UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025

For the transition period from__________ to ___________

Commission file number 001-42687

XCF GLOBAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(346) 630-4724

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, was approximately $95,482,000 computed based upon a last sales price of $1.76 as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market as of June 30, 2025.

As of March 25, 2026, there were 275,448,688 shares of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS AND CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS

This report, along with other documents that are publicly disseminated by us, contains or might contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements included in this report and in any subsequent filings made by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) other than statements of historical fact, that address activities, events or developments that we or our management expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements. These statements represent our reasonable judgment on the future based on various factors and using numerous assumptions and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially. We claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements provided in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include: (i) statements regarding the company’s expectations with respect to future performance and anticipated financial impacts of the recently completed Business Combination, (ii) projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure and other financial items, (iii) statements of our plans and objectives, (iv) statements of expected future economic performance, and (v) assumptions underlying statements regarding us or our business. Forward-looking statements can be identified by, among other things, the use of forward-looking language, such as “believes,” “expects,” “estimates,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seeks,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates” “outlook,” “continues,” “approximately,” “predicts,” “estimates,” “projects,” or “scheduled to” or the negatives of those terms, or other variations of those terms or comparable language, or by discussions of strategy or other intentions. 

Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the statements. The forward-looking information is based on various factors and was derived using numerous assumptions. Important factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from the forward-looking statements include the following risks and other factors discussed under the Item 1A “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These factors include:

While forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s good faith beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. The Company disclaims any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, new information, data or methods, future events or other changes after the date of this proxy statement, except as required by applicable law. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which are based only on information currently available to the Company.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS.

This description contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain of the risks set forth herein. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained herein.

Overview

Unless otherwise stated herein or unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “XCF,” and the “Company” refer to XCF Global, Inc. (formerly known as Focus Impact BH3 NewCo, Inc.), a Delaware corporation, after giving effect to the Business Combination between Focus Impact BH3 Acquisition Company, a Delaware corporation (“Focus Impact”), Focus Impact BH3 NewCo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“NewCo”), Focus Impact BH3 Merger Sub 1, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of NewCo (“Merger Sub 1”), Focus Impact BH3 Merger Sub 2, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of NewCo (“Merger Sub 2”), and XCF Global Capital, Inc., a Nevada corporation (“Legacy XCF”), on June 6, 2025.

Legacy XCF was incorporated on January 20, 2023, for the purpose of making investments in renewable energy assets and production facilities. XCF has completed acquisitions in Nevada, Florida, and North Carolina as the foundation for the Company’s first production of sustainable aviation fuel (“SAF”), a synthetic kerosene derived from waste- and residue-based feedstocks such as waste oils and fats, green and municipal waste, and non-food crops and, currently, blended with conventional Jet-A fuel. XCF is committed to reducing the world’s carbon footprint by meeting the growing demand for renewable fuels and will concentrate on the production of clean-burning, sustainable biofuels, principally SAF. Though we are focused on promoting and accelerating the decarbonization of the aviation industry through SAF, we may, opportunistically, produce other renewable products such as renewable diesel, a renewable fuel, and bio-based glycerol, also known as natural glycerin, which is used in healthcare, food, and cosmetics industries. We believe there is a market opportunity in the aviation and renewable fuel sectors as a result of a combination of regulatory support, industry-led demand, and end-user commitment. The actual market environment may evolve differently from our expectations and is subject to a variety of external forces such as government regulation and technological development that may impact the market opportunity. XCF intends to build a nationwide portfolio of SAF and renewable fuels production facilities that use waste- and residue-based feedstocks at competitive production costs. We also intend to implement a fully integrated business model from feedstock supply and production to marketing and sales of SAF and renewable fuels. XCF is currently one of the few publicly traded renewable fuels companies primarily focused on SAF and renewable fuels in the United States, with the stated intention to be a majority SAF producer, distinguishing itself from peers that are predominantly legacy crude oil refiners.

Our intention is to scale and operate clean fuel production facilities engineered to the highest levels of compliance, reliability, and quality. Our initial operations include the New Rise Reno Renewables LLC (“New Rise Reno”) renewable fuel production facility. Legacy XCF completed acquisitions of New Rise SAF Renewables, LLC (“New Rise SAF”) and New Rise Renewables, LLC (“New Rise Renewables”) (collectively, New Rise SAF and New Rise Renewables are referred to as “New Rise”) on January 23, 2025 and February 19, 2025 respectively. Herein, we refer to the acquisitions of New Rise SAF and New Rise Renewables as the “New Rise Acquisitions”. Legacy XCF also owns dormant biodiesel plants in Fort Myers, FL and Wilson, NC that it is considering to further build-out and reconstruct into SAF, renewable fuels, and/or associated SAF-related infrastructure. The Company is continuing to evaluate the role of each of the Fort Myers, Florida and Wilson, North Carolina facilities within XCF’s broader SAF and renewable fuel value chain.

