
Separate Accounts liabilities	$	12,055	$	—	$	—	$	12,055	$	12,055

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate

Fair values for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans on real estate are measured by discounting future contractual cash flows to be received on the mortgage loan using interest rates at which loans with similar characteristics and credit quality would be made. The discount rate is derived based on the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate with a like term to the remaining term of the loan to which a spread reflective of the risk premium associated with the specific loan is added. Fair values for mortgage loans anticipated to be foreclosed and problem mortgage loans are limited to the fair value of the underlying collateral, if lower.

Policy Loans

The fair value of policy loans is calculated by discounting expected cash flows based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve and historical loan repayment patterns.

Policyholder Liabilities - Investment Contracts and Separate Accounts Liabilities

The fair values for deferred annuities and certain annuities, which are included in policyholders’ account balances, and liabilities for investment contracts with fund investments in Separate Accounts, are estimated using projected cash flows discounted at rates reflecting current market rates. Significant unobservable inputs reflected in the cash flows include lapse rates and withdrawal rates. Incremental adjustments may be made to the fair value to reflect non-performance risk. Certain other products such as the Company’s association plans contracts, supplementary contracts not involving life contingencies, Access Accounts and Escrow Shield Plus product reserves are held at book value.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

FHLB Funding Agreements

The fair values of Equitable Financial’s FHLB long term funding agreements’ fair values are determined based on indicative market rates published by the FHLB, provided to AB and modeled for each note’s FMV. FHLB short-term funding agreements’ fair values are reflective of notional/par value plus accrued interest.

FABN Funding Agreements

The fair values of Equitable Financial’s FABN funding agreements are determined by Bloomberg’s evaluated pricing service, which uses direct observations or observed comparables.

FABCP Funding Agreements

The fair value of Equitable Financial’s FABCP funding agreements are reflective of the notional/par value outstanding.

Short-term Debt

The Company’s short-term debt primarily includes long-term debt that has been reclassified to short-term due to an upcoming maturity date within one year. The fair values for the Company’s short-term debt are determined by Bloomberg’s evaluated pricing service, which uses direct observations or observed comparables.

Long-term Debt

The fair values for the Company’s long-term debt are determined by Bloomberg’s evaluated pricing service, which uses direct observations or observed comparables.

Financial Instruments Exempt from Fair Value Disclosure or Otherwise Not Required to be Disclosed

Exempt from Fair Value Disclosure Requirements

Certain financial instruments are exempt from the requirements for fair value disclosure, such as insurance liabilities other than financial guarantees and investment contracts, limited partnerships accounted for under the equity method and pension and other postretirement obligations.

Otherwise Not Required to be Included in the Table Above

The Company’s investment in COLI policies are recorded at their cash surrender value and therefore are not required to be included in the table above. See Note 2 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of the Company’s accounting policy related to its investment in COLI policies.

8) LIABILITIES FOR FUTURE POLICYHOLDER BENEFITS

The following table reconciles the net liability for future policy benefits and liability of death benefits to the liability for future policy benefits in the consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Reconciliation
Term	$	1,292	$	1,285
Payout	4,782		5,050
Group Pension - Benefit Reserve & DPL	454		460
Health	1,353		1,362
UL	1,264		1,246
Subtotal	9,145		9,403
Whole Life Closed Block and Open Block products	5,142		5,204
Other (1)	908		901
Future policyholder benefits total	15,195		15,508
Other policyholder funds and dividends payable	2,177		2,105
Total	$	17,372	$	17,613

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

_____________

(1)Primarily consists of future policy benefits related to Protective Life and Annuity, Assumed Life and Disability, Group Life Run off, Variable Interest Sensitive Life rider and EB.

The following table summarizes balances and changes in the liability for future policy benefits for nonparticipating traditional and limited pay contracts:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025								Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Protection Solutions		Individual Retirement		Corporate & Other				Protection Solutions		Individual Retirement		Corporate & Other
	Term		Payout		Group Pension		Health		Term		Payout		Group Pension		Health
	(in millions)
Present Value of Expected Net Premiums
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,932	$	—	$	—	$	(25)	$	2,133	$	—	$	—	$	(21)
Beginning balance at original discount rate	1,959		—		—		(26)		2,058		—		—		(22)
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions	—		—		—		—		(18)		—		—		—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience	(29)		—		—		(2)		(18)		—		—		1
Adjusted beginning of period balance	1,930		—		—		(28)		2,022		—		—		(21)
Issuances	11		—		—		—		11		—		—		—
Interest accrual	24		—		—		—		25		—		—		—
Net premiums collected	(46)		—		—		1		(49)		—		—		1

Ending Balance at original discount rate	1,919		—		—		(27)		2,009		—		—		(20)
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions	(7)		—		—		1		17		—		—		1
Balance, end of period	$	1,912	$	—	$	—	$	(26)	$	2,026	$	—	$	—	$	(19)

Present Value of Expected Future Policy Benefits
Balance, beginning of period	$	3,216	$	5,050	$	460	$	1,337	$	3,480	$	4,464	$	490	$	1,484
Beginning balance of original discount rate	3,215		5,390		514		1,555		3,330		4,680		536		1,672
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions (1)	—		(468)		—		—		(20)		—		—		—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience	(39)		(1)		—		(6)		(23)		(3)		1		1
Adjusted beginning of period balance	3,176		4,921		514		1,549		3,287		4,677		537		1,673
Issuances	11		201		—		—		12		279		—		—
Interest accrual	40		51		5		13		41		45		5		14
Benefits payments	(58)		(127)		(16)		(38)		(64)		(113)		(16)		(41)
Ending Balance at original discount rate	3,169		5,046		503		1,524		3,276		4,888		526		1,646
Effect of changes in discount rate assumptions	34		(264)		(49)		(197)		65		(302)		(53)		(215)
Balance, end of period	$	3,203	$	4,782	$	454	$	1,327	$	3,341	$	4,586	$	473	$	1,431
Impact of flooring LFPB at zero	1		—		—		—		1		—		—		—
Net liability for future policy benefits	$	1,292	4,782		454		1,353		1,316		4,586		473		1,450
Less: Reinsurance recoverable	6		(960)		—		(1,060)		24		(1,069)		—		(1,147)
Net liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable	$	1,298	$	3,822	$	454	$	293	$	1,340	$	3,517	$	473	$	303

Weighted-average duration of liability for future policyholder benefits (years)	6.8		7.7		6.9		8.3		6.9		8.0		7.0		8.6

______________

(1)For the first quarter 2025, this is the net income impact due to novation as described in Note 1.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table provides the amount of undiscounted and discounted expected gross premiums and expected future benefits and expenses related to nonparticipating traditional and limited payment contracts:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Term
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (undiscounted)	$	5,530	$	5,613
Expected future gross premiums (undiscounted)	6,511		6,597
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (discounted; AOCI basis)	3,203		3,216
Expected future gross premiums (discounted; AOCI basis)	3,503		3,507

Payout
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (undiscounted)	7,166		7,686
Expected future gross premiums (undiscounted)	—		—
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (discounted; AOCI basis)	4,662		4,938
Expected future gross premiums (discounted; AOCI basis)	—		—

Group Pension
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (undiscounted)	616		630
Expected future gross premiums (undiscounted)	—		—
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (discounted; AOCI basis)	432		436
Expected future gross premiums (discounted; AOCI basis)	—		—

Health
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (undiscounted)	2,093		2,139
Expected future gross premiums (undiscounted)	67		70
Expected future benefit payments and expenses (discounted; AOCI basis)	1,313		1,323
Expected future gross premiums (discounted; AOCI basis)	$	53	$	55

The table below summarizes the revenue and interest related to nonparticipating traditional and limited payment contracts:


	Three Months Ended March 31,

	2025		2024			2025		2024
	Gross Premium				Interest Accretion
	(in millions)
Revenue and Interest Accretion
Term	$	83	$	88		$	16	$	16
Payout	67		68			53		49
Group Pension	—		—			5		5
Health	2		3			13		14
Total	$	152	$	159		$	87	$	84

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table provides the weighted average interest rates for the liability for future policy benefits:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Weighted Average Interest Rate
Term
Interest accretion rate	5.6	%	5.6	%
Current discount rate	5.1	%	5.2	%
Payout
Interest accretion rate	4.4	%	4.4	%
Current discount rate	5.2	%	5.3	%
Group Pension
Interest accretion rate	3.4	%	3.4	%
Current discount rate	5.0	%	5.2	%
Health
Interest accretion rate	3.4	%	3.4	%
Current discount rate	5.2	%	5.4	%

The following table provides the balance, changes in and the weighted average durations of the additional insurance liabilities:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		Protection Solutions
		UL
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	1,246	$	1,208
Beginning balance before AOCI adjustments		1,302		1,245
Effect of changes in interest rate & cash flow assumptions and model changes		—		—
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		5		2
Adjusted beginning of period balance		1,307		1,247
Interest accrual		14		13
Net assessments collected		17		18
Benefit payments		(22)		(21)

Ending balance before shadow reserve adjustments		1,316		1,257
Effect of reserve adjustment recorded in AOCI		(52)		(47)
Balance, end of period		$	1,264	$	1,210

Net liability for additional liability		$	1,264	$	1,210
Less: Reinsurance recoverable		—		—
Net liability for additional liability, after reinsurance recoverable		$	1,264	$	1,210

Weighted-average duration of additional liability - death benefit (years)		19.3		19.7

The following tables provide the revenue, interest and weighted average interest rates, related to the additional insurance liabilities:


	Three Months Ended March 31,

	2025		2024			2025		2024
	Assessments				Interest Accretion
	(in millions)
Revenue and Interest Accretion
UL	$	145	$	164		$	14	$	14
Total	$	145	$	164		$	14	$	14

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31,

		2025		2024

Weighted Average Interest Rate
UL		4.5	%	4.5	%
Interest accretion rate		4.5	%	4.5	%

The discount rate used for additional insurance liabilities reserve is based on the crediting rate at issue.

9) MARKET RISK BENEFITS

The following table presents the balances and changes to the balances for MRBs for the GMxB benefits on deferred variable annuities:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025								2024
	Individual Retirement		Legacy						Individual Retirement		Legacy
	GMxB Core		GMxB Legacy		Purchased MRB		Net Legacy		GMxB Core		GMxB Legacy		Purchased MRB		Net Legacy
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	496	$	10,508	$	(7,372)	$	3,136	$	597	$	13,425	$	(9,448)	$	3,977
Balance BOP before changes in the instrument specific credit risk	163		9,735		(7,368)		2,367		319		13,023		(9,409)		3,614
Model changes and effect of changes in cash flow assumptions (1)	—		(1,344)		1,855		511		—		—		169		169
Actual market movement effect	71		349		(116)		233		(159)		(792)		392		(400)
Interest accrual	15		106		(64)		42		16		161		(113)		48
Attributed fees accrued (2)	94		165		(60)		105		95		200		(80)		120
Benefit payments	(11)		(280)		129		(151)		(10)		(322)		169		(152)
Actual policyholder behavior different from expected behavior	13		20		—		20		5		(23)		9		(14)
Changes in future economic assumptions	147		585		(333)		252		(193)		(928)		551		(377)
Issuances	3		—		—		—		(2)		—		—		—
Balance EOP before changes in the instrument-specific credit risk	495		9,336		(5,957)		3,379		71		11,319		(8,312)		3,007
Changes in the instrument-specific credit risk (1) (3)	222		169		(16)		153		252		396		(31)		365
Balance, end of period	$	717	$	9,505	$	(5,973)	$	3,532	$	323	$	11,715	$	(8,343)	$	3,372

Weighted-average age of policyholders (years)	65.6		73.8		73.3		N/A		64.6		73.2		72.8		N/A
Net amount at risk	$	3,112	$	16,915	$	7,541	N/A		$	2,764	$	19,673	$	10,407	N/A

______________

(1)Primarily includes the net income impact of the novation, as described in Note 1, in the first quarter 2025. Primarily includes the impact of non-affiliated recapture of reinsurance completed in the first quarter 2024.

(2)Attributed fees accrued represents the portion of the fees needed to fund future GMxB claims.

(3)Changes are recorded in OCI except for reinsurer credit which is reflected in the consolidated income statement.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table reconciles MRBs by the amounts in an asset position and amounts in a liability position to the MRB amounts in the consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31, 2025										December 31, 2024
	Direct Asset		Direct Liability		Net Direct MRB		Purchased MRB		Total		Direct Asset		Direct Liability		Net Direct MRB		Purchased MRB		Total
	(in millions)
Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	$	(412)	$	1,129	$	717	$	—	$	717	$	(514)	$	1,010	$	496	$	—	$	496
Legacy Segment
GMxB Legacy	(145)		9,650		9,505		(5,973)		3,532		(230)		10,738		10,508		(7,372)		3,136
Other (1)	(87)		85		(2)		(3)		(5)		(119)		62		(57)		(4)		(61)
Total	$	(644)	$	10,864	$	10,220	$	(5,976)	$	4,244	$	(863)	$	11,810	$	10,947	$	(7,376)	$	3,571

______________

(1)Other primarily includes SCS.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

10) POLICYHOLDER ACCOUNT BALANCES

The following table reconciles the policyholders account balances to the policyholders’ account balance liability in the consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Policyholders’ account balance reconciliation
Protection Solutions
Universal Life	$	5,015	$	5,065
Variable Universal Life	4,990		4,982
Legacy Segment
GMxB Legacy	260		226
Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	(18)		(4)
SCS	64,896		65,267
EQUI-VEST Individual	1,988		2,037
Group Retirement
EQUI-VEST Group	11,121		11,158
Momentum	510		527
Other (1)	9,221		8,658
Balance (exclusive of Funding Agreements)	97,983		97,916
Funding Agreements	14,810		13,013
Balance, end of period	$	112,793	$	110,929

_____________

(1)Primarily reflects products IR Payout, IR Other, Indexed Universal Life, Investment Edge, Group Pension, Closed Block and Corporate and Other.

The following table summarizes the balances and changes in policyholder’s account balances:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Protection Solutions				Legacy		Individual Retirement						Group Retirement
	Universal Life		Variable Universal Life		GMxB Legacy		GMxB Core		SCS (1)		EQUI-VEST Individual		EQUI-VEST Group		Momentum
	(Dollars in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	5,065	$	4,982	$	226	$	(4)	$	65,267	$	2,037	$	11,158	$	527



Premiums received	154		31		3		50		2		10		144		15
Policy charges	(171)		(69)		14		(5)		(11)		—		(1)		—
Surrenders and withdrawals	(21)		(1)		(18)		(7)		(1,242)		(65)		(349)		(31)
Benefit payments	(66)		(32)		(4)		—		(80)		(15)		(18)		(1)
Net transfers from (to) separate account	—		47		4		(54)		3,450		7		134		(3)
Interest credited (2)	54		32		2		2		(2,490)		14		53		3
Other (4)	—		—		33		—		—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	5,015	$	4,990	$	260	$	(18)	$	64,896	$	1,988	$	11,121	$	510

Weighted-average crediting rate	3.83%		3.69%		2.78%		2.02%		N/A		2.99%		2.72%		2.49%
Net amount at risk (3)	$	32,764	$	117,812	$	16,915	$	3,112	$	46	$	105	$	16	$	—
Cash surrender value	$	3,349	$	3,157	$	463	$	219	$	61,623	$	1,982	$	11,012	$	511

______________

(1)SCS sales are recorded as a Separate Account liability until they are swept into the General Account. This sweep is recorded as Net Transfers from (to) separate account.

(2)SCS and EQUI-VEST Group includes amounts related to the change in embedded derivative.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

(3)For life insurance products, the net amount at risk is death benefit less account value for the policyholder. For variable annuity products, the net amount at risk is the maximum GMxB NAR for the policyholder.

(4)Includes the PAB from the policies novated to Venerable, as described in Note 1.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Protection Solutions				Legacy		Individual Retirement						Group Retirement
	Universal Life		Variable Universal Life		GMxB Legacy		GMxB Core		SCS (1)		EQUI-VEST Individual		EQUI-VEST Group		Momentum
	(Dollars in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	5,202	$	4,850	$	618	$	36	$	49,002	$	2,322	$	11,563	$	608

Premiums received	166		27		19		58		5		7		151		18
Policy charges	(182)		(64)		18		(6)		(4)		—		(1)		—
Surrenders and withdrawals	(20)		(20)		(22)		(8)		(953)		(91)		(443)		(30)
Benefit payments	(58)		(19)		(24)		(1)		(72)		(15)		(17)		(1)
Net transfers from (to) separate account	—		48		1		(59)		3,175		2		81		(8)
Interest credited (2)	55		47		6		2		3,220		17		96		3
Other	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	5,163	$	4,869	$	616	$	22	$	54,373	$	2,242	$	11,430	$	590

Weighted-average crediting rate	3.79%		3.73%		2.71%		1.65%		N/A		2.98%		2.65%		2.33%
Net amount at risk (3)	$	34,991	$	115,499	$	19,673	$	2,764	$	—	$	104	$	6	$	—
Cash surrender value	$	3,405	$	3,186	$	550	$	258	$	50,667	$	2,235	$	11,368	$	591

______________

(1)SCS sales are recorded as a Separate Account liability until they are swept into the General Account. This sweep is recorded as Net Transfers from (to) separate account.

(2)SCS and EQUI-VEST includes amounts related to the change in embedded derivative.

(3)For life insurance products, the net amount at risk is the death benefit less account value for the policyholder. For variable annuity products, the net amount at risk is the maximum GMxB NAR for the policyholder.

The following table presents the account values by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rates and the related range of the difference in basis points, between rates being credited policyholders and the respective guaranteed minimums:


March 31, 2025
Product	Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate	At Guaranteed Minimum		1 Basis Point - 50 Basis Points Above		51 Basis Points - 150 Basis Points Above		Greater Than 150 Basis Points Above		Total
( in millions)
Protection Solutions
Universal Life	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	6
	1.51% - 2.50%	—		89		281		656		1,026
	Greater than 2.50%	3,302		650		—		—		3,952
	Total	$	3,302	$	739	$	281	$	662	$	4,984

Variable Universal Life	0.00% - 1.50%	$	12	$	10	$	102	$	46	$	170
	1.51% - 2.50%	38		363		227		—		628
	Greater than 2.50%	3,664		4		20		—		3,688
	Total	$	3,714	$	377	$	349	$	46	$	4,486
Legacy Segment

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


March 31, 2025
Product	Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate	At Guaranteed Minimum		1 Basis Point - 50 Basis Points Above		51 Basis Points - 150 Basis Points Above		Greater Than 150 Basis Points Above		Total
( in millions)
GMxB Legacy	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	63	$	2	$	—	$	65
	1.51% - 2.50%	17		—		—		—		17
	Greater than 2.50%	382		—		—		—		382
	Total	$	399	$	63	$	2	$	—	$	464

Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	10	$	155	$	—	$	165
	1.51% - 2.50%	12		—		—		—		12
	Greater than 2.50%	48		—		—		—		48
	Total	$	60	$	10	$	155	$	—	$	225

EQUI-VEST Individual	0.00% - 1.50%	$	42	$	195	$	—	$	—	$	237
	1.51% - 2.50%	38		—		—		—		38
	Greater than 2.50%	1,713		—		—		—		1,713
	Total	$	1,793	$	195	$	—	$	—	$	1,988

Group Retirement
EQUI-VEST Group	0.00% - 1.50%	$	712	$	2,410	$	32	$	249	$	3,403
	1.51% - 2.50%	349		—		—		—		349
	Greater than 2.50%	6,027		—		—		—		6,027
	Total	$	7,088	$	2,410	$	32	$	249	$	9,779

Momentum	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	—	$	257	$	85	$	342
	1.51% - 2.50%	78		28		—		—		106
	Greater than 2.50%	57		—		4		—		61
	Total	$	135	$	28	$	261	$	85	$	509


December 31, 2024
Product	Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate	At Guaranteed Minimum		1 Basis Point - 50 Basis Points Above		51 Basis Points - 150 Basis Points Above		Greater Than 150 Basis Points Above		Total
( in millions)
Protection Solutions
Universal Life	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	6	$	6
	1.51% - 2.50%	—		90		284		655		1,029
	Greater than 2.50%	3,402		598		—		—		4,000
	Total	$	3,402	$	688	$	284	$	661	$	5,035

Variable Universal Life	0.00% - 1.50%	$	24	$	13	$	94	$	40	$	171
	1.51% - 2.50%	37		357		223		—		617
	Greater than 2.50%	3,667		2		20		—		3,689
	Total	$	3,728	$	372	$	337	$	40	$	4,477
Legacy Segment

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


December 31, 2024
Product	Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate	At Guaranteed Minimum		1 Basis Point - 50 Basis Points Above		51 Basis Points - 150 Basis Points Above		Greater Than 150 Basis Points Above		Total
( in millions)
GMxB Legacy	0.00% - 1.50%	$	67	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	70
	1.51% - 2.50%	19		—		—		—		19
	Greater than 2.50%	401		—		—		—		401
	Total	$	487	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	490
Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	0.00% - 1.50%	$	11	$	160	$	—	$	—	$	171
	1.51% - 2.50%	12		—		—		—		12
	Greater than 2.50%	52		—		—		—		52
	Total	$	75	$	160	$	—	$	—	$	235

EQUI-VEST Individual	0.00% - 1.50%	$	42	$	198	$	—	$	—	$	240
	1.51% - 2.50%	38		—		—		—		38
	Greater than 2.50%	1,758		—		—		—		1,758
	Total	$	1,838	$	198	$	—	$	—	$	2,036




Group Retirement
EQUI-VEST Group	0.00% - 1.50%	$	720	$	2,391	$	33	$	258	$	3,402
	1.51% - 2.50%	349		—		—		—		349
	Greater than 2.50%	6,076		—		—		—		6,076
	Total	$	7,145	$	2,391	$	33	$	258	$	9,827

Momentum	0.00% - 1.50%	$	—	$	—	$	269	$	88	$	357
	1.51% - 2.50%	79		29		—		—		108
	Greater than 2.50%	56		—		5		—		61
	Total	$	135	$	29	$	274	$	88	$	526

Separate Account - Summary

The following table reconciles the Separate Account liabilities to the Separate Account liability balance in the consolidated balance sheets:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Separate Account Reconciliation
Protection Solutions
Variable Universal Life	$	17,464	$	18,176
Legacy Segment
GMxB Legacy	27,408		33,199
Individual Retirement
GMxB Core	29,201		30,411
EQUI-VEST Individual	4,444		4,782
Investment Edge	4,720		4,885
Group Retirement
EQUI-VEST Group	29,229		30,546
Momentum	4,637		4,813
Other (1)	7,466		7,905
Total	$	124,569	$	134,717

______________

(1)Primarily reflects Corporate and Other products and Group Retirement products including Association and Group Retirement Other.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table presents the balances of and changes in Separate Account liabilities:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Protection Solutions		Legacy		Individual Retirement						Group Retirement
	VUL		GMxB Legacy		GMxB Core		EQUI-VEST Individual		Investment Edge		EQUI-VEST Group		Momentum
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	18,176	$	33,199	$	30,411	$	4,782	$	4,885	$	30,546	$	4,813

Premiums and deposits	332		55		506		25		413		615		168
Policy charges	(147)		(139)		(118)		(1)		—		(5)		(6)
Surrenders and withdrawals	(190)		(852)		(999)		(130)		(122)		(675)		(236)
Benefit payments	(27)		(185)		(82)		(18)		(6)		(15)		(4)
Investment performance (1)	(633)		(850)		(571)		(207)		(95)		(1,104)		(101)
Net transfers from (to) General Account	(47)		(4)		54		(7)		(355)		(133)		3
Other charges (2)	—		(3,816)		—		—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	17,464	$	27,408	$	29,201	$	4,444	$	4,720	$	29,229	$	4,637

Cash surrender value	$	17,108	$	27,200	$	28,349	$	4,413	$	4,632	$	28,835	$	4,631

_____________

(1)Investment performance is reflected net of M&E fees.