Blended with conventional Jet-A fuel, SAF is a “drop-in fuel” which means it can be used in existing aircraft and aviation infrastructure without the need for modification. Publications by a variety of industry organizations and experts, for example a thought leader piece with Air bp global aviation sustainability director posted on the BP p.l.c. (“BP”) website and publications from the IATA estimate that SAF can reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to conventional jet fuel; this estimated reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is based on factors that impact the ultimate reduction in greenhouse gas emissions for a given SAF product including the feedstock used, the production method employed, and the supply chain to the airport. In a recent study by the EPA on Atmospheric Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases, global atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and certain manufactured greenhouse gases have all risen significantly over the last few hundred years. Further, the EPA has noted that the combustion of fossil fuels such as gasoline and diesel to transport people and goods was the largest source of CO2 emissions in 2022, accounting for 35% of total U.S. CO2 emissions and 28% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.

XCF intends to generate revenue and contribute to clean energy in the transportation sector by selling renewable fuels, primarily SAF, produced at the Company’s SAF production facilities. XCF primarily intends to sell both “neat” or unblended SAF and blended SAF:

(1) BP “What is Sustainable Aviation Fuel?”

The Company may also opportunistically evaluate the production of other sustainable renewable fuels, including but not limited to renewable diesel and biodiesel.

The need for energy is a necessity and will not be eliminated in the near future. However, due to the cumulative harmful impacts of fossil fuels on our environment, how the world sources its energy is expected to evolve. The transportation sector, one of the largest contributors to GHG emissions according to the EPA, has recognized its role in climate change and has begun to seek alternative energy sources from renewable and sustainable fuels. Specifically, the aviation industry, which, according to the International Energy Agency (“IEA”), accounted for 2.5% of global energy-related CO2 emissions in 2023, is making progress to reduce emissions. Key milestones include:

As calls for sustainability growth and global demand for renewable energy accelerates, XCF believes it can capitalize upon the scale of this market opportunity and expand at a pace for the foreseeable future. The Company’s ability to capitalize on the market opportunity and implement its plan is dependent on its ability to raise capital necessary for capital investments and operate its facilities efficiently.

Air bp also indicates that pricing for SAF has been higher than conventional jet fuel primarily due to production costs and availability of sustainable feedstocks. Nevertheless, governments and airlines around the world are setting targets to use SAF, as a number of experts, including McKinsey & Company have expressed their belief that SAFs are the most viable near-term option for decreasing aviation-related emissions. The United States is leveraging a combination of loan and grant programs and tax incentives as state and federal governments have taken the lead in stimulating the demand for and adoption of SAF. These efforts have provided significant tailwinds for both SAF supply and demand thus driving a need for new plants and increased production. These incentives, however, may change or be revoked.

XCF Project Pipeline and Growth Plan

In the near term, XCF plans to operate and develop four projects for the production of SAF or associated SAF-related infrastructure. The Company intends to generate revenues from the sale of its SAF products to offtake partners, which include energy companies, fuel wholesalers and brokers, airlines, or fixed-based operators (“FBOs”). The existing facility in Reno, Nevada, which we refer to as New Rise Reno, was converted to SAF production in October 2024 and we currently expect to achieve commercial production of SAF at nameplate capacity as early as the second quarter of 2026. A second facility that we intend to build in Reno, Nevada, adjacent to New Rise Reno (“New Rise Reno 2”), is currently expected to come online in 2028. Our ability to bring future sites online on the intended timeline, if at all, is dependent on our ability to raise and deploy necessary funding capital and effectively manage the project buildout timeline, of which there can be no assurances. Total anticipated annual production output of neat SAF, assuming the projects develop as expected and on time, is expected to be 80 million gallons per year by the end of 2028. Realizing these output assumptions is dependent on various factors, including our ability to raise and deploy necessary funding capital and effectively manage the project buildout timeline and our ability to manage the feedstock supply chain and efficiently operate the facilities , of which there can be no assurances. We believe this rolling expansion strategy allows the Company to bring new supply to the market in parallel with the anticipated increase in demand for SAF in the second half of the decade yet also affords the Company the option to opportunistically pivot to other renewable products or related infrastructure facilities depending on environment and market conditions.

New Rise Reno (Reno, Nevada)

In 2023, Legacy XCF began analyzing acquisition targets within the renewable fuels space, which included New Rise Renewables and New Rise Renewables SAF. New Rise Renewables owns and operates the New Rise Reno production facility, which sits on 10 acres of land in the Tahoe Reno Industrial Center (TRI) in Reno, NV; this site is not considered a Tier 1 Renewable Chemical Investment Tax Credit (ITC) area. The facility has rail access and is adjacent to I-80, a major interstate highway. At that time, New Rise Renewables was in the process of bringing its New Rise Reno facility online as a renewable diesel production facility. New Rise Renewables SAF is the adjacent plot next to the current New Rise Reno facility that is expected to be constructed into a SAF facility. Because New Rise Renewables, LLC had a Supply and Offtake Agreement (the “P66 Agreement”) with Phillips 66, the New Rise Reno plant was nearing completion and commencing operations, and the adjacent plot was primed for development, Legacy XCF began negotiations to purchase the outstanding membership interests of New Rise Renewables, LLC.

On December 8, 2023, Legacy XCF entered into the New Rise Renewables Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the “New Rise Renewables MIPA”) with RESC Renewables Holdings, LLC (“RESC Renewables”) for an aggregate purchase price of $1.1 billion, less acquired liabilities of approximately $112.5 million, to acquire all of the issued and outstanding membership interests in New Rise Renewables. In October 2024, we filed a premerger notification with the FTC to comply with the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended. On November 15, 2024, the thirty-day waiting period expired.

On February 19, 2025, Legacy XCF completed the acquisition of New Rise Renewables subject to additional post-closing conditions. On February 19, 2025, the aggregate purchase price of $1.1 billion was reduced by $118,700,000, which represented principal and interest on New Rise Renewable’s outstanding debt obligations to a financial institution and two notes payable to Legacy XCF. As a result, RESC Renewables was issued 88,126,200 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for its membership units. In connection with a consulting agreement between RESC Renewables and GL Part SPV I, LLC (“GL”), GL was entitled to receive 4,406,310 shares of the Legacy XCF common stock issued to RESC Renewables. In addition, pursuant to the New Rise Renewables MIPA, Legacy XCF issued a convertible promissory note to RESC Renewables in principal amount of $100,000,000. The entire principal amount of the promissory note was held by RESC Renewables prior to the merger with Focus Impact BH3 Acquisition Corp.

On May 30, 2025, the aggregate purchase price was updated to reflect actual New Rise liabilities of $126,700,000 compared to $118,700,000 in connection with the initial closing on February 19, 2025. As a result, the total shares issued in connection with the acquisition were adjusted to be 87,331,951 of Legacy XCF common stock, of which RESC Renewables received 82,965,533 and GL received 4,366,598 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

At the closing of the Business Combination the 82,965,533 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to RESC Renewables and the 4,366,598 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF Class A common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 82,965,533 Legacy XCF shares converted into 56,936,990 shares of XCF Class A common stock and the 3,693,830 shares converted into 2,996,678 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

The New Rise Reno production facility functions as XCF’s flagship SAF production facility. The facility employs a two-stage process including pretreatment and hydrotreatment. Through the use of a pretreatment process, it is expected that New Rise Reno will be able to use a variety of waste- and residue-based feedstocks to produce SAF and other renewable fuels such as renewable diesel. The conversion of New Rise Reno to SAF production was managed by Encore DEC, LLC (“Encore”), one of the engineering, procurement, and construction (“EPC”) companies that was subcontracted to build New Rise Reno and which is 100% owned by Randy Soule. Mr. Soule is currently XCF’s second largest shareholder. Because the required facility infrastructure is similar for both renewable diesel and SAF production, pretreatment, electrical, water, railcar and other infrastructure were already in place from the original construction of the facility. As a result, the New Rise Reno facility was efficiently converted into a SAF production facility without bearing greenfield construction costs. RESC Renewables Holdings, LLC, the sole member of New Rise Renewables provided necessary capital to New Rise Reno to convert the facility to SAF and incurred approximately $17 million in construction costs related to the conversion. The facility underwent testing and produced 20,000 gallons of neat SAF in November 2024.

In February 2025, New Rise Reno began its ramp-up process. The ramp-up process, a critical phase for all new fuel facilities, is the period after commissioning when a new fuel facility works to optimize its production gradually from initial test runs to full, nameplate capacity. During the initial production runs, the facility produced neat SAF at approximately 50% production capacity. Until SAF production is at nameplate capacity, New Rise Reno is not deemed to be an operating facility and classifies as under construction until final project acceptance under New Rise’s license agreement with Axens North America under the original intention of the SAF conversion, such as meeting ASTM 7566 specifications for synthetic blending component standards to be blended with conventional jet fuel. Such final project acceptance has not yet been completed.

While ramp-up processes are being undertaken and until final plant acceptance, management has made the determination to temporarily produce and sell renewable diesel, a byproduct of SAF production, which can be achieved at approximately 2,000 barrels per day, which is approximately 20% below nameplate capacity, and without any additional modifications to the facility. In May 2025, New Rise Reno began selling renewable diesel under its Supply and Offtake Agreement with Phillips 66 (the “P66 Agreement”).

We currently expect to meet SAF production at nameplate capacity as early as the second quarter of 2026, although we cannot assure you when SAF production will resume, and when it does resume, when or whether the New Rise Reno production facility will be able to produce SAF at full capacity. Any delay beyond the second quarter of 2026 in our ability to resume SAF production and/or any delay in our ability to operate the New Rise Reno production facility at full nameplate capacity for SAF production will adversely affect our revenues and profitability. From April through the end of December 2025, New Rise Reno produced, in aggregate, approximately 5.8 million gallons of neat SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha.

Since the initial production of renewable diesel, our New Rise Reno production facility has experienced repeated maintenance-related downtime that has required additional maintenance capital expenditures and other unanticipated operating expenses. These disruptions have limited our ability to operate at expected levels and delayed our efforts to achieve full production capacity. Although management has taken steps to address these issues, there can be no assurance as to when or whether the Reno facility will consistently operate at or near 100% production capacity for renewable diesel. Continued downtime, additional maintenance requirements, or the inability to achieve stable full-capacity operations could materially and adversely affect our revenues, profitability, and liquidity.