(2)Other charges include the Separate Account value novated to Venerable, as described in Note 1.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Protection Solutions		Legacy		Individual Retirement						Group Retirement
	VUL		GMxB Legacy		GMxB Core		EQUI-VEST Individual		Investment Edge		EQUI-VEST Group		Momentum
	(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	15,821	$	33,794	$	29,829	$	4,582	$	4,275	$	26,959	$	4,421
Premiums and deposits	305		54		504		18		310		565		181
Policy charges	(143)		(168)		(115)		(1)		—		(4)		(6)
Surrenders and withdrawals	(142)		(812)		(820)		(129)		(135)		(542)		(208)
Benefit payments	(15)		(196)		(78)		(15)		(5)		(17)		(4)
Investment performance (1)	1,229		2,189		1,442		373		258		2,138		314
Net transfers from (to) General Account	(48)		(1)		58		(2)		(179)		(81)		8
Other charges	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	$	17,007	$	34,860	$	30,820	$	4,826	$	4,524	$	29,018	$	4,706

Cash surrender value	$	16,648	$	34,595	$	29,979	$	4,792	$	4,437	$	28,733	$	4,699

______________

(1)Investment performance is reflected net of M&E fees.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The following table presents the aggregate fair value of Separate Account assets by major asset category:


	March 31, 2025
	Protection Solutions		Individual Retirement		Group Retirement		Corp & Other		Legacy Segment		Total
	(in millions)
Asset Type
Debt securities	$	49	$	1	$	15	$	12	$	—	$	77
Common Stock	62		35		472		1,631		—		2,200
Mutual Funds	17,859		40,071		35,172		628		27,429		121,159
Bonds and Notes	102		4		4		1,023		—		1,133
Total	$	18,072	$	40,111	$	35,663	$	3,294	$	27,429	$	124,569


	December 31, 2024
	Protection Solutions		Individual Retirement		Group Retirement		Corp & Other		Legacy Segment		Total
	(in millions)
Asset Type
Debt securities	$	51	$	1	$	14	$	13	$	—	$	79
Common Stock	68		36		472		1,631		—		2,207
Mutual Funds	18,611		42,029		36,779		659		33,214		131,292
Bonds and Notes	98		4		1		1,036		—		1,139
Total	$	18,828	$	42,070	$	37,266	$	3,339	$	33,214	$	134,717

11) EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Pension Plans

Holdings and Equitable Financial Retirement Plans

Holdings sponsors the MONY Life Retirement Income Security Plan for Employees, which is a frozen qualified defined benefit plan covering eligible employees and financial professionals. Equitable Financial sponsors the Equitable Retirement Plan (the “Equitable Financial QP”), which was frozen on December 31, 2013 but reopened on January 1, 2025 and is a qualified defined benefit plan covering eligible employees and financial professionals. These pension plans are non-contributory, and their benefits are generally based on a cash balance formula and/or, for certain participants, years of service and average earnings over a specified period. Holdings and Equitable Financial also sponsor certain nonqualified deferred compensation plans, including the Equitable Excess Retirement Plan, that provide retirement benefits in excess of the amount permitted under the tax law for the qualified plans. Holdings has assumed primary liability for both plans. Equitable Financial remains secondarily liable for its obligations under the Equitable Financial QP and would recognize such liability in the event Holdings does not perform.

AB Retirement Plans

AB maintained a qualified, non-contributory, defined benefit retirement plan (the “Retirement Plan”) covering current and former employees who were employed by AB in the United States prior to October 2, 2000. During 2024, the Compensation Committee of the AB Board of Directors approved the termination of the Retirement Plan, effective May 22, 2024. AB began the process of settling benefits with vested participants and all lump sum disbursements elected by plan participants were distributed in December 2024 in the amount of $35 million. The remaining retirement plan participants who did not elect a lump sum disbursement elected to roll over their benefit to a group annuity contract from a qualified insurance company to administer all future payments. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, AB settled all future obligations under the Retirement Plan and transferred the remaining benefit obligations to a qualified third party insurance provider under a group annuity contract. The final annuity premium transferred was $59 million. Following the settlement related to the annuity purchase, the plans funded status was in a deficit and AB funded an additional $2 million to cover all remaining obligations. As a result of the settlement, AB recognized a non-cash settlement charge of approximately $21 million related to Retirement Plan losses and the reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to general and administrative expenses in the unaudited consolidated statements of income.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Net Periodic Pension Expense

Components of net periodic pension expense for the Company’s plans were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Service cost		$	8	$	2
Interest cost		28		30
Expected return on assets		(34)		(37)
Prior period service cost amortization		(1)		(1)

Net amortization		12		14
Impact of settlement		21		—
Net Periodic Pension Expense		$	34	$	8

12) INCOME TAXES

Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was computed using an estimated annual effective tax rate (“ETR”), with discrete items recognized in the period in which they occur. The estimated ETR is revised, as necessary, at the end of successive interim reporting periods.

In 2022, the Company established a valuation allowance against its deferred tax asset related to unrealized capital losses in the available for sale securities portfolio. In 2023, management took actions to increase its available liquidity so that the Company has the ability and intent to hold the majority of securities in its available for sale portfolio to recovery. For liquidity and other purposes, the Company maintains a smaller pool of securities that it does not intend to hold to recovery. The Company maintains a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset on available for sale securities that will not be held to recovery. Adjustments to the valuation allowance due to changes in the portfolio’s unrealized capital loss are recorded in OCI. Adjustments to the valuation allowance due to new facts or evidence are recorded in net income.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded increases to the valuation allowance of $8 million and $3 million, respectively, due to changes in the value of unrealized losses in the available for sale portfolio that will not be held to recovery. These adjustments were recorded in OCI. As of March 31, 2025, a valuation allowance of $225 million remains against the portion of the deferred tax asset that is still not more-likely-than-not to be realized.

The Company uses the aggregate portfolio approach related to the stranded or disproportionate income tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income related to available for sale securities. Under this approach, the disproportionate tax effect remains intact as long as the investment portfolio remains.

13) EQUITY

Preferred Stock

Preferred stock authorized, issued and outstanding was as follows:


	March 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
Series	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued	Shares Outstanding	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued	Shares Outstanding
Series A	32,000	32,000	32,000	32,000	32,000	32,000
Series B	20,000	17,773	17,773	20,000	17,773	17,773
Series C	12,000	12,000	12,000	12,000	12,000	12,000
Total	64,000	61,773	61,773	64,000	61,773	61,773

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Dividends declared per share were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Series A dividends declared		$	328	$	328
Series B dividends declared		$	—	$	—
Series C dividends declared		$	269	$	269

Common Stock

Dividends declared per share of common stock were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Dividends declared		$	0.24	$	0.22

Share Repurchase

On February 5, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new $1.3 billion share repurchase program. On February 13, 2025, Holdings’s Board approved an additional $1.5 billion under Holdings’s share repurchase program. Under this program, the Company may, from time to time purchase shares of its common stock through various means. The Company may choose to suspend or discontinue the repurchase program at any time. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any particular number of shares. As of March 31, 2025, Holdings had authorized capacity of approximately $1.7 billion remaining in its share repurchase program.

Holdings repurchased a total of 5.0 million shares of its common stock at an average price of $50.55 through open market repurchases, ASRs and privately negotiated transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2025, respectively and repurchased a total of 7.5 million shares of its common stock at an average price of $33.86 through open market repurchases, ASRs and privately negotiated transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Holdings repurchased 2.3 millions shares, of its common stock through open market repurchases. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Holdings repurchased 3.2 million shares, of its common stock through open market repurchases.

In March 2025, Holdings established an obligation to enter into an ASR with a third-party financial institution to repurchase an aggregate of $38 million of Holdings’ common stock. Pursuant to the ASR, Holdings made a pre-payment of $38 million and received initial delivery of 567,270 of Holdings’ shares. The ASR terminated in April 2025, at which time an additional 201,068 shares of common stock were received.

In March 2025, Holdings established an obligation to enter into an ASR with a third-party financial institution to repurchase an aggregate of $102 million of Holdings’ common stock. Pursuant to the ASR, on April 2, 2025, Holdings made a pre-payment of $102 million and received initial delivery of 1.6 million of Holdings’ shares. The ASR will be terminated in April 2025, at which time 629,617 additional shares of common stock were received.

In December 2024, Holdings established an obligation to enter into an ASR with a third-party financial institution to repurchase an aggregate of $105 million of Holdings’ common stock. Pursuant to the ASR, on January 3, 2025, Holdings made a pre-payment of $105 million and received initial delivery of 1.8 million of Holdings’ shares. The ASR terminated in February 2025, at which time 274,630 additional shares of common stock were received.

In December 2024, Holdings established an obligation to enter into an ASR with a third-party financial institution to repurchase an aggregate of $32 million of Holdings’ common stock. Pursuant to the ASR, in December, Holdings made a pre-payment of $32 million and received initial delivery of 550,301 of Holdings’ shares. The ASR terminated in January 2025, at which time an additional 105,468 shares of common stock were received.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

AOCI represents cumulative gains (losses) on items that are not reflected in net income (loss). The balances are as follows:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments	$	(6,864)	$	(7,334)
Market risk benefits - instrument -specific credit risk component	(386)		(1,125)
Liability for future policy benefits - current discount rate component	293		372
Defined benefit pension plans	(562)		(579)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(77)		(88)
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(7,596)		(8,754)
Less: Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest	(29)		(42)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	(7,567)	$	(8,712)

The components of OCI, net of taxes for follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investments:
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period	$	658	$	(543)
(Gains) losses reclassified into net income (loss) during the period (1)	6		21
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments	664		(522)
Adjustments for policyholders’ liabilities, DAC, insurance liability loss recognition and other	(55)		9
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of adjustments (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $173 and $(133))	609		(513)
Change in LFPB discount rate and MRB credit risk, net of tax
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk - market risk benefits (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $155 and $5)	584		20
Changes in current discount rate - liability for future policy benefits (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $(17) and $26)	(63)		98
Change in defined benefit plans:
Reclassification to Net income (loss) of amortization of net prior service credit included in net periodic cost)	17		8
Change in defined benefit plans (net of deferred income tax expense (benefit) of $(2) and $(2))	17		8
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) arising during the period	11		(11)

Foreign currency translation adjustment	11		(11)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	1,158		(398)
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest	13		(4)
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	1,145	$	(394)

______________

(1)See “reclassification adjustments” in Note 3 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements. Reclassification amounts presented net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(2) million and $(5) million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Investment gains and losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (loss) primarily consist of realized gains (losses) on sales and credit losses of AFS securities and are included in total investment gains (losses), net on the consolidated statements of income (loss). Amounts reclassified from AOCI to net income (loss) as related to defined benefit plans primarily consist of amortization of net (gains) losses and net prior service cost (credit) recognized as a component of

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

net periodic cost and reported in compensation and benefits in the consolidated statements of income (loss). Amounts presented in the table above are net of tax.

14) SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Borrowings

Our financial strategy going forward will remain subject to market conditions and other factors. For example, we may from time to time enter into additional bank or other financing arrangements, including public or private debt, structured facilities and contingent capital arrangements, under which we could incur additional indebtedness.

The following table sets forth the Company’s total consolidated borrowings. Short-term and long-term debt consists of the following:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Short-term debt:
AB Commercial paper	$	—	$	—



Total short-term debt	—		—
Long-term debt:
Senior Debenture due 2028	250		250
Senior Note due 2028	1,495		1,494
Senior Note due 2029	304		303
Senior Note due 2033	497		497
Senior Note due 2048	1,289		1,289
Junior Sub Debt Securities due 2055	495		—
Total long-term debt	4,330		3,833
Total short and long-term debt	$	4,330	$	3,833

Junior Subordinated Debt Securities

On March 26, 2025, Holdings issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of 6.7% Fixed-to-Fixed Reset Rate Junior Subordinated Debt Securities due 2055 (the “Junior Subordinated Debt Securities”). These amounts were recorded net of the underwriting discount and issuance costs of $6 million. Interest will be paid (i) from, and including, March 26, 2025 to, but excluding, March 28, 2035 at the rate of 6.7% per annum and (ii) from, and including, March 28, 2035, during each interest period, at a rate per annum equal to the five-year Treasury rate as of the most recent reset interest determination date, in each case to be reset on each interest reset date, plus 2.4%, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 28 and September 28 of each year, beginning on September 28, 2025, and on the maturity date.

15) REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

The changes in the components of redeemable noncontrolling interests were as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	125	$	770
Net earnings (loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests		3		18

Purchase/change of redeemable noncontrolling interests		161		203
Balance, end of period		$	289	$	991

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

16) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

Litigation, regulatory and other loss contingencies arise in the ordinary course of the Company’s activities as a diversified financial services firm. The Company is a defendant in a number of litigation matters arising from the conduct of its business. In some of these matters, claimants seek to recover very large or indeterminate amounts, including compensatory, punitive, treble and exemplary damages. Modern pleading practice permits considerable variation in the assertion of monetary damages and other relief. Claimants are not always required to specify the monetary damages they seek, or they may be required only to state an amount sufficient to meet a court’s jurisdictional requirements. Moreover, some jurisdictions allow claimants to allege monetary damages that far exceed any reasonably possible verdict. The variability in pleading requirements and past experience demonstrates that the monetary and other relief that may be requested in a lawsuit or claim often bears little relevance to the merits or potential value of a claim. Litigation against the Company includes a variety of claims including, among other things, insurers’ sales practices, alleged agent misconduct, alleged failure to properly supervise agents, contract administration, product design, features and accompanying disclosure, COI increases, payments of death benefits and the reporting and escheatment of unclaimed property, alleged breach of fiduciary duties, alleged mismanagement of client funds and other matters.

The outcome of a litigation or regulatory matter is difficult to predict, and the amount or range of potential losses associated with these or other loss contingencies requires significant management judgment. It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome or to provide reasonably possible losses or ranges of losses for all pending regulatory matters, litigation and other loss contingencies. While it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain cases could have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s financial position, based on information currently known, management believes that neither the outcome of pending litigation and regulatory matters, nor potential liabilities associated with other loss contingencies, are likely to have such an effect. However, given the large and indeterminate amounts sought in certain litigation and the inherent unpredictability of all such matters, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain of the Company’s litigation or regulatory matters, or liabilities arising from other loss contingencies, could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect upon the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular quarterly or annual period.

For some matters, the Company is able to estimate a range of loss. For such matters in which a loss is probable, an accrual has been made. For matters where the Company believes a loss is reasonably possible, but not probable, no accrual is required. For matters for which an accrual has been made, but there remains a reasonably possible range of loss in excess of the amounts accrued or for matters where no accrual is required, the Company develops an estimate of the unaccrued amounts of the reasonably possible range of losses. As of March 31, 2025, the Company estimates the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of any amounts accrued for these matters as of such date, to be up to approximately $100 million.

For other matters, the Company is currently not able to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss. The Company is often unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss until developments in such matters have provided sufficient information to support an assessment of the range of possible loss, such as quantification of a damage demand from plaintiffs, discovery from plaintiffs and other parties, investigation of factual allegations, rulings by a court on motions or appeals, analysis by experts and the progress of settlement discussions. On a quarterly and annual basis, the Company reviews relevant information with respect to litigation and regulatory contingencies and updates the Company’s accruals, disclosures and reasonably possible losses or ranges of loss based on such reviews.

In July 2022, the trial court in Hobish v. AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company, granted in significant part Equitable Financial’s motion for summary judgment and denied plaintiff’s cross motion. After several appeals, the state’s highest court affirmed the decision. This matter was subsequently settled in March 2025.

As with other financial services companies, Equitable Financial periodically receives informal and formal requests for information from various state and federal governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations in connection with inquiries and investigations of the products and practices of the Company or the financial services industry. It is the practice of the Company to cooperate fully in these matters.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Obligations under Funding Agreements

Pre-Capitalized Trust Securities (“P-Caps”)

In April 2019, pursuant to separate Purchase Agreements among Holdings, Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers, and the Trusts (as defined below), Pine Street Trust I, a Delaware statutory trust (the “2029 Trust”), completed the issuance and sale of 600,000 of its Pre-Capitalized Trust Securities redeemable February 15, 2029 (the “2029 P-Caps”) for an aggregate purchase price of $600 million and Pine Street Trust II, a Delaware statutory trust (the “2049 Trust” and, together with the 2029 Trust, the “Trusts”), completed the issuance and sale of 400,000 of its Pre-Capitalized Trust Securities redeemable February 15, 2049 (the “2049 P-Caps” and, together with the 2029 P-Caps, the “P-Caps”) for an aggregate purchase price of $400 million in each case to qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A that are also “qualified purchasers” for purposes of Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

In June 2024, the Company exercised its issuance right under the Facility Agreement, dated April 5, 2019 (the “2029 Trust Facility Agreement”) to issue $600 million principal amount of the Company’s 4.572% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”) in exchange for the portfolio of principal and interest strips of U.S. Treasury securities held by the 2029 Trust (the “2029 Trust Eligible Assets”). Following the Company’s exercise of its issuance right under the 2029 Trust Facility Agreement, the Company: (i) issued $600 million principal amount of the 2029 Notes to the 2029 Trust on June 6, 2024 in exchange for the 2029 Trust Eligible Assets; (ii) waived its right to repurchase the 2029 Notes; and (iii) directed the trustee of the 2029 Trust to dissolve the 2029 Trust in accordance with its declaration of trust and deliver the 2029 Notes to the beneficial holders of the 2029 P-Caps pro rata in respect of each 2029 P-Cap. The 2029 Trust was dissolved on June 11, 2024 and the beneficial holders of the 2029 P-Caps received the 2029 Notes through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company. See Note 14 for additional details on the 2029 Notes.

In addition, in June 2024, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement among Holdings, TD Securities (USA) LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representative of the several initial purchasers, and Pine Street Trust III, a Delaware statutory trust ( “2054 Trust”), completed the issuance and sale of 600,000 of its Pre-Capitalized Trust Securities redeemable May 15, 2054 (the “2054 P-Caps”) for an aggregate purchase price of $600 million to qualified institutional buyers in reliance on Rule 144A that are also “qualified purchasers” for purposes of Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

The P-Caps are an off-balance sheet contingent funding arrangement that, upon Holdings’ election, gives Holdings the right over a thirty-year period to issue senior notes to the 2049 Trust and the 2054 Trusts. The Trust have invested the proceeds from the respective sales of their P-Caps in separate portfolios of principal and/or interest strips of U.S. Treasury securities. In return, Holdings will, in the case of the 2054 Trust, pay, and in the case of the 2049 Trust, continue to pay, a semi-annual facility fee to the 2049 Trust and 2054 Trust calculated at a rate of 2.715% and 1.779% per annum, respectively, which will be applied to the unexercised portion of the contingent funding arrangement and Holdings will reimburse the Trusts for certain expenses. The facility fees are recorded in other operating costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of income (loss).

FHLB

As a member of the FHLB, Equitable Financial and Equitable America have access to collateralized borrowings. They also may issue funding agreements to the FHLB. Both the collateralized borrowings and funding agreements would require Equitable Financial or Equitable America to pledge qualified mortgage-backed assets and/or government securities as collateral. Equitable Financial issues short-term funding agreements to the FHLB and uses the funds for asset, liability, and cash management purposes. Equitable Financial issues long-term funding agreements to the FHLB and uses the funds for spread lending purposes.

Entering into FHLB membership, borrowings and funding agreements requires the ownership of FHLB stock and the pledge of assets as collateral. Equitable Financial has purchased FHLB stock of $322 million and pledged collateral with a carrying value of $10.7 billion as of March 31, 2025. Equitable America has purchased FHLB stock of $4 million as of March 31, 2025.

Funding agreements are reported in policyholders’ account balances in the consolidated balance sheets. For other instruments used for asset/liability and cash management purposes, see “Offsetting of Financial Assets and Liabilities and Derivative Instruments” included in Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements. The table below summarizes the Company’s activity of funding agreements with the FHLB.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Change in FHLB Funding Agreements during the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025


	Outstanding Balance at December 31, 2024		Issued During the Period		Repaid During the Period		Long-term Agreements Maturing Within One Year		Long-term Agreements Maturing Within Five Years		Outstanding Balance at March 31, 2025
	(in millions)
Short-term funding agreements:
Due in one year or less	$	5,843	$	17,423	$	(17,723)	$	—	$	—	$	5,543
Long-term funding agreements:
Due in years two through five	829		—		—		—		—		829
Due in more than five years	493		—		—		—		—		493
Total long-term funding agreements	1,322		—		—		—		—		1,322
Total funding agreements (1)	$	7,165	$	17,423	$	(17,723)	$	—	$	—	$	6,865

_____________

(1)The $14 million and $2 million difference between the funding agreements carrying value shown in fair value table for March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, reflects the remaining amortization of a hedge implemented and closed, which locked in the funding agreements borrowing rates.

FABN

Under the FABN program, Equitable Financial may issue funding agreements in U.S. dollar or other foreign currencies to a Delaware special purpose statutory trust (the “Trust”) in exchange for the proceeds from issuances of fixed and floating rate medium-term marketable notes issued by the Trust from time to time (the “Trust Notes”). The funding agreements have matching interest, maturity and currency payment terms to the applicable Trust Notes. The Company hedges the foreign currency exposure of foreign currency denominated funding agreements using cross currency swaps as discussed in Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements. As of March 31, 2025, the maximum aggregate principal amount of Trust Notes permitted to be outstanding at any one time is $10.0 billion. Funding agreements issued to the Trust, including any foreign currency transaction adjustments, are reported in policyholders’ account balances in the consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction adjustments to policyholder’s account balances are recognized in net income (loss) as an adjustment to interest credited to policyholders’ account balances and are offset in interest credited to policyholders’ account balances by a release of AOCI from deferred changes in fair value of designated and qualifying cross currency swap cash flow hedges. The table below summarizes Equitable Financial’s activity of funding agreements under the FABN program.

Change in FABN Funding Agreements during the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025


	Outstanding Balance at December 31, 2024		Issued During the Period		Repaid During the Period		Long-term Agreements Maturing Within One Year		Long-term Agreements Maturing Within Five Years		Foreign Currency Transaction Adjustment		Outstanding Balance at March 31, 2025
	(in millions)
Short-term funding agreements:
Due in one year or less	$	1,050	$	300	$	—	$	450	$	—	$	—	$	1,800
Long-term funding agreements:
Due in years two through five	4,393		1,000		—		(450)		—		35		4,978
Due in more than five years	300		—		—		—		—		—		300
Total long-term funding agreements	4,693		1,000		—		(450)		—		35		5,278
Total funding agreements (1)	$	5,743	$	1,300	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	35	$	7,078

_____________

(1)The $22 million and $18 million difference between the funding agreements notional value shown and carrying value table as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, reflects the remaining amortization of the issuance cost of the funding agreements and the foreign currency transaction adjustment.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

FABCP

In May 2023, Equitable Financial and Equitable America established a FABCP program, pursuant to which a SPLLC may issue commercial paper and deposit the proceeds with Equitable Financial or Equitable America pursuant to a funding agreement issued by Equitable Financial or Equitable America to the SPLLC. The current maximum aggregate principal amount permitted to be outstanding at any one time under the FABCP program is $3.0 billion for Equitable Financial and $1.0 billion for Equitable America. As of March 31, 2025, Equitable Financial and Equitable America had $850 million and $0 million outstanding under the program, respectively.