The New Rise Reno facility has rail access which serves as an entry and exit point for receiving feedstock directly at the plant and delivering SAF to off-takers. Once feedstock arrives by rail at the on-site spur, it is transported directly from rail cars into storage tanks at the facility’s tank farm. New Rise Reno has the ability to store up to 1.5 million gallons of feedstock at its on-site tank farm with additional storage available on the rail spur.

On May 23, 2017, New Rise Reno entered into the P66 Agreement, a supply and offtake agreement with Phillips 66 whereby Phillips 66 would sell to New Rise Reno 100% of the feedstocks required for the production of renewable diesel at the New Rise Reno facility and purchase from New Rise Reno 100% of the renewable diesel produced at the facility. Under terms of the agreement, feedstock is supplied to New Rise Reno at spot pricing plus transportation, terminal, and logistics expenses plus a per gallon fee. For the sale of renewable diesel, Phillips 66 purchases 100% of the renewable diesel at a price per gallon based on current index prices for renewable diesel and other tax-based credits.

In May 2024, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 entered into an addendum to the P66 Agreement, with an initial term of five years from the commencement date of September 1,2024, that extends the supply and offtake agreement to include feedstocks for renewable products and the sale of renewable products produced by New Rise Reno, including SAF, to Phillips 66. Under the amended terms of the agreement, the terms of the feedstock price remain unchanged to the original agreement and P66 will charge New Rise Reno for transportation and logistics costs, and terminal, storage, blending and distribution fees to bring the renewable products to market. At the end of the initial five-year term, the agreement shall automatically renew for two successive additional periods of five years, unless otherwise terminated according to the terms, bringing the total duration of the agreement to a potential term of 15 years. At present, this is the only supply and offtake agreement for XCF’s current or planned production facilities. Other than the P66 Agreement, XCF and New Rise Reno do not have other feedstock supply or SAF off-take agreements in place.

October 1, 2025, New Rise Reno entered into an additional amendment to the P66 Agreement. The amendment modifies certain operational provisions of the Agreement, including clarifying that Phillips 66 retains title to feedstock while such feedstock is stored at the New Rise facility and that title transfers to New Rise only when the feedstock exits storage tanks and enters process units for conversion. The amendment also specifies New Rise’s obligations to maintain flow-metering equipment, provide daily inventory reports to Phillips 66, and conduct monthly reconciliations of volumes, and grants Phillips 66 a continuing right, exercisable upon written notice, to require reloading of feedstock from storage tanks into railcars. New Rise must, at its expense, maintain equipment and procedures to perform the reverse-flow operation described in the Amendment and permit Phillips 66 reasonable access to inspect related equipment and operations.

New Rise Reno 2 (Reno, Nevada)

On December 8, 2023, Legacy XCF also entered into the New Rise SAF Renewables MIPA, (the New Rise SAF Renewables MIPA and the New Rise Renewables MIPA are referred to herein as the “MIPAs”) to acquire all of the issued and outstanding membership interests in New Rise SAF Renewables Limited Liability Company from Randy Soule and GL Part SPV I, LLC for an aggregate purchase price of $200.0 million. In October 2024, we filed a premerger notification with the FTC to comply with the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended. On November 15, 2024, the thirty-day waiting period expired. Our acquisition of New Rise SAF was completed on January 23, 2025. At closing, the aggregate purchase price of $200 million was reduced by $12.7 million, which represented Legacy XCF’s five times liquidation preference for its preferred membership units. As a result, Randy Soule was issued 15,036,170 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for his membership units, and GL was issued 3,693,830 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for its membership units and after consideration of its five times liquidation preference. Total consideration at closing was approximately $187.3 million or 18,730,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 15,036,170 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Randy Soule and the 3,693,830 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF Class A common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 15,036,170 Legacy XCF shares converted into 10,318,915 shares of XCF Class A common stock and the 3,693,830 shares converted into 2,534,975 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

This acquisition resulted in Legacy XCF owning a 10-acre plot adjacent to the New Rise Reno production facility. XCF intends to leverage the pretreatment, electrical, water, rail spur, and other infrastructure at the existing New Rise Reno facility to build an additional SAF facility at New Rise Reno 2. As an adjacent site, we expect New Rise Reno 2 will be able to share in the existing utilities and transportation infrastructure already built. Since the lines, pipes, rail track, and other related infrastructure have already been constructed, we expect New Rise Reno 2 will be able to link into existing infrastructure rather than complete a full ground-up build. As we intend to utilize the same pre-treatment and hydrotreatment technology at New Rise Reno 2 that is currently in place at New Rise Reno, New Rise Reno 2 will utilize the same feedstocks as New Rise Reno. New Rise Reno 2 is anticipated to have estimated construction costs of $300 million and will take approximately 28 months to complete from the date construction begins. We anticipate beginning engineering work in 2026 with SAF production to begin in 2028, all dependent on our ability to raise and deploy necessary funding capital and effectively manage the project buildout timeline, of which there can be no assurances. XCF expects that New Rise Reno 2 could produce an additional 40 million gallons of neat SAF annually.