Credit Facilities

For information regarding activity pertaining to our credit facilities arrangements, see Note 14 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements.

Guarantees and Other Commitments

The Company provides certain guarantees or commitments to affiliates and others. As of March 31, 2025, these arrangements include commitments by the Company to provide equity financing of $1.1 billion to certain limited partnerships and real estate joint ventures under certain conditions as well as a guarantee of a subsidiary’s performance under a reinsurance arrangement that will no longer be in effect once certain conditions at the subsidiary are met and notice is provided. Management believes the Company will not incur material losses as a result of these commitments.

The Company had $17 million of undrawn letters of credit related to reinsurance as of March 31, 2025. The Company had $614 million of commitments under existing mortgage loan agreements as of March 31, 2025.

The Company is the obligor under certain structured settlement agreements it had entered into with unaffiliated insurance companies and beneficiaries. To satisfy its obligations under these agreements, the Company owns single premium annuities issued by previously wholly-owned life insurance subsidiaries. The Company has directed payment under these annuities to be made directly to the beneficiaries under the structured settlement agreements. A contingent liability exists with respect to these agreements should the previously wholly-owned subsidiaries be unable to meet their obligations. Management believes the need for the Company to satisfy those obligations is remote.

17) BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

We have six reportable segments: Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Asset Management, Protection Solutions, Wealth Management and Legacy.

These segments reflect the manner by which the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) views and manages the business. A brief description of these segments follows:

•The Individual Retirement (“IR”) segment offers a diverse suite of variable annuity products which are primarily sold to affluent and high net worth individuals saving for retirement or seeking retirement income.

•The Group Retirement (“GR”) segment offers tax-deferred investment and retirement services or products to plans sponsored by educational entities, municipalities, and not-for-profit entities, as well as small and medium-sized businesses.

•The Asset Management (“AM”) segment provides diversified investment management and related solutions globally to a broad range of clients through three main client channels - Institutional, Retail and Private Wealth.

•The Protection Solutions (“PS”) segment includes our life insurance and group EB businesses.

•The Wealth Management (“WM”) segment offers discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory accounts, financial planning and advice, life insurance, and annuity products through Equitable Advisors.

•The Legacy (“L”) segment primarily consists of the capital intensive fixed-rate GMxB business written in the Individual Retirement market prior to 2011.

The CODM is the chief executive officer and President of Holdings. The CODM evaluates the reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Significant segment expenses are part of the CODM review and are critically important to understand the level of profitability of operating

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

segments but also the overall company performance. This assessment will inform the way the allocation of resources will be done among the different operating segments.

Measurement

Operating earnings (loss) is the financial measure which primarily focuses on the Company’s segments’ results of operations as well as the underlying profitability of the Company’s core business. By excluding items that can be distortive and unpredictable such as investment gains (losses) and investment income (loss) from derivative instruments, the Company believes operating earnings (loss) by segment enhances the understanding of the Company’s underlying drivers of profitability and trends in the Company’s segments.

Operating earnings is calculated by adjusting each segment’s net income (loss) attributable to Holdings for the following items:

•Items related to variable annuity product features, which include: (i) changes in the fair value of MRB and purchased MRB, including the related attributed fees and claims, offset by derivatives and other securities used to hedge the MRB which result in residual net income volatility as the change in fair value of certain securities is reflected in OCI and due to our statutory capital hedge program; and (ii) market adjustments to deposit asset or liability accounts arising from reinsurance agreements which do not expose the reinsurer to a reasonable possibility of a significant loss from insurance risk;

•Investment (gains) losses, which includes credit loss impairments of securities/investments, sales or disposals of securities/investments, realized capital gains/losses and valuation allowances;

•Net actuarial (gains) losses, which includes actuarial gains and losses as a result of differences between actual and expected experience on pension plan assets or projected benefit obligation during a given period related to pension, other postretirement benefit obligations, and the one-time impact of the settlement of the defined benefit obligation;

•Other adjustments, which primarily include restructuring costs related to severance and separation, lease write-offs related to non-recurring restructuring activities, net derivative gains (losses) on certain Non-GMxB derivatives, net investment income from certain items including consolidated VIE investments, seed capital mark-to-market adjustments, unrealized gain/losses and realized capital gains/losses from sales or disposals of select securities, certain legal accruals; a bespoke deal to repurchase UL policies from one entity that had invested in numerous policies purchased in the life settlement market, which disposed of the risk of additional COI litigation by that entity related to those UL policies, impact of the annual actuarial assumption updates attributable to LFPB when the majority of the impact relates to the non-core business; and

•Income tax expense (benefit) related to the above items and non-recurring tax items, which includes the effect of uncertain tax positions for a given audit period and changes to the deferred tax valuation allowance.

The General Account investment portfolio is used to support the insurance and annuity liabilities of our Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Protection Solutions and Legacy business segments.

During the third quarter 2024, the Company moved revenues and expenses related to payout annuitizations from the Legacy segment to the Individual Retirement segment. Now all payout annuities are reported within the Individual Retirement segment as the block is managed on an aggregate basis. Prior periods have been recast to reflect this change.

Revenues derived from any customer did not exceed 10% of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

The Company accounts for inter-segment sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties, that is, at current market prices.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

The table below presents operating earnings (loss) by segment and Corporate and Other (C&O):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	IR		GR		AM		PS		WM		L		C&O		Eliminations		Total
	(in millions)
Segment revenues	$	997	$	316	$	1,088	$	826	$	463	$	120	$	204	$	(230)	$	3,784

Benefits and other deductions
Policyholders’ benefits	92		—		—		556		—		—		111		—		759
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	365		63		—		121		—		7		107		—		663
Commissions and distribution related payments	98		43		201		42		293		36		6		(218)		501
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	124		15		—		32		—		15		2		—		188
Compensation and benefits	18		12		422		38		82		7		13		—		592
Interest expense and financing fees	—		—		7		2		—		—		53		(4)		58
Significant segment expenses	697		133		630		791		375		65		292		(222)		2,761
Other segment items (1)	45		30		185		54		27		27		31		(8)		391
Income taxes	(39)		(23)		(41)		3		(15)		(4)		17		—		(102)
Less: Operating (earnings) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	—		—		106		1		—		—		2		—		109
Operating earnings (loss)	$	216	$	130	$	126	$	(17)	$	46	$	24	$	(104)	$	—	$	421

_____________

(1)Other segment items include Remeasurment for liability for future policy benefits and Other operating expenses and costs. Additionally, other segment items reflected in Asset Management segment is primarily driven by other operating expense and costs related to general and administrative costs and promotion and servicing expenses.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	IR		GR		AM		PS		WM		L		C&O		Eliminations		Total
	(in millions)
Segment revenues	$	840	$	291	$	1,093	$	824	$	423	$	129	$	255	$	(216)	$	3,639

Benefits and other deductions
Policyholders’ benefits	77		—		—		487		—		—		113		—		677
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	248		52		—		128		—		9		142		—		579
Commissions and distribution related payments	77		44		173		40		260		40		3		(200)		437
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	109		15		—		30		—		16		2		—		172
Compensation and benefits	17		10		447		36		78		9		2		—		599
Interest expense and financing fees	—		—		17		—		—		—		56		(10)		63
Significant segment expenses	528		121		637		721		338		74		318		(210)		2,527
Other segment items (1)	34		25		208		52		27		16		61		(6)		417
Income taxes	(40)		(21)		(44)		(7)		(15)		(6)		23		—		(110)
Less: Operating (earnings) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	—		—		98		—		—		—		10		—		108
Operating earnings (loss)	$	238	$	124	$	106	$	44	$	43	$	33	$	(111)	$	—	$	477

_____________

The table below presents a reconciliation to net income (loss) attributable to Holdings:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		$	63	$	92
Adjustments related to:
Variable annuity product (1)		211		330
Investment (gains) losses		14		39
Net actuarial (gains) losses related to pension and other postretirement benefit obligations		11		17
Other adjustments (2)		205		91
Income tax expense (benefit) related to above adjustments		(92)		(100)
Non-recurring tax items		9		8
Operating earnings (loss)		$	421	$	477

_____________

(1)As a result of the novation of certain Legacy VA policies completed during the first quarter, the Company recorded a loss of $499 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

(2)Includes a loss of $165 million on Non-GMxB derivatives, including our statutory capital hedging program for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and includes certain gross legal expenses related to the COI litigation of $106 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Segment revenues is a measure of the Company’s revenue by segment as adjusted to exclude certain items. The following table reconciles segment revenues to total revenues by excluding the following items:

•Items related to variable annuity product features, which include certain changes in the fair value of the derivatives and other securities we use to hedge these features and changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives reflected within the net derivative results of variable annuity product features;

•Investment (gains) losses, which includes credit loss impairments of securities/investments, sales or disposals of securities/investments, realized capital gains/losses and valuation allowances;

•Other adjustments, which primarily includes net derivative gains (losses) on certain Non-GMxB derivatives and Net investment income from certain items including consolidated VIE investments, seed capital mark-to-market adjustments and unrealized gain/losses associated with equity securities.

The table below presents revenues by segment and C&O:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Segment revenues:
Individual Retirement (1)	$	997	$	840
Group Retirement (1)	316		291
Asset Management (2)	1,088		1,093
Protection Solutions (1)	826		824
Wealth Management (3)	463		423
Legacy (1)	120		129
Corporate and Other (1)	204		255
Eliminations	(230)		(216)

Adjustments related to:
Variable annuity product features, excluding change in MRBs (4)	975		(1,419)
Investment gains (losses), net	(14)		(39)
Other adjustments to segment revenues (4)	(169)		49
Total revenues	$	4,576	$	2,230

______________

(1)Includes investment expenses charged by AB of $34 million and $36 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, for services provided to the Company.

(2)Inter-segment investment management and other fees of $42 million and $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are included in segment revenues of the Asset Management segment.

(3)Inter-segment distribution fees of $218 million and $200 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are included in segment revenues of the Wealth Management segment.

(4)Prior periods were revised to conform with current presentation.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

Total assets by segment were as follows:


	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Total assets by segment:
Individual Retirement	$	118,123	$	110,358
Group Retirement	50,353		51,269
Asset Management	10,845		10,514
Protection Solutions	41,725		41,583
Wealth Management	191		168
Legacy	34,955		42,373
Corporate and Other	31,174		39,462
Total assets	$	287,366	$	295,727

18) INSURANCE STATUTORY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Prescribed and Permitted Accounting Practices

As of March 31, 2025, the following five prescribed and permitted practices resulted in net income (loss) and capital and surplus that is different from the statutory surplus that would have been reported had NAIC statutory accounting practices been applied.

Equitable Financial was granted a permitted practice by the NYDFS to apply SSAP 108, Derivatives Hedging Variable Annuity Guarantees on a retroactive basis from January 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021, after reflecting the impacts of our reinsurance transaction with Venerable. The permitted practice was amended to also permit Equitable Financial to adopt SSAP 108 prospectively as of July 1, 2021 and to consider the impact of both the interest rate derivatives and the General Account assets used to fully hedge the interest rate risk inherent in its variable annuity guarantees when determining the amount of the deferred asset or liability under SSAP 108. Application of the permitted practice partially mitigates the New York Insurance Regulation 213 (“Reg 213”) impact of the Venerable transaction on Equitable Financial’s statutory capital and surplus and enables Equitable Financial to more effectively neutralize the impact of interest rates on its statutory surplus and to better align with our economic hedging program. The impact of applying this permitted practice relative to SSAP 108 as written was a decrease of approximately $134 million in statutory special surplus funds as of March 31, 2025. The Reinsurance Treaty reduced the amount of interest rate hedging needed at Equitable Financial going forward, affecting future deferrals, but leaves our historical SSAP 108 deferred amounts unchanged. The permitted practice also reset Equitable Financial’s unassigned surplus to zero as of June 30, 2021 to reflect the transformative nature of the Venerable transaction.

The Manual has been adopted as a component of prescribed or permitted practices by the State of New York. However, Reg 213 adopted in May of 2019 and as amended in February 2020 and March 2021, differs from the NAIC variable annuity reserve and capital framework. Reg 213 requires Equitable Financial to carry statutory basis reserves for its variable annuity contract obligations equal to the greater of those required under (i) the NAIC standard or (ii) a revised version of the NYDFS requirement in effect prior to the adoption of the first amendment for contracts issued prior to January 1, 2020, and for policies issued after that date a new standard that in current market conditions imposes more conservative reserving requirements for variable annuity contracts than the NAIC standard.

The impact of the application of Reg 213 was a decrease of approximately $143 million in statutory surplus as of March 31, 2025 compared to statutory surplus under the NAIC variable annuity framework. Our hedging program is designed to hedge the economics of our insurance liabilities and largely offsets Reg 213 and NAIC framework reserve movements due to interest rates and equities. The NYDFS allows domestic insurance companies a five year phase-in provision for Reg 213 reserves. As of September 30, 2022, Equitable Financial’s Reg 213 reserves were 100% phased-in. As of March 31, 2025, given the prevailing market conditions and business mix, there are $131 million Reg 213 redundant reserves over the US RBC CTE 98 TAR.

During the fourth quarter 2020, Equitable Financial received approval from NYDFS for its proposed amended Plan of Operation for Separate Account No. 68 (“SA 68”) for our Structured Capital Strategies product and Separate Account No. 69 (“SA 69”) for our EQUI-VEST product Structured Investment Option, to change the accounting basis of these two non-insulated Separate Accounts from fair value to book value in accordance with Section 1414 of the Insurance Law to align with how we manage and measure our overall General Account asset portfolio. In order to facilitate this

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

change and comply with Section 4240(a)(10), the Company also sought approval to amend the Plans to remove the requirement to comply with Section 4240(a)(5)(iii) and substitute it with a commitment to comply with Section 4240(a)(5)(i). Similarly, the Company updated the reserves section of each Plan to reflect the fact that Regulation 128 would no longer be applicable upon the change in accounting basis. We applied this change effective January 1, 2021. The impact of the application is an increase of approximately $2.8 billion in statutory surplus as of March 31, 2025.

During 2022, Equitable America received approval from the Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions pursuant to A.R.S. 20-515 for Separate Account No. 68A (“SA 68A”) for our Structured Capital Strategies product, Separate Account No. 69A (“SA 69A”) for our EQUI-VEST product Structured Investment Option and Separate Account No. 71A (“SA 71A”) for our Investment Edge Structured Investment Option, to permit us to use book value as the accounting basis of these three non-insulated Separate Accounts instead of fair value in accordance with the Manual to align with how we manage and measure our overall General Account asset portfolio. The impact of the application is a decrease of approximately $2 million in statutory surplus as of March 31, 2025.

The Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions granted to Equitable America a permitted practice to deviate from SSAP No. 108 by applying special accounting treatment for specific derivatives hedging variable annuity benefits subject to fluctuations as a result of interest rate sensitivities. The permitted practice expands on SSAP No. 108 hedge accounting to include equity risks for the full scope of Variable Annuity (VA) contracts (i.e., not just the rider guarantees but for the VA total contract). The permitted practice allows Equitable America to adopt SSAP 108 retroactively from October 1, 2023 and applies to both directly held VA hedges as well as VA hedges in the Equitable America funds withheld asset that resulted from the Reinsurance Treaty. In the calculation of the amount of excess VA equity and interest rate derivative hedging gains/losses to defer (including Net investment income on our Equity Total Return Swaps), the permitted practice allows us to compare our total equity and interest derivatives gains and losses to 100% of our target liability change. Any hedge gain or loss deferrals will follow SSAP No. 108 amortization rules (i.e. 10-year straight line). The impact of applying this revised permitted practice relative to SSAP 108 was an increase of approximately $658 million in statutory special surplus funds as of March 31, 2025.

19) EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) and weighted-average common shares used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per common share:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions, except per share data)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — basic		307.8		330.2
Effect of dilutive potential common shares:
Employee share awards (1)		4.1		2.5
Weighted-average common shares outstanding — diluted		311.9		332.7

Net income (loss):
Net income (loss)		$	150	$	195
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest		87		103
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		63		92
Less: Preferred stock dividends		14		14
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders		$	49	$	78

Earnings per common share:
Basic		$	0.16	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.16	$	0.23

______________

(1)Calculated using the treasury stock method.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued

For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, 1.9 million, and 3.0 million, respectively, of outstanding stock awards, were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect was anti-dilutive.

20) REVISION OF PRIOR PERIOD FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Management assessed the materiality of this change within prior period financial statements based upon SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Number 99, Materiality, which is since codified in ASC 250, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections. The prior period comparative financial statements that are presented herein have been revised.

The following tables present line items for prior period financial statements that have been affected by the revision. For these line items, the tables detail the amounts as previously reported, the impact upon those line items due to the revision, and the amounts as currently revised within the financial statements.

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Balance Sheets:
ASSETS
Investments:






Trading securities, at fair value	$	1,095	$	(6)	$	1,089	$	2,215	$	—	$	2,215

Total investments	116,447		(6)		116,441		114,246		—		114,246






Amounts due from reinsurers	8,044		(145)		7,899		8,222		(154)		8,068


Current and deferred income taxes	1,997		6		2,003		1,701		6		1,707




Separate Accounts assets	134,711		6		134,717		137,407		—		137,407
Total Assets	$	295,866	$	(139)	$	295,727	$	298,989	$	(148)	$	298,841
LIABILITIES
Policyholders’ account balances	$	110,965	$	(36)	$	110,929	$	107,433	$	(29)	$	107,404





Amounts due to reinsurers	1,407		14		1,421		1,421		5		1,426





Other liabilities	7,135		(103)		7,032		6,645		(105)		6,540

Separate Accounts liabilities	134,711		6		134,717		137,407		—		137,407
Total Liabilities	292,298		(119)		292,179		292,791		(129)		292,662


EQUITY




Retained earnings	10,647		(20)		10,627		9,977		(13)		9,964
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(8,712)		—		(8,712)		(6,595)		(6)		(6,601)
Total equity attributable to Holdings	1,585		(20)		1,565		3,220		(19)		3,201
Noncontrolling interest	1,858		—		1,858		1,755		—		1,755
Total Equity	3,443		(20)		3,423		4,975		(19)		4,956
Total Equity and Redeemable NCI	3,568		(20)		3,548		6,198		(19)		6,179
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity	$	295,866	$	(139)	$	295,727	$	298,989	$	(148)	$	298,841


	June 30, 2024		March 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Balance Sheets:
ASSETS
















Amounts due from reinsurers	$	8,237	$	(150)	$	8,087	$	8,387	$	(135)	$	8,252


Current and deferred income taxes	2,117		12		2,129		2,063		12		2,075
Purchased market risk benefits	7,993		9		8,002		8,337		11		8,348
Other assets	3,825		3		3,828		3,618		1		3,619
Assets for market risk benefits	803		(4)		799		818		3		821


Total Assets	$	287,769	$	(130)	$	287,639	$	285,577	$	(108)	$	285,469
LIABILITIES
Policyholders’ account balances	$	104,072	$	(23)	$	104,049	$	100,246	$	(18)	$	100,228
Liability for market risk benefits	12,593		19		12,612		12,814		19		12,833
Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities	17,417		16		17,433		17,324		16		17,340



Amounts due to reinsurers	1,363		10		1,373		1,377		25		1,402





Other liabilities	6,718		(106)		6,612		6,511		(110)		6,401


Total Liabilities	283,296		(84)		283,212		280,831		(68)		280,763


EQUITY




Retained earnings	10,317		(16)		10,301		10,110		(15)		10,095
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(8,645)		(30)		(8,675)		(8,166)		(25)		(8,191)
Total equity attributable to Holdings	1,644		(46)		1,598		2,032		(40)		1,992
Noncontrolling interest	1,741		—		1,741		1,723		—		1,723
Total Equity	3,385		(46)		3,339		3,755		(40)		3,715
Total Equity and Redeemable NCI	4,473		(46)		4,427		4,746		(40)		4,706
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity	$	287,769	$	(130)	$	287,639	$	285,577	$	(108)	$	285,469

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	December 31, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Balance Sheets:
ASSETS















Amounts due from reinsurers	$	8,352	$	(155)	$	8,197


Current and deferred income taxes	2,050		4		2,054
Purchased market risk benefits	9,427		28		9,455
Other assets	3,323		1		3,324
Assets for market risk benefits	591		3		594


Total Assets	$	276,814	$	(119)	$	276,695
LIABILITIES
Policyholders’ account balances	$	95,673	$	(30)	$	95,643
Liability for market risk benefits	14,612		18		14,630
Future policy benefits and other policyholders’ liabilities	17,363		11		17,374



Amounts due to reinsurers	1,450		7		1,457





Other liabilities	6,088		(112)		5,976


Total Liabilities	271,656		(106)		271,550


EQUITY




Retained earnings	10,243		7		10,250
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)
Total equity attributable to Holdings	2,649		(13)		2,636
Noncontrolling interest	1,739		—		1,739
Total Equity	4,388		(13)		4,375
Total Equity and Redeemable NCI	5,158		(13)		5,145
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Equity	$	276,814	$	(119)	$	276,695

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	1,162	$	10	$	1,172

Net investment income (loss)	4,896		(15)		4,881





Other income	1,305		(7)		1,298
Total revenues	12,437		(12)		12,425

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	6		(12)		(6)
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	(1,971)		31		(1,940)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	2,499		(6)		2,493
Compensation and benefits	2,441		10		2,451




Total benefits and other deductions	10,326		23		10,349
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	2,111		(35)		2,076
Income tax (expense) benefit	(288)		8		(280)
Net income (loss)	1,823		(27)		1,796
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	516		—		516
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,307		(27)		1,280
Less: Preferred stock dividends	80		—		80
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	1,227	$	(27)	$	1,200

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	3.82	$	(0.08)	$	3.74
Diluted	$	3.78	$	(0.09)	$	3.69
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	321.2		—		321.2
Diluted	324.8		—		324.8

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	313	$	(1)	$	312	$	870	$	9	$	879

Net investment income (loss)	1,309		(1)		1,308		3,694		(9)		3,685





Other income	301		(1)		300		989		(6)		983
Total revenues	3,076		(3)		3,073		8,816		(6)		8,810

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	16		(17)		(1)		9		(12)		(3)
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	79		18		97		(1,154)		31		(1,123)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	708		(7)		701		1,879		—		1,879





Total benefits and other deductions	3,090		(6)		3,084		7,902		19		7,921
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	(14)		3		(11)		914		(25)		889
Income tax (expense) benefit	40		(1)		39		(106)		5		(101)
Net income (loss)	26		2		28		808		(20)		788
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	160		—		160		400		—		400
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	(134)		2		(132)		408		(20)		388
Less: Preferred stock dividends	14		—		14		54		—		54
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	(148)	$	2	$	(146)	$	354	$	(20)	$	334

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	(0.47)	$	0.01	$	(0.46)	$	1.09	$	(0.06)	$	1.03
Diluted	$	(0.47)	$	0.01	$	(0.46)	$	1.08	$	(0.06)	$	1.02
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	318.2		—		318.2		324.2		—		324.2
Diluted	318.2		—		318.2		327.7		—		327.7

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024		Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	282	$	—	$	282	$	557	$	10	$	567

Net investment income (loss)	1,166		1		1,167		2,385		(8)		2,377




Investment management and service fees	1,240		—		1,240		2,518		—		2,518
Other income	429		(4)		425		688		(5)		683
Total revenues	3,510		(3)		3,507		5,740		(3)		5,737

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	(8)		1		(7)		(7)		5		(2)
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	(133)		1		(132)		(1,233)		13		(1,220)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	605		(6)		599		1,171		7		1,178




Other operating costs and expenses	427		1		428		980		—		980
Total benefits and other deductions	2,829		(3)		2,826		4,812		25		4,837
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	681		—		681		928		(28)		900
Income tax (expense) benefit	(116)		—		(116)		(146)		6		(140)
Net income (loss)	565		—		565		782		(22)		760
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	137		—		137		240		—		240
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	428		—		428		542		(22)		520
Less: Preferred stock dividends	26		—		26		40		—		40
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	402	$	—	$	402	$	502	$	(22)	$	480

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	1.24	$	—	$	1.24	$	1.53	$	(0.06)	$	1.47
Diluted	$	1.23	$	—	$	1.23	$	1.52	$	(0.07)	$	1.45
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	324.2		—		324.2		327.2		—		327.2
Diluted	327.3		—		327.3		330.4		—		330.4

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
		(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums		$	275	$	10	$	285

Net investment income (loss)		1,219		(9)		1,210





Other income		259		(1)		258
Total revenues		2,230		—		2,230

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits		1		4		5
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits		(1,100)		12		(1,088)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		566		13		579




Other operating costs and expenses		553		(1)		552
Total benefits and other deductions		1,983		28		2,011
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes		247		(28)		219
Income tax (expense) benefit		(30)		6		(24)
Net income (loss)		217		(22)		195
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest		103		—		103
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		114		(22)		92
Less: Preferred stock dividends		14		—		14
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders		$	100	$	(22)	$	78

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic		$	0.30	$	(0.06)	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.30	$	(0.07)	$	0.23
Shares Outstanding:
Basic		330.2		—		330.2
Diluted		332.7		—		332.7

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	1,104	$	(9)	$	1,095

Net investment income (loss)	4,320		(50)		4,270





Other income	1,014		(9)		1,005
Total revenues	10,528		(68)		10,460

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	75		11		86
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	(1,807)		(8)		(1,815)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	2,083		(42)		2,041
Compensation and benefits	2,328		(5)		2,323




Total benefits and other deductions	9,790		(44)		9,746
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	738		(24)		714
Income tax (expense) benefit	905		5		910
Net income (loss)	1,643		(19)		1,624
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	341		—		341
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,302		(19)		1,283
Less: Preferred stock dividends	80		—		80
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	1,222	$	(19)	$	1,203

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	3.49	$	(0.05)	$	3.44
Diluted	$	3.48	$	(0.06)	$	3.42
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	350.1		—		350.1
Diluted	351.6		—		351.6

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	267	$	(4)	$	263	$	823	$	(7)	$	816

Net investment income (loss)	1,071		(2)		1,069		3,097		6		3,103





Other income	266		15		281		775		(6)		769
Total revenues	3,624		9		3,633		8,358		(7)		8,351

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders' benefits	693		1		694		2,107		1		2,108
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	49		34		83		46		34		80
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	(817)		(2)		(819)		(1,772)		8		(1,764)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	556		(4)		552		1,520		(20)		1,500
Compensation and benefits	593		—		593		1,742		(5)		1,737



Other operating costs and expenses	450		—		450		1,339		1		1,340
Total benefits and other deductions	2,149		29		2,178		6,803		19		6,822
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	1,475		(20)		1,455		1,555		(26)		1,529
Income tax (expense) benefit	(340)		4		(336)		677		6		683
Net income (loss)	1,135		(16)		1,119		2,232		(20)		2,212
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	71		—		71		232		—		232
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,064		(16)		1,048		2,000		(20)		1,980
Less: Preferred stock dividends	14		—		14		54		—		54
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	1,050	$	(16)	$	1,034	$	1,946	$	(20)	$	1,926
									—
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	3.03	$	(0.05)	$	2.98	$	5.49	$	(0.06)	$	5.43
Diluted	$	3.02	$	(0.05)	$	2.97	$	5.47	$	(0.06)	$	5.41
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	346.4		—		346.4		354.4		—		354.4
Diluted	348.0		—		348.0		355.9		—		355.9

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023		Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES

Premiums	$	280	$	(3)	$	277	$	556	$	(3)	$	553

Net investment income (loss)	1,036		(2)		1,034		2,026		8		2,034





Other income	258		(9)		249		509		(21)		488
Total revenues	2,377		(14)		2,363		4,734		(16)		4,718

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS


Change in market risk benefits and purchased MRB	(975)		(11)		(986)		(955)		10		(945)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	501		(3)		498		964		(16)		948
Compensation and benefits	566		(1)		565		1,149		(5)		1,144



Other operating costs and expenses	466		1		467		889		1		890
Total benefits and other deductions	1,838		(14)		1,824		4,654		(10)		4,644
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	539		—		539		80		(6)		74
Income tax (expense) benefit	292		1		293		1,017		2		1,019
Net income (loss)	831		1		832		1,097		(4)		1,093
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest	72		—		72		161		—		161
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	759		1		760		936		(4)		932
Less: Preferred stock dividends	26		—		26		40		—		40
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	733	$	1	$	734	$	896	$	(4)	$	892

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	2.06	$	0.01	$	2.07	$	2.50	$	(0.01)	$	2.49
Diluted	$	2.06	$	—	$	2.06	$	2.49	$	(0.01)	$	2.48
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	355.2		—		355.2		358.5		—		358.5
Diluted	356.1		—		356.1		360.0		—		360.0

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
REVENUES



Net investment income (loss)	$	3,315	$	18	$	3,333





Other income	1,028		(18)		1,010
Total revenues	12,644		—		12,644

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders' benefits	2,716		(15)		2,701

Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits	(1,280)		47		(1,233)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	1,410		5		1,415
Compensation and benefits	2,201		(11)		2,190



Other operating costs and expenses	2,185		(9)		2,176
Total benefits and other deductions	9,652		17		9,669
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes	2,992		(17)		2,975
Income tax (expense) benefit	(598)		4		(594)
Net income (loss)	2,394		(13)		2,381

Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	2,153		(13)		2,140

Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	2,073	$	(13)	$	2,060

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	5.49	$	(0.03)	$	5.46
Diluted	$	5.46	$	(0.04)	$	5.42
Shares Outstanding:
Basic	377.6		—		377.6
Diluted	379.9		—		379.9


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	1,823	$	(27)	$	1,796
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:

Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(389)		14		(375)

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	73		6		79

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(937)		20		(917)
Comprehensive income (loss)	886		(7)		879
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	514		—		514
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	372	$	(7)	$	365

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	26	$	2	$	28	$	808	$	(20)	$	788
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	2,255		1		2,256		1,334		—		1,334
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(5)		25		20		(133)		14		(119)

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	11		(1)		10		29		—		29

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	2,058		25		2,083		1,189		14		1,203
Comprehensive income (loss)	2,084		27		2,111		1,997		(6)		1,991
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	168		—		168		407		—		407
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	1,916	$	27	$	1,943	$	1,590	$	(6)	$	1,584


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024		Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	565	$	—	$	565	$	782	$	(22)	$	760
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	(408)		(1)		(409)		(921)		(1)		(922)
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(153)		(6)		(159)		(128)		(11)		(139)

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	10		1		11		18		1		19

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(476)		(6)		(482)		(869)		(11)		(880)
Comprehensive income (loss)	89		(6)		83		(87)		(33)		(120)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	140		—		140		239		—		239
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	(51)	$	(6)	$	(57)	$	(326)	$	(33)	$	(359)

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	217	$	(22)	$	195


Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	25		(5)		20



Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(393)		(5)		(398)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(176)		(27)		(203)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	99		—		99
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	(275)	$	(27)	$	(302)


	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	1,643	$	(19)	$	1,624
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	2,377		2		2,379
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(1,027)		(22)		(1,049)

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	(3)		(1)		(4)

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	1,225		(21)		1,204
Comprehensive income (loss)	2,868		(40)		2,828
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	351		—		351
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	2,517	$	(40)	$	2,477


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	1,135	$	(16)	$	1,119	$	2,232	$	(20)	$	2,212
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	(1,766)		(17)		(1,783)		(764)		(54)		(818)
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(1,086)		(22)		(1,108)		(235)		(8)		(243)

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	6		1		7		35		—		35

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(2,667)		(38)		(2,705)		(812)		(62)		(874)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(1,532)		(54)		(1,586)		1,420		(82)		1,338
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	64		—		64		230		—		230
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	(1,596)	$	(54)	$	(1,650)	$	1,190	$	(82)	$	1,108

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023		Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	831	$	1	$	832	$	1,097	$	(4)	$	1,093
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	(624)		4		(620)		1,002		(37)		965
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	(87)		(5)		(92)		851		14		865

Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	9		(1)		8		29		(1)		28

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(623)		(2)		(625)		1,855		(24)		1,831
Comprehensive income (loss)	208		(1)		207		2,952		(28)		2,924
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	75		—		75		166		—		166
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	133	$	(1)	$	132	$	2,786	$	(28)	$	2,758


	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Net income (loss)	$	2,394	$	(13)	$	2,381
Other comprehensive income (loss) net of income taxes:
Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of reclassification adjustment	(12,606)		36		(12,570)
Change in market risk benefits - instrument-specific credit risk	1,249		23		1,272
Change in liability for future policy benefits - current discount rate	1,074		(1)		1,073
Change in defined benefit plan related items not yet recognized in periodic benefit cost, net of reclassification adjustment	18		1		19

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	(10,311)		59		(10,252)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(7,917)		46		(7,871)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest	225		—		225
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Holdings	$	(8,142)	$	46	$	(8,096)

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	4,388	$	(13)	$	4,375
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	2,649		(13)		2,636



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	10,243		7		10,250








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,307		(27)		1,280



Retained earnings, end of period	10,647		(20)		10,627
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(935)		20		(915)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(8,712)		—		(8,712)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	1,585		(20)		1,565











Total equity, end of period	$	3,443	$	(20)	$	3,423


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	3,385	$	(46)	$	3,339	$	4,388	$	(13)	$	4,375
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	1,644		(46)		1,598		2,649		(13)		2,636



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	10,317		(16)		10,301		10,243		7		10,250








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	(134)		2		(132)		408		(20)		388



Retained earnings, end of period	9,977		(13)		9,964		9,977		(13)		9,964
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(8,645)		(30)		(8,675)		(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	2,050		24		2,074		1,182		14		1,196
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(6,595)		(6)		(6,601)		(6,595)		(6)		(6,601)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	3,220		(19)		3,201		3,220		(19)		3,201











Total equity, end of period	$	4,975	$	(19)	$	4,956	$	4,975	$	(19)	$	4,956


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024						Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	3,755	$	(40)	$	3,715	$	4,388	$	(13)	$	4,375
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	2,032		(40)		1,992		2,649		(13)		2,636



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	10,110		(15)		10,095		10,243		7		10,250








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	428		—		428		542		(22)		520



Retained earnings, end of period	10,317		(16)		10,301		10,317		(16)		10,301
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(8,166)		(25)		(8,191)		(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(479)		(5)		(484)		(868)		(10)		(878)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(8,645)		(30)		(8,675)		(8,645)		(30)		(8,675)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	1,644		(46)		1,598		1,644		(46)		1,598











Total equity, end of period	$	3,385	$	(46)	$	3,339	$	3,385	$	(46)	$	3,339

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised

Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	4,388	$	(13)	$	4,375
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	2,649		(13)		2,636



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	10,243		7		10,250








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	114		(22)		92



Retained earnings, end of period	10,110		(15)		10,095
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(389)		(5)		(394)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(8,166)		(25)		(8,191)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	2,032		(40)		1,992











Total equity, end of period	$	3,755	$	(40)	$	3,715


	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	3,141	$	27	$	3,168
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	1,401		27		1,428



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	9,825		26		9,851








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,302		(19)		1,283



Retained earnings, end of period	10,243		7		10,250
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(8,992)		1		(8,991)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,215		(21)		1,194
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(7,777)		(20)		(7,797)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	2,649		(13)		2,636











Total equity, end of period	$	4,388	$	(13)	$	4,375


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	5,260	$	(1)	$	5,259	$	3,141	$	27	$	3,168
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	3,553		(1)		3,552		1,401		27		1,428



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	10,325		22		10,347		9,825		26		9,851








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	1,064		(16)		1,048		2,000		(20)		1,980



Retained earnings, end of period	11,163		6		11,169		11,163		6		11,169
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(7,142)		(23)		(7,165)		(8,992)		1		(8,991)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,660)		(38)		(2,698)		(810)		(62)		(872)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(9,802)		(61)		(9,863)		(9,802)		(61)		(9,863)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	1,642		(55)		1,587		1,642		(55)		1,587











Total equity, end of period	$	3,281	$	(55)	$	3,226	$	3,281	$	(55)	$	3,226

Table of Contents

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited), Continued


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2023						Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	5,471	$	22	$	5,493	$	3,141	$	27	$	3,168
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	3,754		(1)		3,753		1,401		27		1,428



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	9,806		21		9,827		9,825		26		9,851








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	759		1		760		936		(4)		932



Retained earnings, end of period	10,325		22		10,347		10,325		22		10,347
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	(6,516)		(22)		(6,538)		(8,992)		1		(8,991)




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(626)		(1)		(627)		1,850		(24)		1,826
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(7,142)		(23)		(7,165)		(7,142)		(23)		(7,165)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	3,553		(1)		3,552		3,553		(1)		3,552











Total equity, end of period	$	5,260	$	(1)	$	5,259	$	5,260	$	(1)	$	5,259


	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Equity:
Equity, beginning of period	$	11,927	$	(7)	$	11,920
Total Holdings’ equity, beginning of period	10,351		(7)		10,344



















Retained earnings, beginning of year	8,413		40		8,453








Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings	2,153		(13)		2,140



Retained earnings, end of period	9,825		26		9,851
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of year	1,303		(58)		1,245




Other comprehensive income (loss)	(10,295)		59		(10,236)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period	(8,992)		1		(8,991)
Total Holdings’ equity, end of period	1,401		27		1,428











Total equity, end of period	$	3,141	$	27	$	3,168

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Year Ended December 31, 2024		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	1,823	$	(27)	$	1,796	$	808	$	(20)	$	788
Adjustments to reconcile Net income (loss) to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	2,499		(6)		2,493		1,879		—		1,879








Amortization and depreciation	860		8		868		640		6		646
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	6		(12)		(6)		9		(12)		(3)
Change in market risk benefits	(1,971)		31		(1,940)		(1,154)		31		(1,123)




Reinsurance recoverable	(866)		(2)		(868)		(612)		(2)		(614)



Current and deferred income taxes	322		(7)		315		181		(5)		176
Other, net	117		15		132		255		2		257
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	2,006	$	—	$	2,006	$	1,606	$	—	$	1,606


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024		Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	782	$	(22)	$	760	$	217	$	(22)	$	195
Adjustments to reconcile Net income (loss) to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	1,171		7		1,178		566		13		579








Amortization and depreciation	429		5		434		240		1		241
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	(7)		5		(2)		1		4		5
Change in market risk benefits	(1,233)		13		(1,220)		(1,100)		12		(1,088)




Reinsurance recoverable	(626)		(2)		(628)		(375)		(2)		(377)



Current and deferred income taxes	155		(6)		149		85		(6)		79

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	923	$	—	$	923	$	31	$	—	$	31


	Year Ended December 31, 2023		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised		As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	1,643	$	(19)	$	1,624	$	2,232	$	(20)	$	2,212
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	2,083		(42)		2,041		1,520		(20)		1,500








Amortization and depreciation	812		9		821		576		5		581
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits	75		11		86		46		34		80
Change in Market Risk Benefits	(1,807)		(8)		(1,815)		(1,772)		8		(1,764)




Reinsurance recoverable	(1,471)		2		(1,469)		(1,106)		2		(1,104)


Future policy benefits	329		—		329		196		1		197
Current and deferred income taxes	(1,163)		(5)		(1,168)		(868)		(6)		(874)
Other, net	(239)		52		(187)		584		(4)		580
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(208)	$	—	$	(208)	$	185	$	—	$	185

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	1,097	$	(4)	$	1,093
Adjustments to reconcile Net income (loss) to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	964		(16)		948








Amortization and depreciation	380		21		401

Change in market risk benefits	(955)		10		(945)








Current and deferred income taxes	(1,177)		(2)		(1,179)
Other, net	65		(9)		56
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(226)	$	—	$	(226)


	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	As Previously Reported		Impact of Revisions		As Revised
	(in millions)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	2,394	$	(13)	$	2,381
Adjustments to reconcile Net income (loss) to Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances	1,410		5		1,415






Non-cash long term incentive compensation expense	286		(11)		275

Amortization and depreciation	636		18		654

Change in market risk benefits	(1,280)		47		(1,233)







Future policy benefits	(495)		(15)		(510)
Current and deferred income taxes	470		(3)		467
Other, net	(74)		(28)		(102)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(250)	$	—	$	(250)

EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

21) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

AB Tender Offer

On February 24, 2025, Holdings commenced a cash tender offer (the “Offer”) to purchase up to 46 million AB Holding Units at a price of $38.50 per unit, less any applicable tax withholding, for an aggregate purchase price of $1.8 billion. On April 3, 2025, Holdings purchased 19.7 million AB Holdings Units pursuant to the Offer for an aggregate cost of $758 million. The AB Holdings Units accepted for purchase represent approximately 17.9% of the outstanding units as of March 31, 2025. After giving effect to such purchase, Holdings owns approximately 68.5% of the economic interest in AllianceBernstein L.P., the operating partnership of AB Holding.

Series B Preferred Stock Tender Offer

On March 12, 2025, Equitable announced a tender offer to purchase for cash any and all of the outstanding Series B Depositary Share each representing a 1/25th interest in a share of Equitable Holdings, Inc.’s 4.950% Fixed Rate Reset Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B, par value $1.00 per share, liquidation preference $25,000 per share (equivalent to $1,000 per Series B Depositary Share) at the tender offer price of $1,000 per Series B Depositary Share, plus an amount equal to accrued, unpaid and undeclared dividends from, and including December 15, 2024, to, but excluding, the date on which such payment is made, net to the seller in cash, less any applicable withholding taxes and without interest. On April 11, 2025, Holdings redeemed and retired 279 million of Series B Preferred Stock using proceeds from our Junior Subordinated Debt issuance.

Table of Contents

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in its entirety and in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (“2024 Form 10-K”).

In addition to historical data, this discussion contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations and financial performance based on current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. See the Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information. Investors are directed to consider the risks and uncertainties discussed in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as in other documents we have filed with the SEC.

Executive Summary

Overview

We are one of America’s leading financial services companies, providing: (i) advice and solutions for helping Americans set and meet their retirement goals and protect and transfer their wealth across generations; and (ii) a wide range of investment management insights, expertise and innovations to drive better investment decisions and outcomes for clients worldwide.

We manage our business through six segments: Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Asset Management, Protection Solutions, Wealth Management and Legacy. We report certain activities and items that are not included in these segments in Corporate and Other. See Note 17 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our segments.

We benefit from our complementary mix of businesses. This business mix provides diversity in our earnings sources, which helps offset fluctuations in market conditions and variability in business results, while offering growth opportunities.

Overview of Recent Developments

RGA Reinsurance Transaction

On February 23, 2025, Equitable Financial, as well as Equitable America and Equitable Financial L&A, entered into a Master Transaction Agreement with RGA pursuant to which, at closing and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in such agreement, RGA would enter into reinsurance agreements, as reinsurer, with each such subsidiary, as ceding company, to effect the RGA Reinsurance Transaction. The transaction is expected to reinsure 75% of such ceding companies’ in-force individual life insurance block, and upon closing, generate total value for Holdings of over $2 billion, which includes a positive ceding commission and capital release, and is expected to close in mid-2025, subject to regulatory approval.

Novation

As a result of the novation of certain Legacy VA policies completed during the first quarter, the Company recorded a loss of $499 million in pre-tax net income and an increase of $263 million in pre-tax AOCI, for a total impact loss of $236 million. The negative net income impact is mostly driven by the reduction of the Purchase MRB asset of $2.0 billion and the reduction of liabilities for MRB of $1.6 billion, offset by a decrease in Deposit accounting liability of $183 million. Purchase MRB asset reduction is larger than the Direct MRB liability reduction is because the Venerable reinsurance assets sit in a collateralized trust and thus materially reduces the non-performance risk. Deposit account liability decreases as novation leads to faster amortization of the liability. The novation impact from the base variable annuity contracts and the contracts in payout status is less material, as the decrease in policyholders’ account balance of $33 million and decrease in Liability for future policyholders’ benefits of $458 million is largely offset by a decrease in Amounts due to reinsurers of $432 million.

Table of Contents

Tender Offer

Term Loan Agreement

In connection with the commencement of the Offer described in the precedent paragraph, Holdings entered into the 364-Day Term Loan Credit Agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”) with respect to a $500 million senior unsecured delayed-draw term loan (the “Term Loan”). The Term Loan was intended to be used, along with available cash and cash equivalents, to fund the Offer and related fees and expenses. The Term Loan was available to be drawn at any time on or prior to April 24, 2025 and would have matured 364 days from the date of funding. However, on April 15, 2025, Holdings elected not to request any such Term Loan, as it was unnecessary to fund the Offer, and the Term Loan Agreement was terminated effective April 3, 2025.

Macroeconomic and Industry Trends

Our business and consolidated results of operations are significantly affected by economic conditions and consumer confidence, conditions in the global capital markets and the interest rate environment.

Financial and Economic Environment

U.S. equity markets posted losses in the first quarter 2025, with the S&P 500 returning (4.3)% (including dividends). In March 2025, the U.S. Federal Reserve (the “Fed”) adjusted its forecasts, lowering the U.S. growth forecast for 2025 to 1.7% from the previous estimate of 2.1%. Additionally, the Fed raised its inflation outlook to 2.7% from 2.5%.

A wide variety of factors continue to impact financial and economic conditions. These factors include, among others, uncertainty regarding the federal debt limit, high fuel and energy costs, changes in fiscal or monetary policy and geopolitical tensions. The Russian invasion of the Ukraine, the Israel-Hamas war and broader Middle Eastern hostilities, including with Hezbollah in Lebanon and Iran, and the ensuing conflicts and the sanctions and other measures imposed in response to these conflicts, have significantly contributed to volatility in the financial markets and have increased the level of economic and political uncertainty. Consumer and economic uncertainty due to rapid changes in global trade policies, including announced tariff increases and potential additional tariff increases, are also causing market volatility and heightening concerns regarding inflation. For further information on the risk of increased volatility in the financial markets to our business, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Conditions in the Financial Markets and the Economy—Conditions in the global capital markets and the economy and Equity market declines and volatility” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Stressed conditions, volatility and disruptions in the capital markets, particular markets, or financial asset classes can have an adverse effect on us, in part because we have a large investment portfolio. In addition, our insurance liabilities and derivatives are sensitive to changing market factors, including equity market performance and interest rates. An increase in market volatility could continue to affect our business, including through effects on the yields we earn on invested assets, changes in required reserves and capital and fluctuations in the value of our AUM, AV or AUA from which we derive our fee income. These effects could be exacerbated by uncertainty about future fiscal policy, changes in tax policy, the scope of potential deregulation and levels of global trade.

The potential for increased volatility could pressure sales and reduce demand for our products as consumers consider purchasing alternative products to meet their objectives. In addition, this environment could make it difficult to consistently develop products that are attractive to customers. Financial performance can be adversely affected by market volatility and equity market declines as fees driven by AV and AUM fluctuate, hedging costs increase and revenues decline due to reduced sales and increased outflows.

We monitor the behavior of our customers and other factors, including mortality rates, morbidity rates, annuitization rates and lapse and surrender rates, which change in response to changes in capital market conditions, to ensure that our products and solutions remain attractive and profitable. For additional information on our sensitivity to interest rates and capital market prices, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

Regulatory Developments

Our U.S. life insurance subsidiaries are regulated primarily at the state level, with some policies and products also subject to federal regulation. Holdings and its insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulation under the insurance holding company laws of various U.S. jurisdictions. On an ongoing basis, regulators refine capital requirements and introduce new reserving standards. Regulations recently adopted or currently under review can potentially impact our statutory reserve, capital requirements and profitability of the industry and result in increased regulation and oversight for the industry.