XCF will search for experienced EPC subcontractors to manage the construction of New Rise Reno 2. We may elect to use a service provider to provide operating and maintenance services for the New Rise Reno 2 SAF facility to provide critical operating and maintenance services to operate New Rise Reno 2. XCF intends to attempt to extend its existing supply and offtake agreement with Phillips 66 to the New Rise Reno 2 facility. The Company, however, may also pursue long-term offtake agreements with similar offtake partners, airlines, or FBOs and may also opportunistically pursue alternative feedstock suppliers. Currently, XCF does not have supply and offtake agreements for the New Rise Reno 2 production facility.

Fort Myers (Fort Myers, Florida) and Wilson (Wilson, North Carolina)

On October 31, 2023, Legacy XCF entered into an asset purchase agreement with Good Steward Biofuels, LLC to acquire a biodiesel plant in Fort Myers, Florida, which we refer to as Fort Myers. Consideration for the purchase was paid at closing by our issuance of 9,800,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. The aggregate purchase price was $100.0 million, less $2.0 million in notes payable and loans assumed by Legacy XCF, using a stock price conversion factor of $10.00 per share.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 9,800,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Good Steward were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 9,800,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 6,725,474 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On October 31, 2023, Legacy XCF also entered into an asset purchase agreement with Southeast Renewables, LLC to acquire a biodiesel plant in Wilson, North Carolina, which we refer to as Wilson, for an aggregate purchase price of $100.0 million. Consideration for the purchase was paid at closing by our delivery of a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $23.0 million and issuance of 7,700,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. On December 29, 2023, Legacy XCF and Southeast Renewables, LLC entered into a note purchase agreement to convert the $23.0 million in principal outstanding and $297,425 in accrued interest at a conversion factor of $10.00 per share into 2,329,743 common stock shares.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 7,700,000 shares and 2,329,743 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Southeast Renewables were automatically converted into shares of XCF Class A common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 7,700,000 and 2,329,743 Legacy XCF shares converted into 5,284,301 and 1,598,839 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

Both Fort Myers and Wilson are dormant biodiesel facilities, potentially strategically positioned to service the South Atlantic, East South Central, and Middle Atlantic markets.

We are considering whether to further build-out and reconstruct the Fort Myers and Wilson sites into SAF, renewable fuels, and/or associated SAF-related infrastructure though environmental, market conditions, and other factors may ultimately indicate an alternative use is more advantageous. If both Fort Myers and Wilson are reconstructed to produce SAF, it is expected to take approximately 36 months to complete from the date construction commences with anticipated construction costs of approximately $350 million per site. The Company is preparing to commission a suitability analysis for each site to determine the optimal use case for each site, ensuring the highest possible accretion to revenue and net profit.

Supply and Offtake Agreements

On May 23, 2017, New Rise Reno entered into the P66 Agreement whereby Phillips 66 would sell to New Rise Reno 100% of the feedstocks required for the production of renewable diesel at the New Rise Reno facility and purchase from New Rise Reno 100% of the renewable diesel produced at the facility. Under terms of the agreement, feedstock is supplied to New Rise Reno at spot pricing plus transportation, terminal, and logistics expenses plus a per gallon fee. For the sale of renewable diesel, Phillips 66 purchases 100% of the renewable diesel at a price per gallon based on current index prices for renewable diesel and other tax-based credits.

In May 2024, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 entered into an addendum to the P66 Agreement, with an initial term of five years from the commencement date of September 1,2024, that extends the supply and offtake agreement to include feedstocks for renewable products and the sale of renewable products produced by New Rise Reno to Phillips 66. Under the amended terms of the agreement, the terms of the feedstock price remain unchanged to the original agreement and P66 will charge New Rise Reno for transportation and logistics costs, and terminal, storage, blending and distribution fees to bring the renewable products to market. At the end of the initial five-year term, unless otherwise terminated according to the terms, the agreement shall automatically renew for two successive additional periods of five years, bringing the total duration of the agreement to a potential term of 15 years. At present, this is the only supply and offtake agreement for XCF’s current or planned production facilities. Other than the P66 Agreement, XCF and New Rise Reno do not have other feedstock supply or SAF off-take agreements in place.

In addition, the addendum to the P66 Agreement permits New Rise Reno to continue to engage in sales and business development activities. For sales to a third-party that result in a premium to the price provided in the P66 Agreement, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 will share in the price premium 77% and 23% respectively. Phillips 66 will remain responsible for blending and logistics services for sales to a third-party as well. Management is currently engaged in discussions with and has submitted proposals to multiple partners regarding SAF offtake.

In October 2025, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 entered into an addendum to the P66 Agreement. The amendment enhances operational clarity and improves XCF’s working capital efficiency by modifying key feedstock handling and title-transfer provisions. By aligning title transfer with the production process, the amendment shortens XCF’s working capital cycle by approximately 10 days, thereby strengthening the company’s liquidity position. The amendment modifies certain operational provisions of the P66 Agreement, including clarifying that Phillips 66 retains title to feedstock while such feedstock is stored at the New Rise facility and that title transfers to New Rise Reno only when the feedstock exits storage tanks and enters process units for conversion. The amendment also specifies New Rise Reno’s obligations to maintain flow-metering equipment, provide daily inventory reports to Phillips 66, and conduct monthly reconciliations of volumes, and grants Phillips 66 a continuing right, exercisable upon written notice, to require reloading of feedstock from storage tanks into railcars.