Insurance Regulation

Regulation of Investments

The NAIC is evaluating the risks associated with insurers’ investments in certain categories of structured securities, including CLOs. In 2023, the NAIC approved interim rules that raise capital requirements for holdings of CLO and other asset-backed security residual interests. Effective January 1, 2024, the NAIC adopted an amendment to the Purposes and Procedures Manual of the NAIC Investment Analysis Office (the “Purposes and Procedures Manual”) to give the NAIC’s Structured Securities Group, housed within the NAIC’s Securities Valuation Office (the “SVO”), responsibility for modeling CLO securities and evaluating tranche level losses across all debt and equity tranches under a series of calibrated and weighted collateral stress scenarios in order to assign NAIC Designations. Under the amended Purposes and Procedures Manual, CLO investments will no longer be broadly exempt from filing with the SVO based on ratings from credit rating providers. The NAIC’s goal is to ensure that the weighted average RBC factor for owning all tranches of a CLO more closely aligns with what would be required for directly owning all of the underlying loan collateral, in order to avoid RBC arbitrage.The Purposes and Procedures Manual requires insurers to begin reporting the financially modeled NAIC Designations for CLOs with their year-end 2025 financial statement. The NAIC is collaborating with interested parties to refine the process for modeling CLO investments.

In related work, the NAIC’s Financial Condition (E) Committee launched a holistic review of the insurance regulatory framework related to insurer investment risk regulation, on which work began in 2023. The primary objective is to highlight areas where the insurance regulatory framework and the SVO can be enhanced to strengthen oversight of insurers’ investments in complex assets. The proposed changes to modernize investment oversight include (i) reducing / eliminating “blind” reliance on credit rating providers while continuing to use them by implementing a due diligence framework that oversees the effectiveness of credit rating providers; and (ii) bolstering the SVO’s risk analysis capabilities by investing in a risk analytics tool and adding specialized personnel.

In November 2024, the NAIC adopted an amendment to the Purposes and Procedures Manual that sets forth procedures for SVO staff to identify and evaluate a filing-exempt security with an NAIC Designation determined by a rating that appears to be an unreasonable assessment of investment risk. The procedures include, without limitation, sending an information request to insurers that hold the security under review and determining whether the NAIC Designation is three or more notches different from the SVO’s assessment, which would allow the SVO to request the removal of the credit rating from the filing exempt process. At any time during the process, an alternate credit rating may be requested and, if one is received, it will be incorporated into the filing exempt process. The Purposes and Procedures Manual amendment is scheduled to become effective on January 1, 2026.

In February 2025, the NAIC announced the formation of a new Risk-Based Capital Model Governance (EX) Task Force. The purpose of the new task force is to provide executive-level oversight and coordination of the various NAIC groups that are reviewing RBC-related standards. The new task force is also charged with completing a comprehensive gap analysis to identify gaps in the current RBC framework and developing guiding principles for future RBC adjustments.

Reinsurance

The NAIC is currently considering a proposal to require asset adequacy analysis for certain reinsurance transactions and has exposed a draft actuarial guideline proposing enhancements to reserve adequacy requirements, which is expected to be adopted in 2025 for reserves reported as of December 31, 2025 in an insurer’s annual statement.EQH is currently assessing the effect, if any, on EQH, if enhanced asset adequacy testing was required in connection with reinsurance transactions.

Derivatives Regulation and Clearing of Treasury Securities

In 2023, the SEC adopted rules to require that covered clearing agencies have policies and procedures reasonably designed to require every direct participant of the agency to submit for clearing eligible secondary market transactions in U.S. Treasury securities. Following a February 25, 2025 extension by the SEC, the rule effectively requires such participants to clear eligible

Table of Contents

cash transactions in U.S. Treasury securities beginning on December 31, 2026, and clear eligible repurchase and reverse repurchase transactions in U.S. Treasury securities beginning on June 30, 2027. As a result, certain transactions between such participants and us will be required to be cleared. The rule’s potential effect on the U.S. Treasury markets is uncertain.

Fiduciary Rules

In 2023, the U.S. Department of Labor (the “DOL”) proposed a regulation to change the definition of “fiduciary” for purposes of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and parallel provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), when a financial professional, including an insurance producer, provides investment advice, and proposed amendments to various existing prohibited transaction exemptions (“PTEs”), including PTE 84-14 that financial professionals rely on when they make investment recommendations to retirement investors. On April 23, 2024, the DOL finalized and published this new definition of “fiduciary” for purposes of ERISA and parallel provisions of the Code and finalized and published amendments to these PTEs (the new definition and the PTE amendments collectively, the “Final Rule”).

Various industry groups brought litigation against the DOL seeking a variety of remedies for the Final Rule. On July 25, 2024, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “E.D. Tex.”) issued a stay of the effective date of portions of the Final Rule. On July 26, 2024, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas (the “N.D. Tex.”) issued a stay of the effective date of the Final Rule as a whole. As a result of these court opinions, it is uncertain whether the Final Rule will become effective. The DOL appealed the stays issued in these cases to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, but in early 2025, the court granted the DOL’s motion to pause proceedings while it reviews its posture on these cases. While this litigation proceeds, we are evaluating the potential impact of the Final Rule on our business, particularly as it pertains to the sale of insurance products to retirement investors.

For additional information on regulatory developments and the risks we face, see “Business—Regulation” and “Risk Factors—Legal and Regulatory Risks” in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Revenues

Our revenues come from three principal sources:

•fee income derived from our retirement and protection products and our asset management services;

•premiums from our traditional life insurance and annuity products; and

•investment income from our General Account investment portfolio.

Our fee income varies directly in relation to the amount of the underlying AV or benefit base of our retirement and protection products, the amount of AUM and AUA in our Wealth Management business, and the amount of AUM in our Asset Management business. AV and AUM, each as defined in “Key Operating Measures,” are influenced by changes in economic conditions, primarily equity market returns, as well as net flows. Our premium income is driven by the growth in new policies written and the persistency of our in-force policies, both of which are influenced by a combination of factors, including our efforts to attract and retain customers and market conditions that influence demand for our products. Our investment income is driven by the yield on our General Account investment portfolio and is impacted by the prevailing level of interest rates as we reinvest cash associated with maturing investments and net flows to the portfolio.

Benefits and Other Deductions

Our primary expenses are:

• policyholders’ benefits and interest credited to policyholders’ account balances;

• sales commissions and compensation paid to intermediaries and advisors that distribute our products and services; and

• compensation and benefits provided to our employees and other operating expenses.

Table of Contents

Policyholders’ benefits are driven primarily by mortality, customer withdrawals, and benefits which change in response to changes in capital market conditions. In addition, some of our policyholders’ benefits are directly tied to the AV and benefit base of our variable annuity products. Interest credited to policyholders varies in relation to the amount of the underlying AV or benefit base. Sales commissions and compensation paid to intermediaries and advisors vary in relation to premium and fee income generated from these sources, whereas compensation and benefits to our employees are more constant and impacted by market wages and decline with increases in efficiency. Our ability to manage these expenses across various economic cycles and products is critical to the profitability of our company.

Net Income Volatility

We have offered and continue to offer variable annuity products with GMxB features. The future claims exposure on these features is sensitive to movements in the equity markets and interest rates. Accordingly, we have implemented hedging and reinsurance programs designed to mitigate the economic exposure to us from these features due to equity market and interest rate movements. We are using a combination of General Account assets and derivatives to manage duration gap on an economic basis. The changes in the values of the derivatives associated with these programs due to equity and interest rate movements, together with the GMxB MRBs assets and liabilities are recognized in net income in the periods in which they occur, while the General Account asset gains and losses are recognized in OCI resulting in an offset between OCI and net income. In addition, we conduct macro hedging to protect our statutory capital which could also cause net income volatility as further described below. Net income is also impacted by changes in our reinsurers credit spread, while changes in the Company’s credit spread is recorded in OCI. See “—Significant Factors Impacting Our Results—Impact of Hedging and GMxB Reinsurance on Results.”

In addition to our dynamic hedging strategy, we have static hedge positions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of changing market conditions on our statutory capital. We believe this program will continue to preserve the economic value of our variable annuity contracts and better protect our target variable annuity asset level. However, these static hedge positions increase the size of our derivative positions and may result in additional net income volatility on a period-over-period basis.

Due to the impacts on our net income of equity market and interest rate movements and other items that are not part of the underlying profitability drivers of our business, we evaluate and manage our business performance using Non-GAAP Operating Earnings, a Non-GAAP financial measure that is intended to remove these impacts from our results. See “—Key Operating Measures—Non-GAAP Operating Earnings.”

Significant Factors Impacting Our Results

The following significant factors have impacted, and may in the future impact, our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Impact of Hedging and GMxB Reinsurance on Results

•Variable annuity hedging programs. We use a dynamic hedging program (within this program, generally, we reevaluate our economic exposure at least daily and rebalance our hedge positions accordingly) to mitigate certain risks associated with the GMxB features that are embedded in our liabilities for our variable annuity products. This program utilizes various derivative instruments that are managed in an effort to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable changes in GMxB features’ exposures attributable to movements in the equity markets and interest rates. Although this program is designed to provide a measure of economic protection against the impact of adverse market conditions, it does not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, changes in value of the derivatives will be recognized in the period in which they occur with offsetting changes in reserves recognized in the current period. In addition, we utilize AFS fixed maturity securities in our General Account to mitigate the economic impact of unfavorable changes in GMxB features’ exposures attributable to movements in interest rates. However, the economic effect of interest rate changes on such securities is reflected in OCI, which results in net income volatility as the economic effect of interest rates on our GMxB MRB liabilities is reflected in net income.

100

Table of Contents

•In addition to our dynamic hedging program, we have a hedging program using static hedge positions (derivative positions intended to be HTM with less frequent re-balancing) to protect our statutory capital against stress scenarios. This program, in addition to our dynamic hedge program, has increased the size of our derivative positions, resulting in additional net income volatility. The impacts are most pronounced for variable annuity products.

•GMxB reinsurance contracts. Historically, GMxB reinsurance contracts were used to cede to non-affiliated reinsurers a portion of our exposure to variable annuity products that offer GMxB features. We account for the reinsurance contracts as MRBs and report them at fair value. In addition, on June 1, 2021, we ceded legacy variable annuity policies sold by Equitable Financial between 2006-2008 (the “Block”), comprised of non-New York “Accumulator” policies containing fixed rate GMIB and/or GMDB guarantees.

Effect of Assumption Updates on Operating Results

During the third quarter of each year, we conduct our annual review of the assumptions underlying the valuation of DAC, deferred sales inducement assets, unearned revenue liabilities, liabilities for future policyholder benefits and MRBs for our Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Protection Solutions, and Legacy segments (assumption reviews are not relevant for the Asset Management and Wealth Management segments). Assumptions are based on a combination of Company experience, industry experience, management actions and expert judgement and reflect our best estimate as of the date of the applicable financial statements.

Most of the variable annuity products, variable universal life insurance and universal life insurance products we offer maintain policyholder deposits that are reported as liabilities and classified within either Separate Accounts liabilities or policyholder account balances. Our products and riders also impact liabilities for future policyholder benefits, MRBs and unearned revenues and assets for DAC and DSI. The valuation of these assets and liabilities (other than deposits) is based on differing accounting methods depending on the product, each of which requires numerous assumptions and considerable judgment. The accounting guidance applied in the valuation of these assets and liabilities includes, but is not limited to, the following: (i) traditional life insurance products for which assumptions are updated annually to estimate the value of future death, morbidity or income benefits; (ii) universal life insurance and variable life insurance secondary guarantees for which benefit liabilities are determined by estimating the expected value of death benefits payable when the account balance is projected to be zero and recognizing those benefits ratably over the accumulation period based on total expected assessments; and (iii) certain product guarantees reported as MRBs at fair value.

For further details of our accounting policies and related judgments pertaining to assumption updates, see Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Key Operating Measures

In addition to our results presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we report Non-GAAP Operating Earnings, and Non-GAAP operating common EPS, each of which is a measure that is not determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Management principally uses these Non-GAAP financial measures in evaluating performance because they present a clearer picture of our operating performance and they allow management to allocate resources. Similarly, management believes that the use of these Non-GAAP financial measures, together with relevant U.S. GAAP measures, provide investors with a better understanding of our results of operations and the underlying profitability drivers and trends of our business. These Non-GAAP financial measures are intended to remove from our results of operations the impact of market changes (where there is a mismatch in the valuation of assets and liabilities) as well as certain other expenses which are not part of our underlying profitability drivers or likely to re-occur in the foreseeable future, as such items fluctuate from period-to-period in a manner inconsistent with these drivers. These measures should be considered supplementary to our results that are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should not be viewed as a substitute for the U.S. GAAP measures. Other companies may use similarly titled Non-GAAP financial measures that are calculated differently from the way we calculate such measures. Consequently, our Non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.

We also discuss certain operating measures, including AUM, AUA, AV, Protection Solutions reserves and certain other operating measures, which management believes provide useful information about our businesses and the operational factors underlying our financial performance.

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings is an after-tax Non-GAAP financial measure used to evaluate our financial performance on a consolidated basis that is determined by making certain adjustments to our consolidated after-tax net income attributable to

101

Table of Contents

Holdings. The most significant of such adjustments relates to our derivative positions, which protect economic value and statutory capital, and the variable annuity product MRBs. This is a large source of volatility in net income.

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings equals our consolidated after-tax net income attributable to Holdings adjusted to eliminate the impact of the following items:

•Investment (gains) losses, which includes credit loss impairments of securities/investments, sales or disposals of securities/investments, realized capital gains/losses and valuation allowances;

Because Non-GAAP Operating Earnings excludes the foregoing items that can be distortive or unpredictable, management believes that this measure enhances the understanding of our underlying drivers of profitability and trends in our business, thereby allowing management to make decisions that will positively impact our business.

We use the prevailing corporate federal income tax rate of 21% while taking into account any non-recurring differences for events recognized differently in our financial statements and federal income tax returns as well as partnership income taxed at lower rates when reconciling Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings to Non-GAAP Operating Earnings.

The table below presents a reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to Holdings to Non-GAAP Operating Earnings:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		$	63	$	92
Adjustments related to:
Variable annuity product features (1)		211		330
Investment (gains) losses		14		39
Net actuarial (gains) losses related to pension and other postretirement benefit obligations		11		17
Other adjustments (2)		205		91
Income tax expense (benefit) related to above adjustments		(92)		(100)
Non-recurring tax items		9		8
Non-GAAP Operating Earnings		$	421	$	477

102

Table of Contents

_____________

(1)As a result of the novation of certain Legacy VA policies completed during the first quarter, the Company recorded a loss of $499 million in pre-tax net income and an increase of $263 million in pre-tax AOCI, for a total impact loss of $236 million.

(2)Includes a loss of $165 million on Non-VA derivatives for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and includes certain gross legal expenses related to the COI litigation of $106 million for the three months ended 2024.

We calculate Non-GAAP Operating ROE by dividing Non-GAAP Operating Earnings for the previous twelve calendar months by consolidated average equity attributable to Holdings’ common shareholders, excluding AOCI. AOCI fluctuates period-to-period in a manner inconsistent with our underlying profitability drivers as the majority of such fluctuation is related to the market volatility of the unrealized gains and losses associated with our AFS securities. Therefore, we believe excluding AOCI is more effective for analyzing the trends of our operations.

The following table presents return on average equity attributable to Holdings’ common shareholders, excluding AOCI and Non-GAAP Operating ROE for the trailing twelve months:


	Trailing Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2025
	(Dollars in millions)
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	1,171
Average equity attributable to Holdings’ common shareholders, excluding AOCI	$	8,546
Return on average equity attributable to Holdings’ common shareholders, excluding AOCI	13.7		%

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings available to Holdings’ common shareholders	$	1,868
Average equity attributable to Holdings’ common shareholders, excluding AOCI	$	8,546
Non-GAAP Operating ROE	21.9		%

Non-GAAP Operating Common EPS

Non-GAAP operating common EPS is calculated by dividing Non-GAAP Operating Earnings by diluted common shares outstanding. The following table sets forth Non-GAAP operating common EPS:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(per share amounts)
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		$	0.20	$	0.27
Less: Preferred stock dividends		0.04		0.04
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders		0.16		0.23
Adjustments related to:
Variable annuity product features (1)		0.68		0.99
Investment (gains) losses		0.04		0.12
Net actuarial (gains) losses related to pension and other postretirement benefit obligations		0.04		0.05
Other adjustments (2)		0.64		0.28
Income tax expense (benefit) related to above adjustments		(0.29)		(0.30)
Non-recurring tax items		0.03		0.02
Non-GAAP operating common EPS		$	1.30	$	1.39

______________

(1)As a result of the novation of certain Legacy VA policies completed during the first quarter, the Company recorded a loss of $1.60 for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

(2)Includes a loss of $0.53 on Non-VA derivatives for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and includes certain gross legal expenses related to the COI litigation of $0.32 for the three months ended 2024.

Assets Under Management

AUM means investment assets that are managed by one of our subsidiaries and includes: (i) assets managed by AB; (ii) the assets in our General Account investment portfolio; and (iii) the Separate Accounts assets of our Individual Retirement, Group Retirement and Protection Solutions businesses. Total AUM reflects exclusions between segments to avoid double counting.

103

Table of Contents

Assets Under Administration

AUA includes non-insurance client assets that are invested in our savings and investment products or serviced by our Equitable Advisors platform. We provide administrative services for these assets and generally record the revenues received as distribution fees.

Account Value

AV generally equals the aggregate policy account value of our retirement products. General Account AV refers to account balances in investment options that are backed by the General Account while Separate Accounts AV refers to Separate Accounts investment assets.

Protection Solutions Reserves

Protection Solutions Reserves equals the aggregate value of policyholders’ account balances and future policy benefits for policies in our Protection Solutions segment.

Consolidated Results of Operations

Our consolidated results of operations are significantly affected by conditions in the capital markets and the economy because we offer market sensitive products. These products have been a significant driver of our results of operations. Because the future claims exposure on these products is sensitive to movements in the equity markets and interest rates, we have in place various hedging and reinsurance programs that are designed to mitigate the economic risk of movements in the equity markets and interest rates. The volatility in net income attributable to Holdings for the periods presented below results from the mismatch between: (i) the change in carrying value of the reserves for GMDB and certain GMIB features that do not fully and immediately reflect the impact of equity and interest market fluctuations; (ii) the change in fair value of products with the GMIB feature that have a no-lapse guarantee; and (iii) our hedging and reinsurance programs.

Ownership and Consolidation of AllianceBernstein

Our indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, AllianceBernstein Corporation, is the General Partner of AB. Accordingly, AB’s results are fully reflected in our consolidated financial statements. For additional information on our economic interest in AB, see Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our consolidated statements of income (loss):

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions, except per share data)
REVENUES
Policy charges and fee income		$	636	$	614
Premiums		304		285
Net derivative gains (losses)		799		(1,376)
Net investment income (loss)		1,248		1,210
Investment gains (losses), net:
Credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and loans		—		(20)
Other investment gains (losses), net		(14)		(19)
Total investment gains (losses), net		(14)		(39)
Investment management and service fees		1,285		1,278
Other income		318		258
Total revenues		4,576		2,230

104

Table of Contents


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions, except per share data)
BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders’ benefits		759		677
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits		(2)		5
Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits		672		(1,088)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		678		579
Compensation and benefits		601		620
Commissions and distribution-related payments		501		437
Interest expense		55		57
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		188		172
Other operating costs and expenses		950		552
Total benefits and other deductions		4,402		2,011
Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes		174		219
Income tax (expense) benefit		(24)		(24)
Net income (loss)		150		195
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest		87		103
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings		63		92
Less: Preferred stock dividends		14		14
Net income (loss) available to Holdings’ common shareholders		$	49	$	78

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Net income (loss) applicable to Holdings’ common shareholders per common share:
Basic		$	0.16	$	0.24
Diluted		$	0.16	$	0.23
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in millions):
Basic		307.8		330.2
Diluted		311.9		332.7


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Non-GAAP Operating Earnings		$	421	$	477

The following table summarizes our Non-GAAP Operating Earnings per common share:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(per share amounts)
Non-GAAP Operating Earnings per common share:
Basic		$	1.30	$	1.40
Diluted		$	1.30	$	1.39

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Holdings

Net income attributable to Holdings decreased $29 million to $63 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $92 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in net income (loss):

105

Table of Contents

Unfavorable items included:

•Change in market risk benefits and purchased market risk benefits increased by $1.8 billion mainly due to a decrease in interest rates in the first quarter 2025 compared to an increase in the first quarter 2024, further driven by unfavorable equity market movements in the first quarter 2025 compared to favorable equity market movements in the first quarter 2024.

•Compensation, benefits, interest and other operating expenses increased by $377 million mainly due to Venerable novation loss.

•Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances increased by $99 million mainly due to growth of SCS account values in our Individual Retirement segment, partially offset by lower interest expense on funding agreements in Corporate and Other.

•Policyholders’ benefits increased by $82 million mainly due to higher net mortality, partially offset by the release of PFBL reserves and favorable claims experience in Employee Benefits in our Protection Solutions segment.

•Commissions and distribution-related payments increased by $64 million mainly due to higher payments to financial intermediaries for the distribution of AB mutual funds resulting from higher average AUM in our Asset Management segment and higher asset-based commissions and sales volumes in our Individual Retirement segment.

These were partially offset by the following favorable items:

•Net derivative gains were $799 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to losses of $1.4 billion for the first three months of the prior year primarily driven by lower equity market depreciation during 2025 compared to higher equity market appreciation during 2024.

•Fee-type revenue increased by $108 million mainly driven by higher advisory fee type revenue attributed to higher average asset values combined with increased distribution fees from higher retirement sales in our Wealth Management segment, partially offset by lower revenue from BRS due to the sale of this business completed during April 2024.

•Net investment income increased by $38 million mainly due to higher average asset balances, partially offset by lower investment yields.

•Investment losses decreased by $25 million mainly due to higher sales and valuation losses in the first quarter 2024.

See “—Significant Factors Impacting Our Results—Effect of Assumption Updates on Operating Results” for more information regarding assumption updates.

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings

Non-GAAP Operating Earnings decreased by $56 million to $421 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $477 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in Non-GAAP Operating Earnings:

Unfavorable items included:

•Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances increased by $84 million mainly due to growth of SCS account values in our Individual Retirement segment, partially offset by lower interest on funding agreements.

•Amortization of DAC increased by $16 million mainly due to growth in our Individual Retirement segment from sales momentum.

106

Table of Contents

These were partially offset by the following favorable items:

•Net investment income increased by $71 million mainly due to higher average asset balances, partially offset by lower investment yields.

•Fee-type revenue increased by $65 million mainly driven by higher advisory fee type revenue attributed to higher average asset balances combined with increased distribution fees from higher retirement sales in our Wealth Management segment, and higher average Separate Account values from market appreciation.

•Compensation, benefits, interest expense and other operating costs decreased by $31 million mainly due to lower base compensation and other expenses driven by the sale of BRS, lower interest expense from lower weighted average borrowings, and lower office related expenses, partially offset by the recognition of a $21 million incentive grant gain in the prior year related to AB headquarters relocation to Nashville in our Asset Management segment.

•Net derivative losses decreased by $9 million mainly due to higher losses from economically hedging seed capital investments and market changes in total return swaps in our Asset Management segment.