The amendment also establishes enhanced operational and reporting procedures. New Rise Reno will maintain flow-metering equipment and provide daily inventory reports and monthly reconciliations to Phillips 66, ensuring continuous visibility into feedstock management. Except as expressly amended, all other terms and conditions of the original P66 Agreement remain unchanged and in full force and effect.

Future Expansion

XCF intends to leverage the selected technology stack and site design, configuration, and layout of its New Rise Reno production facility as a model for future sites.

We believe this site design requires less area to build a production facility and can be efficiently replicated as modular design allows for rapid expansion. The New Rise Reno site has four modules - feedstock receiving, pretreatment, hydrotreatment, and finished goods (neat SAF) offtake. The feedstock receiving and finished goods offtake modules have direct access to both rail and truck ports. This design increases operational efficiency because it facilitates direct unloading of feedstock for production and direct loading of SAF onto customers’ trucks or rail tanks. By directly unloading feedstock and finished goods rather than storing them for extended periods, the facility requires a smaller sized tank farm, thereby reducing the size of the facility and increasing the speed of construction. However, while we intend to have the New Rise Reno serve as the model, future sites will be designed on a case-by-case basis as facility designs will consider geographic opportunities and limitations; other operations related considerations will be addressed during feasibility studies and final investment decision (“FID”) analysis.

XCF will consider both greenfield developments and facility conversion projects. The Company intends to prioritize future development in locales with favorable regulatory policies, in Tier 1 Renewable Chemical ITC areas in Trade Association for Commercial Property Assessed Clean Energy (C-PACE) approved states. XCF intends to regularly review its site selection criteria in concert with the evolving market dynamics, the unique and specific needs of each potential project, and frequent changes in local, state, and/or federal policies.

International Expansion

XCF intends to grow its international expansion strategy focused on accelerating the deployment of sustainable aviation fuel through capital-efficient partnerships. On October 9, 2025, XCF entered into a binding term sheet with New Rise Australia Pty. Ltd. We believe this approach leverages the Company’s proprietary facility design and process configurations, enabling regional partners to develop and operate renewable fuel projects while XCF retains ownership of its intellectual property. The model is structured with the goal of aligning long-term interests through equity participation, licensing-based revenue streams, and selective governance involvement. This framework is intended to support scalable growth in priority markets while maintaining a disciplined, asset-light approach to global expansion.

Business Combination

On March 11, 2024, Focus Impact, NewCo, Merger Sub 1, Merger Sub 2, and Legacy XCF entered into the Business Combination Agreement, pursuant to which Focus Impact agreed to combine with Legacy XCF in a series of transactions that would result in NewCo becoming a publicly traded company (collectively, the “Business Combination”). On June 6, 2025 (the “Closing Date”), the parties to the Business Combination Agreement completed the Business Combination. In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, NewCo changed its name to “XCF Global, Inc.” The terms of the Business Combination Agreement provided that the Business Combination would be completed on the Closing Date in two steps, with (i) Focus Impact merging with and into Merger Sub 1 (the “NewCo Merger”), with Merger Sub 1 surviving the NewCo Merger as a direct wholly owned subsidiary of NewCo and (ii) immediately following the NewCo Merger, Merger Sub 2 merging with and into XCF (the “Company Merger”), with XCF surviving the Company Merger as a direct wholly owned subsidiary of NewCo. Pursuant to the terms of the Business Combination Agreement: in connection with the completion of the NewCo Merger (i) each share of Focus Impact Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share outstanding immediately prior to the effectiveness of the NewCo Merger was converted into the right to receive one share of XCF Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“XCF Common Stock”) (rounded down to the nearest whole share), (ii) each share of Focus Impact Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share outstanding immediately prior to the effectiveness of the NewCo Merger was converted into the right to receive one share of XCF Common Stock and (iii) each warrant of Focus Impact outstanding immediately prior to the effectiveness of the NewCo Merger was converted into the right to receive one XCF Warrant, with XCF assuming Focus Impact’s rights and obligations under the existing warrant agreement; and in connection with the completion of the Company Merger, each share of common stock of XCF outstanding immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Company Merger was converted into the right to receive shares of XCF Common Stock (rounded down to the nearest whole share) determined in accordance with the Business Combination Agreement based on a pre-money equity value of XCF of $1,750,000,000, subject to adjustments for net debt and transaction expenses, and a price of $10.00 per share of XCF Common Stock.

At the closing of the Business Combination, NewCo issued an aggregate of 142,120,364 shares of XCF Common Stock to equity holders of XCF in exchange for their equity interests in XCF. Subsequent to the Closing, XCF Global, Inc. issued an additional 10,268 shares to account for final closing balances bringing to the total issued aggregate shares in connection with the closing of the Business Combination to be 142,130,632 shares of XCF Common Stock. In addition, pursuant to certain non-redemption agreements between Focus Impact and certain Focus Impact stockholders (the “Non-Redeeming Stockholders”), the Non-Redeeming Stockholders received 622,109 shares of XCF Common Stock at the closing of the Business Combination. An aggregate of 1,200,000 shares of XCF Common Stock were also issued at the closing of the Business Combination to Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund, pursuant to the terms of a subscription agreement, dated as of November 3, 2025 between Focus Impact and Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund.