•Income tax expense decreased by $8 million mainly driven by lower pre-tax earnings in 2025.

Results of Operations by Segment

We manage our business through the following six segments: Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Asset Management, Protection Solutions, Wealth Management and Legacy. We report certain activities and items that are not included in our six segments in Corporate and Other. The following section presents our discussion of operating earnings (loss) by segment and AUM, AV and Protection Solutions Reserves by segment, as applicable. Consistent with U.S. GAAP guidance for segment reporting, operating earnings (loss) is our U.S. GAAP measure of segment performance. See Note 17 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our segments.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) on our segments and Corporate and Other:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss) by segment:
Individual Retirement		$	216	$	238
Group Retirement		130		124
Asset Management		126		106
Protection Solutions		(17)		44
Wealth Management		46		43
Legacy		24		33
Corporate and Other		(104)		(111)
Non-GAAP Operating Earnings		$	421	$	477

Effective Tax Rates by Segment

The following table summarizes income tax expense which was allocated to the Company’s business segments:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(percentages)
Effective Tax Rates by Segment:
Retirement and Protection business (1)	15	%	14	%
Asset Management	25	%	29	%
Wealth Management	25	%	26	%
Consolidated Non-GAAP Operating Earnings	19	%	19	%

______________

(1)Includes: Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Protection Solutions and Legacy.

107

Table of Contents

Individual Retirement

The Individual Retirement segment includes our variable annuity products which primarily meet the needs of individuals saving for retirement or seeking retirement income.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of our Individual Retirement segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	216	$	238

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

Key components of operating earnings (loss) were:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
REVENUES
Policy charges, fee income and premiums		$	224	$	208
Net investment income		693		549
Net derivative gains (losses)		(5)		(5)
Investment management, service fees and other income		85		88
Segment revenues		$	997	$	840

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders’ benefits		$	92	$	77

Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits		(1)		(3)
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		365		248
Commissions and distribution-related payments		98		77
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		124		109
Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		64		54
Interest expense		—		—
Segment benefits and other deductions		$	742	$	562

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

The following table summarizes AV for our Individual Retirement segment:




	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
AV (1)
General Account	$	70,099	$	69,020
Separate Accounts	39,594		41,524
Total AV	$	109,693	$	110,544

_____________

(1)AV presented are net of reinsurance.

108

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes a roll-forward of AV for our Individual Retirement segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	110,544	$	92,006
Gross premiums		4,577		4,356
Surrenders, withdrawals and benefits		(3,146)		(2,709)
Net flows		1,431		1,647
Change in market value and reinvestment and policy charges		636		1,923
Change in fair value of embedded derivative instruments		(2,918)		3,069

Balance, end of period		$	109,693	$	98,645
Ending embedded derivative		(13,775)		(13,461)
Balance as of end of period net of embedded derivative instruments		$	95,918	$	85,184

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Individual Retirement Segment

Operating earnings

Operating earnings decreased $22 million to $216 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $238 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Unfavorable items included:

•Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances increased by $117 million mainly due to growth of SCS account values.

•Commissions and distribution-related payments increased by $21 million mainly due to higher asset-based commissions and sales volumes.

•Policyholders’ benefits increased by $15 million mainly due to growth in the payout business.

•Amortization of DAC increased by $15 million mainly due to growth in the business from sales momentum.

•Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses increased by $9 million mainly due to higher corporate function expenses due to revenue growth.

These were partially offset by the following favorable items:

•Net investment income increased by $144 million mainly due to higher average asset balances, partially offset by lower investment yields.

•Fee-type revenue increased by $13 million mainly due to higher average Separate Account values.

Net Flows and AV

•The decline in AV of $0.9 billion in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was driven by a decrease in investment performance as a result of market depreciation and change in fair value of embedded derivative instruments of $(2.3) billion in the three months ended March 31, 2025, partially offset by net inflows of $1.4 billion.

•Net inflows of $1.4 billion were $0.2 billion lower than in the three months ended March 31, 2024, mainly driven by higher outflows in the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Group Retirement

The Group Retirement segment offers tax-deferred investment and retirement services or products to plans sponsored by educational entities, municipalities and not-for-profit entities, as well as small and medium-sized businesses.

109

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of our Group Retirement segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	130	$	124

Key components of operating earnings (loss) are:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
REVENUES
Policy charges, fee income and premiums		$	82	$	73
Net investment income		151		141

Investment management, service fees and other income		83		77
Segment revenues		$	316	$	291

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		$	63	$	52

Commissions and distribution-related payments		43		44
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		15		15
Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		42		35

Segment benefits and other deductions		$	163	$	146

The following table summarizes AV and AUA for our Group Retirement segment:




	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
AV and AUA
General Account	$	9,721	$	9,341
Separate Accounts and Mutual Funds	30,193		31,313
Total AV and AUA (1)	$	39,914	$	40,654

____________

(1) AV presented are net of reinsurance.

The following table summarizes a roll-forward of AV and AUA for our Group Retirement segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	40,654	$	36,471
Gross Premiums		1,475		1,018
Surrenders, withdrawals and benefits		(1,283)		(1,150)
Net flows		192		(132)
Change in market value and reinvestment and policy charges		(914)		2,128
Change in fair value of embedded derivative instruments		(18)		23


Balance, end of period		$	39,914	$	38,490
Ending embedded derivative		(42)		(87)
Balance as of end of period net of embedded derivative instruments		$	39,872	$	38,403

____________

110

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Group Retirement Segment

Operating earnings

Operating earnings increased by $6 million to $130 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $124 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Favorable items included:

•Fee-type revenue increased by $15 million primarily due to higher average Separate Account values from market appreciation.

•Net investment income increased by $10 million due to higher average asset balances, partially offset by lower investment yields.

These were partially offset by the following unfavorable items:

•Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances increased by $11 million mainly due to higher average account balances in institutional markets (offset in Net investment income).

•Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses increased by $7 million mainly due to higher corporate support functions expense.

Net Flows and AV

•The decrease in AV of $0.7 billion in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily driven by equity market depreciation, partially offset by net inflows of $192 million.

•Net inflows of $192 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 improved by $324 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, mainly driven by large institutional lump sum premiums and higher flows in the tax-exempt market partially offset by lower flows in the corporate market.

Asset Management

The Asset Management segment provides diversified investment management and related services to a broad range of clients around the world. Operating earnings (loss), net of tax, presented here represents our average economic interest in AB of approximately 62% and 61% during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	126	$	106

Key components of operating earnings (loss) were:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
REVENUES

Net investment income (loss)		$	3	$	8
Net derivative gains (losses)		(13)		(5)
Investment management, service fees and other income		1,098		1,090
Segment revenues		$	1,088	$	1,093

111

Table of Contents


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS


Commissions and distribution related payments		$	201	$	173

Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		607		655
Interest expense		7		17
Segment benefits and other deductions		$	815	$	845

Changes in AUM in the Asset Management segment were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in billions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	792.2	$	725.2
Long-term flows
Sales/new accounts		36.1		32.6
Redemptions/terminations		(29.7)		(25.2)
Cash flow/unreinvested dividends		(4.0)		(6.9)
Net long-term (outflows) inflows		2.4		0.5



Market appreciation (depreciation)		(10.1)		33.0
Net change		(7.7)		33.5
Balance, end of period		$	784.5	$	758.7

Average AUM in the Asset Management segment for the periods presented by distribution channel and investment services were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in billions)
Distribution Channel:
Institutions		$	325.2	$	317.8
Retail		334.4		296.9
Private Wealth		137.9		124.2
Total		$	797.5	$	738.9

Investment Service:
Equity Actively Managed		$	261.8	$	254.2
Equity Passively Managed (1)		68.4		63.8
Fixed Income Actively Managed – Taxable		211.5		209.3
Fixed Income Actively Managed – Tax-exempt		77.7		62.5
Fixed Income Passively Managed (1)		10.3		11.2
Alternatives/Multi-Asset Solutions (2)		167.8		137.9
Total		$	797.5	$	738.9

____________

(1)Includes index and enhanced index services.

(2)Includes certain multi-asset solutions and services not included in equity of fixed income services.

112

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Asset Management Segment

Operating earnings

Operating earnings increased $20 million to $126 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $106 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Favorable items included:

•Compensation, benefits, interest expense and other operating costs decreased by $58 million mainly due to lower base compensation and other expenses driven by the sale of BRS, lower interest expense from lower weighted average borrowings, and lower office related expenses, partially offset by the recognition of a $21 million incentive grant gain in the prior year related to AB headquarters relocation to Nashville.

•Fee-type revenue increased by $8 million primarily due to higher investment base advisory fees and higher distribution revenue from higher average AUM, higher performance based fees, partially offset by lower revenue from BRS due to the sale of this business completed during April 2024.

These were partially offset by the following unfavorable items:

•Commissions and distribution-related payments increased by $28 million mainly due to higher payments to financial intermediaries for the distribution of AB mutual funds resulting from higher average AUM.

•Net derivative losses increased by $8 million mainly due to higher losses from economically hedging seed capital investments and market changes in total return swaps.

•Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest increased by $8 million due to higher pre-tax earnings.

Long-Term Net Flows and AUM

•Total AUM as of March 31, 2025 was $784.5 billion, down $(7.7) billion, or (1.0)%, compared to December 31, 2024. The decrease is primarily the result of market depreciation of ($10.1) billion, partially offset by net inflows of $2.4 billion. Market depreciation of $(10.1) billion is attributed to Retail of $(11.1) billion and Private Wealth of $(0.6) billion, partially offset by Institutions of $1.6 billion. Net inflows were driven by Retail net inflows of $0.9 billion, Private Wealth net inflows of $0.8 billion and Institutions net inflows of $0.7 billion.

Protection Solutions

The Protection Solutions segment includes our life insurance and EB businesses. We provide a targeted range of products aimed at serving the financial needs of our clients throughout their lives, including VUL, IUL and term life products. In 2015, we entered the EB market and currently offer a suite of dental, vision, life, as well as short- and long-term disability insurance products to small and medium-size businesses.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of our Protection Solutions segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	(17)	$	44

113

Table of Contents

Key components of operating earnings (loss) were:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
REVENUES
Policy charges, fee income and premiums		$	534	$	528
Net investment income		251		256
Net derivative gains (losses)		1		—
Investment management, service fees and other income		40		40
Segment revenues		$	826	$	824

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS
Policyholders’ benefits		$	556	$	487
Remeasurement of liability for future policy benefits		(2)		(4)

Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		121		128
Commissions and distribution related payments		42		40
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		32		30
Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		94		92
Interest expense		2		—
Segment benefits and other deductions		$	845	$	773

The following table summarizes Protection Solutions Reserves for our Protection Solutions segment:




	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Protection Solutions Reserves (1)
General Account	$	18,124	$	18,171
Separate Accounts	18,005		18,753
Total Protection Solutions Reserves	$	36,129	$	36,924

_______________

(1)Does not include Protection Solutions Reserves for our EB business as it is a scaling business and therefore has immaterial in-force policies.

The following table presents our in-force face amounts for our individual life insurance products:




	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in billions)
In-force face amount by product: (1)
Universal Life (2)	$	37.9	$	38.5
Indexed Universal Life	25.9		26.2
Variable Universal Life (3)	141.5		141.6
Term	200.4		201.8
Whole Life	1.1		1.1
Total in-force face amount	$	406.8	$	409.2

_______________

(1)Includes individual life insurance and does not include EB as it is a scaling business and therefore has immaterial in-force policies.

(2)UL includes GUL.

(3)VUL includes VL and COLI.

114

Table of Contents

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Protection Solutions Segment

Operating earnings (loss)

Operating earnings decreased $61 million to an operating loss of $17 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from operating earnings of $44 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Unfavorable items included:

•Policyholders’ benefits increased by $69 million mainly due to higher net mortality, partially offset by the release of PFBL reserves and favorable claims experience in Employee Benefits.

These were partially offset by the following favorable items:

•Income tax benefit was $3 million for three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to an income tax expense of $7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the change in pre-tax earnings.

Wealth Management

The Wealth Management segment is an emerging leader in the wealth management space with a differentiated advice value proposition that offers discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory accounts, financial planning and advice, life insurance, and annuity products.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of our Wealth Management segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	46	$	43

Key components of operating earnings (loss) were:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
REVENUES

Net investment income		$	3	$	4

Investment management, service fees and other income		460		419
Segment revenues		$	463	$	423

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS




Commissions and distribution-related payments		$	293	$	260

Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		109		105

Segment benefits and other deductions		$	402	$	365

115

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes revenue by activity type for our Wealth Management segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Revenue by Activity Type
Investment management, service fees and other income:
Investment management and advisory fees		$	181	$	150
Distribution fees		263		253
Interest income		11		13
Service and other income		5		3
Total Investment management, service fees and other income		$	460	$	419

The following table summarizes a roll-forward of AUA for our Wealth Management segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Total Wealth Management Assets
Advisory assets:
Beginning, beginning of period		$	65,839	$	54,978
Net new assets		1,981		(39)
Market appreciation (depreciation)		(1,025)		2,984
Advisory ending assets		$	66,795	$	57,923

Brokerage and direct assets		$	35,263	$	34,549

Balance, end of period (1)		$	102,058	$	92,472

_____________

(1)Some operating metrics have been revised for prior periods. Net New Assets consist of total client deposits into advisory accounts less total client withdrawals from advisory accounts, plus dividends, plus interest, minus advisory fees. AUA reflects adjusted balances with no financial impact.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Wealth Management Segment

Operating earnings

Operating earnings increased $3 million to $46 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $43 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Favorable items included:

•Investment management, service fees and other income increased by $41 million mainly due to higher advisory fee type revenue attributed to higher average asset balances combined with increased distribution fees from higher retirement sales.

These were partially offset by the following unfavorable items:

•Commissions and distribution-related payments increased by $33 million mainly due to higher distribution and advisory fee-type revenue from higher retirement sales and average asset balances.

116

Table of Contents

Net Flows and AUA

•The increase in AUA of $0.4 billion in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was mainly driven by advisory net new assets of $2.0 billion partially offset by market depreciation.

•Net new assets of $2.0 billion were $2.0 billion higher than in the three months ended March 31, 2024 by higher inflows and lower outflows.

Legacy

The Legacy segment consists of our capital intensive fixed-rate GMxB business written prior to 2011.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of our Legacy segment:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	24	$	33

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

Key components of operating earnings (loss) were:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
REVENUES
Policy charges, fee income and premiums		$	19	$	12
Net investment income		9		16

Investment management, service fees and other income		92		101
Segment revenues		$	120	$	129

BENEFITS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS



Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances		7		9
Commissions and distribution-related payments		36		40
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs		15		16
Compensation, benefits and other operating costs and expenses		34		25

Segment benefits and other deductions		$	92	$	90

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

The following table summarizes AV for our Legacy segment:



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
AV (1)
General Account	$	434	$	447
Separate Accounts	19,478		20,911
Total AV	$	19,912	$	21,358

_______________

(1)AV presented are net of reinsurance.

The following table summarizes a roll-forward of AV for our Legacy segment net of the Venerable transaction:

117

Table of Contents


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024 (1)
		(in millions)
Balance, beginning of period		$	21,358	$	21,840
Gross Premiums		49		42
Surrenders, withdrawals and benefits		(768)		(700)
Net flows		(719)		(658)
Investment performance, interest credited and policy charges		(727)		1,332

Balance, end of period		$	19,912	$	22,514

_____________

(1)Prior periods were updated to reflect the impact of moving payout annuity policies from Legacy to Individual Retirement.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 for the Legacy Segment

Operating earnings

Operating earnings decreased $9 million to $24 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $33 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following were notable changes in operating earnings (losses):

Unfavorable items included:

•Compensation, benefits, interest expense and other operating costs increased by $9 million mainly due to higher subadvisory expenses and increased benefits cost.

•Net investment income decreased by $7 million mainly due to lower average asset balances.

These were partially offset by the following favorable items:

•Commissions and distribution-related payments decreased by $4 million mainly due to business runoff.

Net Flows and AV

•The decrease in AV of $1.4 billion in the three months ended March 31, 2025 was driven by $0.7 billion of market depreciation and net outflows of $0.7 billion.

•Net outflows of $0.7 billion were $61 million higher than in the three months ended March 31, 2024, mainly driven by continuing runoff of the business.

Corporate and Other

Corporate and Other includes some of our financing and investment expenses. It also includes: the Closed Block, run-off variable annuity reinsurance business, run-off group pension business, run-off health business, benefit plans for our employees, certain strategic investments and certain unallocated items, including capital and related investments, interest expense and financing fees and corporate expense. AB’s results of operations are reflected in the Asset Management segment. Accordingly, Corporate and Other does not include any items applicable to AB.

The following table summarizes operating earnings (loss) of Corporate and Other:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
		(in millions)
Operating earnings (loss)		$	(104)	$	(111)

118

Table of Contents

General Account Investment Portfolio

Our investment philosophy is driven by our long-term commitments to clients, robust risk management and strategic asset allocation. Our General Account investment portfolio investment strategy seeks to achieve sustainable risk-adjusted returns by focusing on principal preservation and investment return, subject to duration and liquidity requirements by product as well as diversification of investment risks. Investment activities are undertaken based on established investment guidelines and are required to comply with applicable laws and insurance regulations.

Risk tolerances are established for credit risk, market risk, liquidity risk and concentration risk across issuers and asset classes, each of which seek to mitigate the impact of cash flow variability arising from these risks. Significant interest rate increases and market volatility since 2022 have reduced the fair value of fixed maturities from a net unrealized gain position to a net unrealized loss. As a part of asset and liability management, we maintain a weighted average duration for our General Account investment portfolio that is within an acceptable range of the estimated duration of our liabilities given our risk appetite and hedging programs.

The General Account investment portfolio consists largely of investment grade fixed maturities, short-term investments, commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans, alternative investments and other financial instruments. Fixed maturities include publicly issued corporate bonds, government bonds, privately placed notes and bonds, bonds issued by states and municipalities, agency and non-agency mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. In addition, from time to time we use derivatives to hedge our exposure to equity markets, interest rates, foreign currency and credit spreads.

We incorporate ESG factors into the investment processes for a significant portion of our General Account portfolio. As investors with a long-term horizon, we believe that companies with sustainable practices are better positioned to deliver value to stakeholders over an extended period. These companies are more likely to increase sales through sustainable products, reduce energy costs and attract and retain talent. This belief underpins our approach to sustainable investing, where we seek to enhance the sustainability and quality of our investment portfolio.

Investments in our surplus portfolio are generally comprised of a mix of fixed maturity investment grade and below investment grade securities as well as various alternative investments, primarily private equity and real estate equity. Although alternative investments are subject to period over period earnings fluctuations, they have historically achieved returns in excess of the fixed maturity portfolio.

The General Account investment portfolio reflects certain differences from the presentation of the U.S. GAAP Consolidated Financial Statements. This presentation is consistent with how we manage the General Account investment portfolio. For further investment information, see Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Investment Results of the General Account Investment Portfolio

The following table summarizes the General Account investment portfolio results with Non-GAAP Operating Earnings adjustments by asset category for the periods indicated. This presentation is consistent with how we measure investment performance for management purposes.

119

Table of Contents


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025				2024
	Yield		Amount (2)		Yield		Amount (2)
	(Dollars in millions)
Fixed Maturities:
Income (loss)	4.39	%	$	928	4.37	%	$	812
Ending assets			84,784				74,810
Mortgages:
Income (loss)	5.11	%	260		5.11	%	234
Ending assets			20,566				18,570
Other Equity Investments: (1)
Income (loss)	6.23	%	53		6.24	%	54
Ending assets			3,484				3,519
Trading Securities:
Income (loss)	5.57	%	8		—	%	—
Ending assets			619				—
Policy Loans:
Income (loss)	5.07	%	55		5.22	%	54
Ending assets			4,318				4,191
Cash and Short-term Investments: (3)
Income (loss)	(7.87)	%	(72)		(2.00)	%	(29)
Ending assets			4,106				6,907
Funding agreements:
Interest expense and other			(74)				(74)
Ending assets (liabilities)			(6,837)				(7,165)
Total Invested Assets:
Income (loss)	4.22	%	1,158		4.26	%	1,051
Ending Assets			111,040				100,832



Total:
Investment income (loss)	4.22	%	1,158		4.26	%	1,051
Less: investment fees	(0.18)	%	(49)		(0.16)	%	(41)
Investment Income, Net	4.04	%	1,109		4.10	%	1,010
Ending Net Assets			$	111,040			$	100,832

_____________

(1)Includes, as of March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024 respectively, $362 million and $340 million of other invested assets. Amounts for certain consolidated VIE investments are shown net of associated non-controlling interest.

(2)Amount for fixed maturities and mortgages represents original cost, reduced by repayments, write-downs, adjusted amortization of premiums, accretion of discount and allowances. Cost for equity securities represents original cost reduced by write-downs; cost for other limited partnership interests represents original cost adjusted for equity in earnings and reduced by distributions.

(3)Cash and Short-term net of collateral expense.

AFS Fixed Maturities

The fixed maturity portfolio consists largely of investment grade corporate debt securities and includes significant amounts of U.S. government and agency obligations. The below investment grade securities in the General Account investment portfolio consist of loans to middle market companies, public high yield securities, bank loans, as well as “fallen angels,” originally purchased as investment grade investments.

AFS Fixed Maturities by Industry

The following table sets forth these fixed maturities by industry category along with their associated gross unrealized gains and losses:

120

Table of Contents

AFS Fixed Maturities by Industry (1)


	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Percentage of Total (%)
	(Dollars in millions)
As of March 31, 2025
Corporate Securities:
Finance	$	15,441	$	—	$	77	$	1,365	$	14,153	18	%
Manufacturing	12,456		3		67		1,455		11,065		14
Utilities	8,347		—		54		925		7,476		10
Services	7,960		4		63		909		7,110		9
Energy	2,603		—		18		290		2,331		3
Retail and wholesale	3,941		—		34		354		3,621		5
State and Political	—		—		—		—		—		—
Transportation	2,604		—		22		293		2,333		3
Other	450		—		1		49		402		1
Total corporate securities	53,802		7		336		5,640		48,491		63
U.S. government	6,110		—		3		1,359		4,754		6
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	5,323		—		53		116		5,260		6
Preferred stock	54		—		3		—		57		—
State & political	469		—		3		83		389		1
Foreign governments	684		—		1		126		559		1
Commercial mortgage-backed	4,485		—		9		338		4,156		5
Asset-backed securities (3)	13,857		—		91		63		13,885		18
Total	$	84,784	$	7	$	499	$	7,725	$	77,551	100	%

As of December 31, 2024
Corporate Securities:
Finance	$	16,080	$	1	$	46	$	1,494	$	14,631	18	%
Manufacturing	12,499		—		37		1,583		10,953		14
Utilities	8,476		—		44		1,004		7,516		10
Services	8,899		1		55		1,075		7,878		10
Energy	2,546		—		15		318		2,243		3
Retail and wholesale	2,979		—		34		258		2,755		4
Transportation	1,559		—		11		156		1,414		2
Other	1,665		—		9		225		1,449		2
Total corporate securities	54,703		2		251		6,113		48,839		63
U.S. government	5,801		—		—		1,513		4,288		6
Residential mortgage-backed (2)	4,520		—		15		152		4,383		6
Preferred stock	56		—		3		—		59		—
State & political	472		—		2		88		386		1
Foreign governments	689		—		1		136		554		1
Commercial mortgage-backed	4,301		—		5		385		3,921		5
Asset-backed securities (3)	13,660		—		96		57		13,699		18
Total	$	84,202	$	2	$	373	$	8,444	$	76,129	100	%

______________

(1)Investment data has been classified based on standard industry categorizations for domestic public holdings and similar classifications by industry for all other holdings.