As of the closing of the Business Combination and after giving effect to the NewCo Merger and Company Merger, XCF had approximately 149.3 million shares of XCF Common Stock outstanding. On a fully diluted basis, calculated using the treasury stock method and assuming the net exercise of all warrants that are in-the-money based on the closing price of Focus Impact on June 6, 2025, the fully diluted share count was approximately 157.8 million shares. The fully diluted share count does not include any out-of-the-money warrants. This share count is provided solely for the purpose of estimating market capitalization and may differ from accounting treatment under GAAP or from other financial metrics used in our public filings.

Proposed Transaction with Southern, DEVS and EEME

On January 26, 2026, XCF, entered into a binding term sheet (the “Term Sheet”) with Southern Energy Renewables, Inc., a Louisiana corporation (“Southern”), DevvStream Corp., an Alberta corporation (“DEVS”), and EEME Energy SPV I LLC (“EEME”), which sets forth the principal terms and conditions of a proposed business combination and related financing transactions (collectively, the “Proposed Transaction”). Pursuant to the Term Sheet, and subject to the finalization of mutually agreeable merger structure and definitive transaction documents and ultimately the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, it is expected that Southern and DEVS will each merge with wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF, with Southern and DEVS surviving, and their respective stockholders receiving shares of Common Stock of XCF, resulting in Southern and DEVS becoming wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF.

In connection with and to support the Proposed Transaction and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Term Sheet, XCF agreed to invest $10 million to convert and build out its New Rise Reno facility for SAF blending and related corporate purposes (the “Plant Conversion”), to be funded through the sale by XCF to EEME of $10 million of Common Stock; provided that in no event shall XCF issue to EEME, nor shall EEME (i) acquire more than 41,639,170 shares of XCF’s common stock pursuant to this Term Sheet or (ii) acquire or to otherwise become, directly or indirectly, a “beneficial owner” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of 19.99% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date hereof until such time as XCF has obtain stockholder approval for such issuance (the “Share Cap”), which XCF obtained on March 6, 2026. Subsequent to the execution of the Term Sheet, EEME has purchased 69,000,000 shares of Common Stock for $6,900,000. The issuance and sale to EEME of the remaining 31,000,000 shares of Common Stock is expected to be consummated periodically during the period ending during the week of March 31, 2026, but there can be no assurances in this regard. EEME is expected to have customary demand and piggy-back registration rights and will not be subject to any lock-up or other transfer restrictions (other than as imposed by applicable securities laws or underwriters.) EEME’s obligation to acquire such shares is independent of the remainder of the proposed Transaction contemplated by the Term Sheet. The offer and sale of the shares of XCF common stock to EEME, will be made in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act, or upon such other exemption or exclusion from the registration requirements of the Securities Act as may be available with respect to any or all of the transactions with the EEME to be made under the Term Sheet.

On March 6, 2026, XCF held a Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Special Meeting”). At the Special Meeting, the Shareholders approved the potential issuance of 19.99% or more of XCF’s issued and outstanding Common Stock as of January 26, 2026 to a single investor, thus removing the Share Cap.

The Term Sheet provides that the Board of Directors of XCF (the “Board”) post-closing will be comprised of four members designated by XCF (including XCF’s Chief Executive Officer, Chris Cooper, as chair), two members designated by Southern, and one member designated by DEVS.

The Term Sheet includes customary provisions regarding definitive agreements, including that the business combination agreement and related agreements will contain customary representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities, limitations on indemnity, termination provisions, and other terms typical for transactions of this nature.

The Term Sheet further provides for certain interim covenants and restrictions, including, but not limited to, that (so long as EEME continues funding under the schedule) XCF will not issue securities under its equity line of credit without EEME’s approval, neither XCF nor DEVS will effect any reverse split without EEME’s prior written consent, and neither XCF, Southern, nor DEVS (or their affiliates) will sell shares to brokers for naked short coverage.

The Term Sheet is governed by Delaware law, contains customary confidentiality provisions, and will remain in effect until the earliest of: 180 days after its date, execution of definitive agreements, mutual written termination, termination by XCF for failure by EEME to timely fund per the schedule, termination by any party based on unsatisfactory due diligence, or termination by any party to fulfill fiduciary duties in respect of a superior offer.