(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.

(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.

121

Table of Contents

Fixed Maturities Credit Quality

The SVO of the NAIC evaluates the investments of insurers for regulatory reporting purposes and assigns fixed maturities to one of six categories (“NAIC Designations”). NAIC Designations of “1” or “2” include fixed maturities considered investment grade, which include securities rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s or BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor’s. NAIC Designations of “3” through “6” are referred to as below investment grade, which include securities rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by Standard & Poor’s. As a result of time lags between the funding of investments and the completion of the SVO filing process, the fixed maturity portfolio typically includes securities that have not yet been rated by the SVO as of each balance sheet date. Pending receipt of SVO ratings, the categorization of these securities by NAIC Designation is based on the expected ratings indicated by internal analysis.

The following table sets forth the General Account’s fixed maturities portfolio by NAIC rating:

AFS Fixed Maturities


NAIC Designation	Rating Agency Equivalent	Amortized Cost		Allowance for Credit Losses		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
		(in millions)
As of March 31, 2025
1................................	Aaa, Aa, A	$	56,443	$	—	$	296	$	4,836	$	51,903
2................................	Baa	26,701		—		188		2,832		24,057
	Investment grade	83,144		—		484		7,668		75,960
3................................	Ba	781		1		4		35		749
4................................	B	695		1		6		11		689
5................................	Caa	151		5		4		11		139
6................................	Ca, C	13		—		1		—		14
	Below investment grade	1,640		7		15		57		1,591
Total Fixed Maturities		$	84,784	$	7	$	499	$	7,725	$	77,551

As of December 31, 2024:
1................................	Aaa, Aa, A	$	56,266	$	—	$	210	$	5,342	$	51,134
2................................	Baa	26,255		—		147		3,043		23,359
	Investment grade	82,521		—		357		8,385		74,493
3................................	Ba	810		—		5		38		777
4................................	B	663		—		7		7		663
5................................	Caa	187		1		3		13		176
6................................	Ca, C	21		1		1		1		20
	Below investment grade	1,681		2		16		59		1,636
Total Fixed Maturities		$	84,202	$	2	$	373	$	8,444	$	76,129

Mortgage Loans

The mortgage portfolio primarily consists of commercial, agricultural, and residential mortgage loans. The investment strategy for the mortgage loan portfolio emphasizes diversification by property type and geographic location with a primary focus on asset quality. The commercial mortgage loan portfolio is backed by high quality properties located in primary markets typically owned by experienced institutional investors with a demonstrated ability to manage their assets through business cycles. Our commercial loan portfolio is monitored on an ongoing basis, assigning credit quality ratings for each loan, with the particular emphasis on loans that are scheduled to mature in the next 12 to 24 months. Scheduled maturities for full year 2025 and 2026, respectively are $2.1 billion and $2.3 billion, or 12% and 14% of the commercial mortgage portfolio. The commercial mortgage portfolio consists of 86% fixed rate loans and 14% floating rate loans. For floating rate loans, the borrower is typically required to purchase an interest rate cap to the scheduled maturity of the loan to protect against rising rates.

122

Table of Contents

Commercial mortgage loans are evaluated annually to determine a current LTV ratio. Property financial statements, current rent roll, lease maturities, tenant creditworthiness, property physical inspections, and forecasted leasing market strength are used to develop projected cash flows. A discounted cash flow methodology which incorporates market data is used to determine property values. The average LTV ratio at origination provided by a certified appraisal firm was 53%. The average LTV ratio was 67% and 67% at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which reflects the most recent opinion of value on the underlying collateral.

We use CarVal to invest in residential whole loans and other private investments. These investments allow us to leverage CarVal’s expertise in asset classes where we are looking to increase exposure. The residential mortgage portfolio primarily consists of purchased closed end, amortizing residential mortgage loans. The investment strategy for the mortgage loan portfolio emphasizes high credit quality borrowers, conservative LTV ratios, superior ability to repay and geographic diversification.

Residential mortgage loans are pooled by loan type (i.e., Jumbo, Agency Eligible, Non-Qualified, etc.) and pooled by similar risk profiles (including consumer credit score and LTV ratios). The portfolio is monitored monthly primarily based on payment activity, occurrence of regional natural disasters and borrower interactions with the mortgage servicer.

The tables below show the breakdown of the amortized cost of the General Account’s investments in mortgage loans by geographic region and property type:

Mortgage Loans by Region and Property Type


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024

	Amortized Cost		% of Total		Amortized Cost		% of Total
	(Dollars in millions)
By Region:
U.S. Regions:
Pacific	$	5,599	27	%	$	5,517	27	%
Middle Atlantic	3,959		19		3,861		19
South Atlantic	3,342		16		3,130		15
East North Central	1,198		6		1,183		6
Mountain	1,522		7		1,510		7
West North Central	951		5		953		5
West South Central	1,675		8		1,674		8
New England	929		4		925		5
East South Central	834		4		822		4
Total U.S.	20,009		96		19,575		96
Other Regions:
Europe	829		4		775		4
Total Other	829		4		775		4
Total Mortgage Loans	$	20,838	100	%	$	20,350	100	%

By Property Type:
Office	$	4,705	23	%	$	4,711	23	%
Multifamily	7,498		36		7,397		36
Agricultural loans	2,560		12		2,568		13
Retail	654		3		627		3
Industrial	2,462		12		2,310		11
Hospitality	786		4		720		4
Residential	1,168		6		1,066		5
Other	1,005		4		951		5
Total Mortgage Loans	$	20,838	100	%	$	20,350	100	%

123

Table of Contents

Other Equity Assets

The following table includes information related to our alternative investments in certain other equity investments and consolidated VIEs, including private equity funds, real estate funds and other alternative investments. These investments are typically structured as limited partnerships or LLCs and are reported to us on a lag of one month and three months for hedge funds and private equity funds, respectively.

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of alternative investments was $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion respectively. Alternative investments were 2.4% and 2.4% of cash and invested assets at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Alternative Investments (1)


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024

	Fair Value		%		Fair Value		%
	(in millions)
Private Equity	$	1,603	53	%	$	1,568	52	%
Private Debt	261		8		260		9
Infrastructure	225		7		211		7
Real Estate	659		21		652		22
Hedge Funds	59		2		57		2
Other (2)	270		9		263		8
Total (3)	$	3,077	100	%	$	3,011	100	%

_____________

(1)Reported in Other Equity Investments in the consolidated balance sheets.

(2)Includes CLO equity, co-investments and investments in other strategies. CLO equity investments are consolidated and assets are reported in Fixed Maturities, at fair value using the fair value option in the consolidated balance sheets.

(3)Includes $957 million and $812 million of non-General Account assets as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity refers to our ability to generate adequate amounts of cash from our operating, investment and financing activities to meet our cash requirements with a prudent margin of safety. Capital refers to our long-term financial resources available to support business operations and future growth. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital is dependent on the profitability of our businesses, timing of cash flows related to our investments and products, our ability to access the capital markets, general economic conditions and the alternative sources of liquidity and capital described herein. When considering our liquidity and cash flows, we distinguish between the needs of Holdings and the needs of our insurance and non-insurance subsidiaries. We also distinguish and separately manage the liquidity and capital resources of our retirement and protection businesses (our Individual Retirement, Group Retirement, Protection Solutions and Legacy segments) and our Asset Management and Wealth Management segments.

Subsequent to December 31, 2024, our operating subsidiary, Equitable Financial, as well as our subsidiaries Equitable America and Equitable Financial L&A, entered into a master transaction agreement with RGA on February 23, 2025 pursuant to which at closing and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in such agreement, RGA would enter into reinsurance agreements, as reinsurer, with each such subsidiary, as ceding company, to effect the RGA Reinsurance Transaction. The transaction is expected to reinsure 75% of such ceding companies’ in-force individual life insurance block, and upon closing, generate total value for Holdings of over $2 billion, which includes a positive ceding commission and capital release, and is expected to close in mid-2025. See “Risk Factors—The completion of the reinsurance transaction with Reinsurance Group of America is subject to several conditions, including the receipt of consents and approvals from government entities, which may impose conditions that could have an adverse effect on the expected economic and non-economic benefits to the Company or could cause the proposed transaction to be abandoned.”

124

Table of Contents

Separately, our Board approved an additional $1.5 billion of share repurchases under its share repurchase program. The repurchase program does not obligate Holdings to purchase any particular number of shares. As of March 31, 2025, Holdings had authorized capacity of approximately $1.7 billion remaining in its share repurchase program. See Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on the repurchase program.

Sources and Uses of Liquidity

The Company has sufficient cash flows from operations to satisfy liquidity requirements in 2025.

Cash Flows of Holdings

As a holding company with no business operations of its own, Holdings primarily derives cash flows from dividends from its subsidiaries and distributions related to its economic interest in AB, all of which is currently held outside our insurance company subsidiaries. These principal sources of liquidity are augmented by cash and short-term investments held by Holdings and access to bank lines of credit and the capital markets. The main uses of liquidity for Holdings are interest payments and debt repayment, payment of dividends and other distributions to stockholders (which may include stock repurchases) loans and capital contributions, if needed, to our insurance subsidiaries. Our principal sources of liquidity and our capital position are described in the following paragraphs.

Sources and Uses of Holding Company Highly Liquid Assets

The following table sets forth Holdings’ principal sources and uses of highly liquid assets:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Highly Liquid Assets, beginning of period	$	1,982	$	1,998
Dividends from subsidiaries	226		182

Issuance of loans to affiliates	—		—
Capital contribution from parent company	—		—
Capital contributions to subsidiaries	—		—
M&A Activity	—		—
Purchase of AllianceBernstein Units	—		—

Total Business Capital Activity	226		182

Purchase of treasury shares	(262)		(253)

Shareholder dividends paid	(74)		(73)
Total Share Repurchases, Dividends and Acquisition Activity	(336)		(326)
Issuance/(redemption) of preferred stock	—		—
Preferred stock dividend	(14)		(14)
Total Preferred Stock Activity	(14)		(14)

Issuance of long-term debt	500		—
Repayment of long-term debt	—		—
Total External Debt Activity	500		—


Proceeds from loans from affiliates	—		—


Net decrease (increase) in existing facilities to affiliates (1)	(30)		—
Total Affiliated Debt Activity	(30)		—

125

Table of Contents


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
	(in millions)

Interest paid on external debt and P-Caps	(34)		(26)
Others, net	30		110
Total Other Activity	(4)		84

Net increase (decrease) in highly liquid assets	342		(74)
Highly Liquid Assets, end of period	$	2,324	$	1,924

_______________

(1) Represents net activity of draws and repayments of existing credit facilities between Holdings and affiliates.

Capital Contribution to Our Subsidiaries

Holdings did not make any capital contributions to its subsidiaries during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Loans from Our Subsidiaries

There were no new loans from our subsidiaries during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Cash Distributions from Our Non-Insurance Subsidiaries

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Holdings received cash distributions of $182 million from AB and $44 million from the investment management contracts with EFIM and EIM.

Distributions from Insurance Subsidiaries

Our insurance companies are subject to limitations on the payment of dividends and other transfers of funds to Holdings and other affiliates under applicable insurance law and regulation. Also, more generally, the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends can be affected by market conditions and other factors beyond our control.

Equitable’s primary insurance regulators in the U.S are the NYDFS and the Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions. Under New York’s insurance laws, which are applicable to Equitable Financial, a domestic stock life insurer may not pay an Ordinary Dividend exceeding an amount calculated based on a statutory formula without prior approval of the NYDFS. Extraordinary Dividends require the insurer to file a notice of its intent to declare the dividends with the NYDFS and obtain prior approval or non-disapproval from the NYDFS. Similarly, under Arizona insurance law, which is applicable to Equitable America, a domestic life insurer may not pay a dividend to its shareholders that exceeds an amount calculated based on a statutory formula without prior approval of the Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions.

In 2024, Equitable America had Ordinary Dividend capacity of $441 million. In June 2024, Equitable America received approval from Arizona Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions for an Extraordinary Dividend of $300 million. Holdings received an Ordinary Dividend distribution from Equitable America of $441 million during July 2024. Holdings received a dividend distribution from Equitable America of $22 million during September 2024 under the Extraordinary Dividend capacity. Holdings also received a dividend distribution from Equitable America of $238 million in December 2024 under the Extraordinary Dividend capacity. In 2025, Equitable America estimates it will have Ordinary Dividend capacity of $347 million.

Based on the NYDFS formula, Equitable Financial had no Ordinary Dividend capacity in 2024 and 2025.

Distributions from AllianceBernstein

ABLP is required to distribute all of its Available Cash Flow, as defined in the Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of ABLP, to the holders of AB Units and to the General Partner. Available Cash Flow is defined as the cash flow received by ABLP from operations minus such amounts as the General Partner determines, in its sole discretion, should be retained by ABLP for use in its business, or plus such amounts as the General Partner determines, in its sole discretion, should be released from previously retained cash flow. Distributions by ABLP are made 1% to the General Partner and 99% among the limited partners.

126

Table of Contents

Typically, Available Cash Flow has been the adjusted diluted net income per unit for the quarter multiplied by the number of general and limited partnership interests at the end of the quarter. In future periods, management of AB anticipates that Available Cash Flow will be based on adjusted diluted net income per unit, unless management of AB determines, with the concurrence of the Board of Directors of AB, that one or more adjustments that are made for adjusted net income should not be made with respect to the Available Cash Flow calculation.

AB Holding is required to distribute all of its Available Cash Flow, as defined in the Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of AB Holding, to holders of AB Holding Units pro rata in accordance with their percentage interest in AB Holding. Available Cash Flow is defined as the cash distributions AB Holding receives from ABLP minus such amounts as the General Partner determines, in its sole discretion, should be retained by AB Holding for use in its business (such as the payment of taxes) or plus such amounts as the General Partner determines, in its sole discretion, should be released from previously retained cash flow. AB Holding is dependent on the quarterly cash distributions it receives from ABLP, which is subject to the performance of capital markets and other factors beyond our control. Distributions from AB Holding are made pro rata based on the holder’s percentage ownership interest in AB Holding.

On December 19, 2024, Holdings and its subsidiaries exchanged 5,211,194 AB Holding Units for AB Units, which receive higher net distributions. On December 19, 2024, Holdings also acquired 4,215,140 AB Units from ABLP for a cash purchase price of $35.59 per share.

As of March 31, 2025, Holdings and its non-insurance company subsidiaries hold approximately 179.5 million AB Units, 0.1 million AB Holding Units and the 1% General Partnership interest in ABLP.

As of March 31, 2025, the ownership structure of ABLP, including AB Units outstanding as well as the General Partner’s 1% interest, was as follows:


Owner	Percentage Ownership
EQH and its subsidiaries	61.8	%
AB Holding	37.5
Unaffiliated holders	0.7
Total	100.0	%

Including both the general partnership and limited partnership interests in AB Holding and ABLP, Holdings and its subsidiaries had an approximate 61.9% economic interest in AB as of March 31, 2025.

Holdings Credit Facilities

On June 24, 2021, Holdings entered into the Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement with respect to a five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), which lowered the facility amount to $1.5 billion and extended the maturity date to June 24, 2026, among other changes. The Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement amends the Revolving Credit Agreement entered into by Holdings on February 16, 2018, as amended on March 22, 2021.

On December 15, 2023, the Company added a $75 million commitment from TD Bank to the Credit Facility, raising the facility amount to $1.6 billion. On July 24, 2024, the Company terminated a $75 million commitment from Credit Suisse to the Credit Facility, reducing the facility amount to $1.5 billion. Additionally, the Company entered in a letter of credit facility with MUFG Bank on January 23, 2024, in a face amount of $200 million to replace a $150 million facility with HSBC that expired on February 16, 2024.

The Credit Facility may provide significant support to our liquidity position when alternative sources of credit are limited. In addition to the Credit Facility, we have letter of credit facilities with an aggregate principal amount of approximately $1.9 billion (the “LOC Facilities”), primarily to be used to support our life insurance business reinsured to EQ AZ Life Re in April 2018. In June 2021, Holdings entered into amendments with each of the issuers of its bilateral letter of credit facilities to effect changes similar to those effected in the Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement. The respective facility limits of the bilateral letter of credit facilities remained unchanged. On May 12, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Facility and LOC Facilities to replace remaining LIBOR-based benchmark rates with Secured Overnight Financial Rate (“SOFR”)-based benchmark rates and to make certain other conforming changes.

127

Table of Contents

The Credit Facility, LOC Facilities and Term Loan Agreement contain certain administrative, reporting, legal and financial covenants, including requirements to maintain a specified minimum consolidated net worth and to maintain a ratio of indebtedness to total capitalization not in excess of a specified percentage, and limitations on the dollar amount of indebtedness that may be incurred by our subsidiaries and the dollar amount of secured indebtedness that may be incurred by us, which could restrict our operations and use of funds. The right to borrow funds under the Credit Facility, LOC Facilities and Term Loan Agreement is subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions, including compliance with all covenants, and the ability to borrow thereunder is also subject to the continued ability of the lenders that are or will be parties to the facilities to provide funds. As of March 31, 2025, we were in compliance with the covenants under the Credit Facility and LOC Facilities.

Contingent Funding Arrangements

For information regarding activity pertaining to our contingent funding arrangements and other off-balance sheet commitments, see “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities” in Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock

For information pertaining to our Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock see Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Capital Position of Holdings

We manage our capital position to maintain financial strength and credit ratings that facilitate the distribution of our products and provide our desired level of access to the bank and capital markets. Our capital position is supported by the ability of our subsidiaries to generate cash flows and distribute cash to us and our ability to effectively manage the risk of our businesses and to borrow funds and raise capital to meet our operating and growth needs.

Our Board and senior management are directly involved in the development of our capital management policies. Accordingly, capital actions, including proposed changes to the annual capital plan, capital targets and capital policies, are approved by the Board.

Dividends Declared and Paid

The declaration and payment of future dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and depends on our financial condition, results of operations, cash requirements, future prospects, regulatory restrictions on the payment of dividends by Holdings’ insurance subsidiaries and other factors deemed relevant by the Board.

The payment of dividends will be substantially restricted in the event that we do not declare and pay (or set aside) dividends on the Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Stock for the last proceeding dividend period. For additional information on our preferred stock, see “—Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock”.

For information regarding activity pertaining to common and preferred dividends declared and paid, see Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Share Repurchase Programs

For information regarding activity pertaining to share repurchase programs, see Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Sources and Uses of Liquidity of Our Insurance Subsidiaries

The principal sources of liquidity for our insurance subsidiaries are premiums, investment and fee income, deposits associated with our insurance and annuity operations, cash and invested assets, as well as internal borrowings. The principal

128

Table of Contents

uses of that liquidity include benefits, claims and dividends paid to policyholders and payments to policyholders in connection with surrenders and withdrawals. Other uses of liquidity include commissions, general and administrative expenses, purchases of investments, the payment of dividends to Holdings and hedging activity. Certain of our insurance subsidiaries’ principal sources and uses of liquidity are described in the paragraphs that follow.

We manage the liquidity of our insurance subsidiaries with the objective of ensuring that they can meet payment obligations linked to our Individual Retirement, Group Retirement and Protection Solutions businesses and to their outstanding debt and derivative positions, including in our hedging programs, without support from Holdings. We employ an asset/liability management approach specific to the requirements of each of our insurance businesses. We measure liquidity against internally-developed benchmarks that consider the characteristics of our asset portfolio and the liabilities that it supports in both the short-term (the next 12 months) and long-term (beyond the next 12 months). We consider attributes of the various categories of our liquid assets (for example, type of asset and credit quality) in calculating internal liquidity indicators for our insurance and reinsurance operations. Our liquidity benchmarks are established for various stress scenarios and durations, including company-specific and market-wide events. The scenarios we use to evaluate the liquidity of our subsidiaries are defined to allow operating entities to operate without support from Holdings.

Liquid Assets

The investment portfolios of our insurance subsidiaries are a significant component of our overall liquidity. Liquid assets include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, U.S. Treasury fixed maturities, fixed maturities that are not designated as HTM and public equity securities. We believe that our business operations and the liquidity profile of our assets provide sufficient liquidity under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios for each of our insurance subsidiaries.

See “—General Account Investment Portfolio” and Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our retirement and protection businesses’ portfolio of liquid assets.

Hedging Activities

Because the future claims exposure on our insurance products, and in particular our variable annuity products, is sensitive to movements in the equity markets and interest rates, we have in place various hedging and reinsurance programs that are designed to mitigate the economic risks of movements in the equity markets and interest rates. We use derivatives as part of our overall asset/liability risk management program primarily to reduce exposures to equity market and interest rate risks. In addition, we use credit derivatives to replicate exposure to individual securities or pools of securities as a means of achieving credit exposure similar to bonds of the underlying issuer(s) more efficiently. The derivative contracts are an integral part of our risk management program, especially for the management of our variable annuities program, and are collectively managed to reduce the economic impact of unfavorable movements in capital markets. These derivative transactions require liquidity to meet payment obligations such as payments for periodic settlements, purchases, maturities and terminations as well as liquid assets pledged as collateral related to any decline in the net estimated fair value. Collateral calls represent one of our biggest drivers for liquidity needs for our insurance subsidiaries. Our derivatives contracts reside primarily within Equitable Financial, which has a significantly large investment portfolio.

FHLB Membership

Equitable Financial and Equitable America are members of the FHLB, which provides access to collateralized borrowings and other FHLB products.

See Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of our FHLB program.

FABN

Under the FABN program, Equitable Financial may issue funding agreements in U.S. dollar or other foreign currencies.

See Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of our FABN program.

FABCP

Under the FABCP program, Equitable Financial and Equitable America may issue funding agreements in U.S. dollars to the SPLLC.

129

Table of Contents

See Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of our FABCP program.

Sources and Uses of Liquidity of our Asset Management Segment

The principal sources of liquidity for our Asset Management business include investment management fees and borrowings under its credit facilities and commercial paper program. The principal uses of liquidity include general and administrative expenses, business financing and distributions to holders of AB Units and AB Holding Units plus interest and debt service. The primary liquidity risk for our fee-based Asset Management business is its profitability, which is impacted by market conditions and our investment management performance.

AB Commercial Paper

As of March 31, 2025, AB had $0 million of commercial paper outstanding. As of December 31, 2024, AB had $0 million of commercial paper outstanding. The commercial paper is short term in nature, and as such, recorded value is estimated to approximate fair value (and considered a Level 2 security in the fair value hierarchy). Average daily borrowings for the commercial paper outstanding during the first quarter 2025 and full year 2024 were $183 million and $268 million, respectively, with weighted average interest rates of approximately 4.5% and 5.4%, respectively.

AB Credit Facility

AB has an $800 million committed, unsecured senior revolving credit facility (the “AB Credit Facility”) with a group of commercial banks and other lenders which matures on October 13, 2026. The credit facility provides for possible increases in the principal amount by up to an aggregate incremental amount of $200 million. Any such increase is subject to the consent of the affected lenders. The AB Credit Facility is available for AB and SCB LLC for business purposes, including the support of AB’s commercial paper program. Both AB and SCB LLC can draw directly under the AB Credit Facility and AB management expects to draw on the AB Credit Facility from time to time. AB has agreed to guarantee the obligations of SCB LLC under the AB Credit Facility.

The AB Credit Facility contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, which are customary for facilities of this type, including, among other things, restrictions on dispositions of assets, restrictions on liens, a minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum leverage ratio. As of March 31, 2025, AB was in compliance with these covenants. The AB Credit Facility also includes customary events of default (with customary grace periods, as applicable), including provisions under which, upon the occurrence of an event of default, all outstanding loans may be accelerated and/or lender’s commitments may be terminated. Also, under such provisions, upon the occurrence of certain insolvency- or bankruptcy-related events of default, all amounts payable under the AB Credit Facility would automatically become immediately due and payable, and the lender’s commitments would automatically terminate.

Amounts under the Credit Facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed by us from time to time until the maturity of the facility. Voluntary pre-payments and commitment reductions requested by AB are permitted at any time without a fee (other than customary breakage costs relating to the pre-payment of any drawn loans) upon proper notice and subject to a minimum dollar requirement. Borrowings under the AB Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum, which will be, at AB’s option, a rate equal to an applicable margin, which is subject to adjustment based on the credit ratings of AB, plus one of the following indices: a term Secured Overnight Financial Rate; a Prime rate; or the Federal Funds rate.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, AB had no amounts outstanding under the AB Credit Facility. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and full year 2024, AB and SCB LLC did not draw upon the AB Credit Facility.

As of March 31 2025, SCB LLC has three uncommitted lines of credit with three financial institutions. Two of these lines of credit permit borrowing up to an aggregate of approximately $150 million, with AB named as an additional borrower, while the other line has no stated limit. AB has agreed to guarantee the obligations on SCB LLC under these lines of credit. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, SCB LLC had no outstanding balance on these lines of credit. Average daily borrowings during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and the full year 2024 were $1 million and $1 million with weighted average interest rates of approximately 7.5% and 8.5%, respectively.

EQH Facility

AB has a $900 million committed, unsecured senior credit facility (the “EQH Facility”). The EQH Facility matures on August 31, 2029. The EQH Facility is available for AB’s general business purposes. Borrowings under the EQH Facility generally bear interest at a rate per annum based on prevailing overnight commercial paper rates.

130

Table of Contents

The EQH Facility contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants which are substantially similar to those in AB’s committed bank facilities. As of March 31, 2025, AB was in compliance with these covenants. The EQH Facility also includes customary events of default substantially similar to those in AB’s committed bank facilities, including provisions under which, upon the occurrence of an event of default, all outstanding loans may be accelerated and/or the lender’s commitment may be terminated.

Amounts under the EQH Facility may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed by AB from time to time until the maturity of the facility. AB or Holdings may reduce or terminate the commitment at any time without penalty upon proper notice. Holdings also may terminate the facility immediately upon a change of control of AB’s General Partner.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, AB had $740 million and $710 million outstanding under the EQH Facility, with interest rates of approximately 4.3% and 4.3%, respectively. Average daily borrowing of the EQH Facility for the first three months of 2025 and full year 2024 were $409 million and $494 million, respectively, with a weighted average interest rates of approximately 4.3% and 5.2%, respectively.

EQH Uncommitted Facility

In addition to the EQH Facility, AB has a $300 million uncommitted, unsecured senior credit facility (the “EQH Uncommitted Facility”) with EQH. The EQH Uncommitted Facility matures August 31, 2029 and is available for AB’s general business purposes. Borrowings under the EQH Uncommitted Facility bear interest generally at a rate per annum based on prevailing overnight commercial paper rates. The EQH Uncommitted Facility contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants, which are substantially similar to those in the EQH Facility. As of March 31, 2025, AB was in compliance with these covenants.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2023, AB had no amounts outstanding under the EQH Uncommitted Facility. During the first three months of 2025 and full year 2024, AB did not draw upon the EQH Uncommitted Facility.

Statutory Capital of Our Insurance Subsidiaries

Our capital management framework for our insurance subsidiaries is primarily based on statutory RBC standards and the CTE asset standard for our variable annuity business.

RBC requirements are used as minimum capital requirements by the NAIC and the state insurance departments to evaluate the capital condition of regulated insurance companies. RBC is based on a formula calculated by applying factors to various asset, premium, claim, expense and statutory reserve items. The formula takes into account the risk characteristics of the insurer, including asset risk, insurance risk, interest rate risk, market risk and business risk and is calculated on a quarterly basis and made public on an annual basis. The formula is used as an early warning regulatory tool to identify possible inadequately capitalized insurers for purposes of initiating regulatory action, and not as a means to rank insurers generally. These rules apply to our insurance company subsidiaries and not to Holdings. State insurance laws provide insurance regulators the authority to require various actions by, or take various actions against, insurers whose TAC does not meet or exceed certain RBC levels. At the date of the most recent annual statutory financial statements filed with insurance regulators, the TAC of each of these insurance company subsidiaries subject to these requirements was in excess of each of those RBC levels.

See Note 18 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information relating to Prescribed and Permitted Statutory Accounting practices and its impact on our statutory surplus.

Captive Reinsurance Company

We use a captive reinsurance company to more effectively manage our reserves and capital on an economic basis and to enable the aggregation and transfer of risks. Our captive reinsurance company assumes business from affiliates only and is closed to new business. Our captive reinsurance company is a wholly-owned subsidiary located in the United States. In addition to state insurance regulation, our captive reinsurance company is subject to internal policies governing its activities. We continue to analyze the use of our existing captive reinsurance structure, as well as additional third-party reinsurance arrangements.

131

Table of Contents

Borrowings

The following table sets forth the Company’s total consolidated borrowings. Short-term and long-term debt consists of the following:



	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Short-term debt:
AB Commercial paper	$	—	$	—



Total short-term debt	—		—
Long-term debt:
Senior Debenture due 2028	250		250
Senior Note due 2028	1,495		1,494
Senior Note due 2029	304		303
Senior Note due 2033	497		497
Senior Note due 2048	1,289		1,289
Junior Sub Debt Securities due 2055	495		—
Total long-term debt	4,330		3,833
Total short and long-term debt	$	4,330	$	3,833

Notes and Debentures

The Senior Notes and Senior Debentures contain customary affirmative and negative covenants, including a limitation on certain liens and a limit on the Company’s ability to consolidate, merge or sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets. The Senior Notes and Senior Debentures also include customary events of default (with customary grace periods, as applicable), including provisions under which, upon the occurrence of an event of default, all outstanding Senior Notes and Senior Debentures may be accelerated. As of March 31, 2025, the Company is in compliance with all debt covenants.

Ratings

Financial strength ratings (which are sometimes referred to as “claims-paying” ratings) and credit ratings are important factors affecting public confidence in an insurer and its competitive position in marketing products. Our credit ratings are also important for our ability to raise capital through the issuance of debt and for the cost of such financing.

Financial strength ratings represent the opinions of rating agencies regarding the financial ability of an insurance company to meet its obligations under an insurance policy. Credit ratings represent the opinions of rating agencies regarding an entity’s ability to repay its indebtedness. The following table summarizes the ratings for Holdings and certain of its subsidiaries. AM Best, S&P and Moody’s have a stable outlook.

AM Best

S&P

Moody’s

Last review date

Feb 25

Mar 25

May 24

Financial Strength Ratings:

Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company

A+

Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company of America

A+

Credit Ratings:

Equitable Holdings, Inc.

bbb+

A-

Baa1

Last review date

Nov 24

Mar 24

AllianceBernstein L.P.

Material Cash Requirement

132

Table of Contents

Our material cash requirements include policyholder obligations, long-term debt, commercial paper, EB, operating leases and various funding commitments. See “Material Cash Requirement” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 2024 Form 10-K for additional information.

Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein. For a discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The most critical estimates include those used in determining:

•MRBs and purchased MRBs

•accounting for reinsurance;

•estimated fair values of investments in the absence of quoted market values and investment impairments;

•estimated fair values of freestanding derivatives;

•goodwill and related impairment;

•measurement of income taxes and the valuation of deferred tax assets; and

•liabilities for litigation and regulatory matters.

In applying our accounting policies, we make subjective and complex judgments that frequently require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. Many of these policies, estimates and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries while others are specific to our business and operations. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes to the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk described in the 2024 Form 10-K in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk”.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2025, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

No change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

133

Table of Contents

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information regarding certain legal proceedings pending against us, see Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Also see “Risk Factors—Legal and Regulatory Risks—Legal proceedings and regulatory actions” included in the 2024 Form 10-K.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described in the “Risk Factors” section included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Risks to which we are subject also include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information” above and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information about purchases by Holdings during the three months ended March 31, 2025, of its common stock:


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
1/1/25 through 1/31/25	1,868,710	$	47.71	1,868,710	$	339,570,180
2/1/25 through 2/28/25	620,370	$	53.27	620,370	$	1,820,670,246
3/1/25 through 3/31/25	2,523,905	$	51.98	2,523,905	$	1,681,870,670
Total	5,012,985	$	50.55	5,012,985	$	1,681,870,670

See Note 13 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for ASR transaction detail during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Securities Trading Plans of Directors and Executive Officers

A significant portion of the compensation of our executive officers is delivered in the form of equity awards, including restricted stock units and performance shares. All vehicles contain vesting requirements related to service, with performance shares also requiring the satisfaction of certain performance criteria related to corporate performance to obtain a payout. This compensation design is intended to align executive compensation with the performance experienced by our shareholders. Following the delivery of shares of our common stock under those equity awards, once any applicable service- or performance-based vesting standards have been satisfied, our executive officers from time to time engage in the open-market sale of some of those shares. Our executive officers may also engage from time to time in other transactions involving our securities.

Transactions in our securities by our executive officers are required to be made in accordance with our Insider Trading Policy, which, among other things, requires that the transactions be in accordance with applicable U.S. federal securities laws that prohibit trading while in possession of material nonpublic information. Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act provides an affirmative defense that enables prearranged transactions in securities in a manner that avoids concerns about initiating transactions at a future date while possibly in possession of material nonpublic information. Our Insider Trading Policy permits our executive officers to enter into trading plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1.

134

Table of Contents

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended).

Item 6. Exhibits


Number		Description and Method of Filing
4 .1		First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 26, 2025, between Equitable Holdings, Inc. and the Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 26, 2025).
1 0.1	#	Master Transaction Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2025, by and among Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company, Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company of America, Equitable Financial Life & Annuity Company, and RGA Reinsurance Company.
1 0 .2		364-Day Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of February 21, 2025, among Equitable Holdings, Inc., certain Banks and Barclays Bank Plc, as administrative agent, sole lead arranger and bookrunner (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on February 24, 2025).
1 0.3		Underwriting Agreement, dated as of March 12, 2025, among Equitable Holdings, Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on March 13, 2025).
31.1	#	Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	#	Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	#	Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	#	Certification of the Registrant’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibits 101).

______________

# Filed herewith.

135

Table of Contents

GLOSSARY

Selected Financial Terms


Account Value (“AV”)			Generally equals the aggregate policy account value of our retirement and protection products. General Account AV refers to account balances in investment options that are backed by the General Account while Separate Accounts AV refers to Separate Accounts investment assets.

Alternative investments			Investments in real estate and real estate joint ventures and other limited partnerships.

Assets under administration (“AUA”)			Includes non-insurance client assets that are invested in our savings and investment products or serviced by our Equitable Advisors platform. We provide administrative services for these assets and generally record the revenues received as distribution fees.

Assets under management (“AUM”)			Investment assets that are managed by one of our subsidiaries and includes: (i) assets managed by AB, (ii) the assets in our GAIA portfolio and (iii) the Separate Account assets of our retirement and protection businesses. Total AUM reflects exclusions between segments to avoid double counting.

Combined RBC Ratio			Calculated as the overall aggregate RBC ratio for the Company’s insurance subsidiaries including capital held for its life insurance and variable annuity liabilities and non-variable annuity insurance liabilities.

Conditional tail expectation (“CTE”)			Calculated as the average amount of total assets required to satisfy obligations over the life of the contract or policy in the worst x% of scenarios. Represented as CTE (100 less x). Example: CTE95 represents the worst five percent of scenarios.

Deferred policy acquisition cost (“DAC”)			Represents the incremental costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new and certain renewal insurance policies and annuity contracts and which have been deferred on the consolidated balance sheet as an asset.

Deferred sales inducements (“DSI”)			Represent amounts that are credited to a policyholder’s account balance that are higher than the expected crediting rates on similar contracts without such an inducement and that are an incentive to purchase a contract and also meet the accounting criteria to be deferred as an asset that is amortized over the life of the contract.

Fee-type revenue			Revenue from fees and related items, including policy charges and fee income, premiums, investment management and service fees, and other income.

Gross Premiums			First year premium and renewal premium and deposits


Invested assets			Includes fixed maturity securities, equity securities, mortgage loans, policy loans, alternative investments and short-term investments.

Protection Solutions Reserves			Equals the aggregate value of Policyholders’ account balances and Future policy benefits for policies in our Protection Solutions segment.

Reinsurance			Insurance policies purchased by insurers to limit the total loss they would experience from an insurance claim.

Renewal premium and deposits			Premiums and deposits after the first twelve months of the policy or contract.

Risk-based capital (“RBC”)			Rules to determine insurance company statutory capital requirements. It is based on rules published by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”).

Total adjusted capital (“TAC”)			Primarily consists of capital and surplus, and the asset valuation reserve.

Product Terms

401(k)			A tax-deferred retirement savings plan sponsored by an employer. 401(k) refers to the section of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) pursuant to which these plans are established.

136

Table of Contents


403(b)			A tax-deferred retirement savings plan available to certain employees of public schools and certain tax-exempt organizations. 403(b) refers to the section of the Code pursuant to which these plans are established.

Affluent			Refers to individuals with $250,000 to $999,999 of investable assets.

Annuitant			The person who receives annuity payments or the person whose life expectancy determines the amount of variable annuity payments upon annuitization of an annuity to be paid for life.

Annuitization			The process of converting an annuity investment into a series of periodic income payments, generally for life.


Benefit base			A notional amount (not actual cash value) used to calculate the owner’s guaranteed benefits within an annuity contract. The death benefit and living benefit within the same contract may not have the same benefit base.

Cash surrender value			The amount an insurance company pays (minus any surrender charge) to the policyholder when the contract or policy is voluntarily terminated prematurely.

Dollar-for-dollar withdrawal			A method of calculating the reduction of a variable annuity benefit base after a withdrawal in which the benefit is reduced by one dollar for every dollar withdrawn.

EQUI-VEST Group (“EG”)			A traditional variable deferred annuity without enhanced guaranteed benefits with single and ongoing premiums sold in the tax-exempt 403(b)/457(b) markets.

EQUI-VEST Individual (“EI”)			A traditional variable deferred annuity without enhanced guaranteed benefits sold in the individual market.

Future policy benefits			Future policy benefits for the annuities business are comprised mainly of liabilities for life-contingent income annuities, and liabilities for the variable annuity guaranteed minimum benefits accounted for as insurance. Future policy benefits for the life business are comprised mainly of liabilities for traditional life and certain liabilities for universal and variable life insurance contracts (other than the Policyholders’ account balance).

General Account Investment Portfolio			The invested assets held in the General Account.

General Account			The assets held in the general accounts of our insurance companies as well as assets held in our Separate Accounts on which we bear the investment risk.

GMxB			A general reference to all forms of variable annuity guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed minimum living benefits, or GMLBs (such as GMIBs, GMWBs and GMABs), and guaranteed minimum death benefits, or GMDBs (inclusive of return of premium death benefit guarantees).

GMxB Core			Retirement Cornerstone and Accumulator sold 2011 and later.

GMxB Legacy			Fixed-rate GMxB business written prior to 2011.

Guaranteed income benefit (“GIB”)			An optional benefit which provides the policyholder with a guaranteed lifetime annuity based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to a GIB benefit base, with annuitization automatically triggered if and when the contract AV falls to zero.


Guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”)			An optional benefit (available for an additional cost) which entitles an annuitant to a minimum payment, typically in lump-sum, after a set period of time, typically referred to as the accumulation period. The minimum payment is based on the benefit base, which could be greater than the underlying AV.

Guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”)			An optional benefit (available for an additional cost) that guarantees an annuitant’s beneficiaries are entitled to a minimum payment based on the benefit base, which could be greater than the underlying AV, upon the death of the annuitant.

137

Table of Contents


Guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”)			An optional benefit (available for an additional cost) where an annuitant is entitled to annuitize the policy and receive a minimum payment stream based on the benefit base, which could be greater than the underlying AV.

Guaranteed minimum living benefits (“GMLB”)			A reference to all forms of guaranteed minimum living benefits, including GMIBs, GMWBs and GMABs (does not include GMDBs).

Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”)			An optional benefit (available for an additional cost) where an annuitant is entitled to withdraw a maximum amount of their benefit base each year, for which cumulative payments to the annuitant could be greater than the underlying AV.

Guaranteed withdrawal benefit for life (“GWBL”)			An optional benefit (available for an additional cost) where an annuitant is entitled to withdraw a maximum amount of their benefit base each year, for the duration of the policyholder’s life, regardless of account performance.

High net worth			Refers to individuals with $1,000,000 or more of investable assets.

Indexed Universal Life (“IUL”)			A permanent life insurance offering built on a universal life insurance framework that uses an equity-linked approach for generating policy investment returns.

Investment Edge (“IE”)			A traditional variable deferred annuity without enhanced guaranteed benefits that provides tax-efficient distribution.

Living benefits			Optional benefits (available at an additional cost) that guarantee that the policyholder will get back at least his original investment when the money is withdrawn.

Mortality and expense risk fee (“M&E fee”)			A fee charged by insurance companies to compensate for the risk they take by issuing life insurance and variable annuity contracts.


Net flows			Net change in customer account balances in a period including, but not limited to, gross premiums, surrenders, withdrawals and benefits. It excludes investment performance, interest credited to customer accounts and policy charges.

Policyholder account balances			Annuities. Policyholder account balances are held for fixed deferred annuities, the fixed account portion of variable annuities and non-life contingent income annuities. Interest is credited to the policyholder’s account at interest rates we determine which are influenced by current market rates, subject to specified minimums. Life Insurance Policies. Policyholder account balances are held for retained asset accounts, universal life policies and the fixed account of universal variable life insurance policies. Interest is credited to the policyholder’s account at interest rates we determine which are influenced by current market rates, subject to specified minimums.

Return of premium (“ROP”) death benefit			This death benefit pays the greater of the account value at the time of a claim following the owner’s death or the total contributions to the contract (subject to adjustment for withdrawals). The charge for this benefit is usually included in the M&E fee that is deducted daily from the net assets in each variable investment option. We also refer to this death benefit as the Return of Principal death benefit.

Rider			An optional feature or benefit that a policyholder can purchase at an additional cost.

Separate Account			Refers to the separate account investment assets of our insurance subsidiaries excluding the assets held in those Separate Accounts on which we bear the investment risk.

Surrender charge			A fee paid by a contract owner for the early withdrawal of an amount that exceeds a specific percentage or for cancellation of the contract within a specified amount of time after purchase.


Surrender rate			Represents annualized surrenders and withdrawals as a percentage of average AV.

Universal life (“UL”) products			Life insurance products that provide a death benefit in return for payment of specified annual policy charges that are generally related to specific costs, which may change over time. To the extent that the policyholder chooses to pay more than the charges required in any given year to keep the policy in-force, the excess premium will be placed into the AV of the policy and credited with a stated interest rate on a monthly basis.

138

Table of Contents



Variable annuity			A type of annuity that offers guaranteed periodic payments for a defined period of time or for life and gives purchasers the ability to invest in various markets though the underlying investment options, which may result in potentially higher, but variable, returns.

Variable Universal Life (“VUL”)			Universal life products where the excess amount paid over policy charges can be directed by the policyholder into a variety of Separate Account investment options. In the Separate Account investment options, the policyholder bears the entire risk and returns of the investment results.

139

Table of Contents

ACRONYMS

•“AB” or “AllianceBernstein” means AB Holding and ABLP

•“AB Holding” means AllianceBernstein Holding L.P., a Delaware limited partnership

•“AB Holding Units” means units representing assignments of beneficial ownership of limited partnership interests in AB Holding

•“AB Units” means units of limited partnership interests in ABLP

•“ABLP” means AllianceBernstein L.P., a Delaware limited partnership and the operating partnership for the AB business

•“AFS” means available-for-sale

•“AOCI” means accumulated other comprehensive income

•“ASR” means accelerated share repurchase

•“ASU” means Accounting Standards Update

•“BOP” means beginning of period

•“BPs” means basis points

•“BRS” means Bernstein Research Services

•“CDS” means credit default swaps

•“CLO” means collateralized loan obligation

•“CODM” means chief operating decision maker

•“COI” means cost of insurance

•“COLI” means corporate owned life insurance

•“Company” means Equitable Holdings, Inc. with its consolidated subsidiaries

•“CS Life” means Corporate Solutions Life Reinsurance Company, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Venerable Insurance and Annuity Company RE

•“CSA” means credit support annex

•“DOL” means U.S. Department of Labor

•“DSC” means debt service coverage

•“EAFE” means European, Australasia, and Far East

•“EB” means Employee Benefits

•“EFS” means Equitable Financial Services, LLC, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Holdings

•“EPS” means earnings per share

•“EOP” means end of period

•“Equitable Advisors” means Equitable Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, our retail broker/dealer for our retirement and protection businesses and a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Holdings

•“Equitable America” means Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company of America (f/k/a MONY Life Insurance Company of America), an Arizona corporation and a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Holdings

•“Equitable Financial” means Equitable Financial Life Insurance Company, a New York corporation, a life insurance company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of EFS

•“Equitable Financial QP” means Equitable Financial sponsored Equitable Retirement Plan

•“EQ AZ Life Re” means EQ AZ Life Re Company, an Arizona corporation and a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Holdings.

•“ERISA” means Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

•“ESG” means environmental, social and governance

•“ETF” means exchange traded funds

•“ETR” means effective tax rate

•“Exchange Act” means Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

•“FABCP” means Funding Agreement-Backed Commercial Paper Program

•“FABN” means Funding Agreement Backed Notes Program

•“FHLB” means Federal Home Loan Bank

•“General Partner” means AllianceBernstein Corporation, a Delaware corporation and the general partner of AB Holding and ABLP

•“Holdings” means Equitable Holdings, Inc.

•“HTM” means held-to-maturity

•“ISDA Master Agreement” means International Swaps and Derivatives Association Master Agreement

•“LIBOR” means London Interbank Offered Rate

•“LTV” means loan to value

•“MRBs” means market risk benefits

•“MSO” means Market Stabilizer Option

•“NAIC” means National Association of Insurance Commissioners

•“NAR” means net amount at risk

•“NAV” means net asset value

•“NLG” means no-lapse guarantee

•“NYDFS” means New York State Department of Financial Services

•“OCI” means other comprehensive income

•“OTC” means over-the-counter

140

Table of Contents

•“PTEs” means prohibited transaction exemptions

•“P-Caps” means Pre-Capitalized Trust Securities

•“RGA” means Reinsurance Group of America

•“SCB LLC” means Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., LLC, a registered investment adviser and broker-dealer.

•“SCS” means Structured Capital Strategies

•“SEC” means U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

•“Series A Preferred Stock” means Holdings’ Series A Fixed Rate Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock

•“Series B Preferred Stock” means Holdings’ Series B Fixed Rate Reset Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock

•“Series C Preferred Stock” means Holdings’ Series C Fixed Rate Reset Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock

•“SIA” means sales inducement asset

•“SIO” means structured investment option

•“SPE” means special purpose entity

•“SVO” means Securities Valuation Office

•“TAR” means total asset requirement

•“TIPS” means treasury inflation-protected securities

•“U.S. GAAP” means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America

•“UL” means universal life

•“Venerable” means Venerable Holdings, Inc.

•“VIE” means variable interest entity

•“VOE” means voting interest entity

141

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Equitable Holdings, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


Date: May 1, 2025	EQUITABLE HOLDINGS, INC.

	By:	/s/ Robin M. Raju
		Name:	Robin M. Raju
		Title:	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Date: May 1, 2025	By:	/s/ William Eckert
		Name:	William Eckert
		Title:	Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

142