There can be no assurance that any of the foregoing conditions will be satisfied or waived, that the definitive agreements necessary to consummate the Proposed Transaction will be entered into, or that the Proposed Transaction will be consummated on the terms described herein or at all. The closing the Proposed Transaction, including the satisfaction of the closing conditions, are subject to numerous factors, many of which are outside the control of XCF, including market conditions, regulatory approvals, the actions of third parties, the ability of the parties to negotiate and execute definitive agreements, and the achievement of specified operational and financial milestones, including certain conditions that depend on the business performance and operating results of XCF. Although the Term Sheet provides that certain provisions are binding on the parties, it does not obligate the parties to consummate the Proposed Transaction, and the Term Sheet reflects preliminary, non-final terms that remain subject to further negotiation, modification, and approval by the applicable boards of directors and special committees and may be terminated in accordance with its terms, including in circumstances involving an alleged breach. Any such termination, or a failure by the parties to agree on definitive documentation, could result in disputes or litigation relating to the interpretation, enforceability, or performance of the binding provisions of the Term Sheet, which could be costly, time-consuming, divert management attention, and adversely affect the financial condition or liquidity of one or more of the parties, including their ability to pursue or defend such claims. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on the consummation of the Proposed Transaction or on the achievement of any related milestones or financial thresholds. Moreover, even if the Proposed Transaction is consummated, the parties may never achieve the purpose of the Proposed Transaction and the market value the parties are aiming to achieve may never materialize. See “Risk Factors”.

Competitive Strengths and Advantages: XCF’s Full Suite of Capabilities

In addition to New Rise Reno, XCF has several projects in the pipeline and intends to capitalize on an early mover advantage and strong regulatory and market tailwinds for sustainable fuels to become a leading producer of SAF in the United States. XCF believes it has the opportunity to leverage repeatable site design, proven technologies, flexible and versatile feedstock requirements, and a variety of financing sources to build a strong foundation for realizing its planned growth model.

Early Mover Advantage

XCF is currently one of the few publicly traded renewable fuels companies primarily focused on SAF in the United States, with the stated intention to be a majority SAF producer, distinguishing itself from peers that are predominantly legacy crude oil refiners. The Company holds a strategic early-mover advantage with commercial production of SAF currently expected to begin as early as the second quarter of 2026, and a production facility design that can be replicated.

The current competitive landscape for SAF production facilities in North America is illustrated in the graphic below, which shows SAF production facilities that are currently operational (producing SAF), that are currently under construction, and that are proposed or under development (pre-construction).

Source: Argus SAF Capacity Map, June 2025

Reliable, Proven Technologies

XCF uses a two-stage production process, using pretreated feedstock with the established hydrotreated and isomerization of esters and fatty acids (HEFA) pathway. The HEFA pathway is a process for refining vegetable oils, waste oils, or fats into SAF through hydroprocessing and isomerization, which removes sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metals from the feedstock.

Pretreatment is a key stage of the production process in that it allows facilities to react to changes in feedstock market conditions and de-risk the supply chain even in times of high volatility. Additionally, pretreated feedstocks support a longer catalyst life which results in less frequent shutdowns for catalyst changeout. A pretreatment stage is already in place at New Rise Reno. XCF intends to employ a pretreatment stage at each facility or, depending on realized expansion plans, develop a regional pretreatment hub for its feedstock.

There are multiple technology pathways to produce SAF approved by ASTM International (“ASTM”), a global organization that develops and provides standards for various industries and applications. ASTM is an international standards organization that produces standards for SAF, among other things. XCF uses the HEFA pathway, due to the lower capital costs, reliability, and the availability of feedstocks which are close in energy density to fossil fuels. HEFA, approved in June 2011, is a proven technology currently in use at multiple advanced biofuel refineries worldwide to produce SAF and renewable diesel. While SAF has multiple ASTM-approved pathways, HEFA-based SAF is the only product that is commercially available today.

XCF processes a variety of waste- and residue-based feedstocks into renewable fuels. These feedstocks, which are not suitable for direct human consumption, include waste oils, agricultural residues, animal fats, and co-products from industrial agriculture. These feedstocks are hydroprocessed under the HEFA pathway to break apart the long chain of fatty acids and subsequently hydro-isomerized and hydrocracked. In this process, feedstock undergoes a hydrodeoxygenation process in which the removal of the oxygen atom from the reactant occurs in the presence of hydrogen. Then, the hydrocarbons are cracked and isomerized, a refining process that alters the fundamental arrangement of atoms in the molecule without adding or removing anything from the original material, to jet fuel chain length. The HEFA process is similar to that used for hydrotreated renewable diesel production, only with a more intense cracking of the longer chain carbon molecules. Airlines currently use SAF that is blended with fossil jet fuel. SAF that has not been blended with another fuel is referred to as “neat SAF” which represents the end product produced by our production facilities. Currently, there are no specific mandates as to the ratio of blended SAF that must be used by the aviation industry. XCF’s ability to sell blended SAF results in less neat SAF being sold on a per gallon basis leading to the ability to earn additional revenues on a per gallon basis. XCF has had discussions with potential offtake partners to provide Jet-A/SAF blends of 90/10 and 80/20. In 2011, ASTM put forth ASTM D7566 SAF (HEFA) that regulates blended SAF ratios at a maximum ratio of 50/50.

Hydrogenation is a key part of the SAF production process whereby a chemical reaction is created between molecular hydrogen and another element or compound. The proprietary hydrogenation technology we use is licensed by New Rise Reno from Axens North America, a wholly-owned subsidiary of IFPEN and one of the industry leaders in process and catalyst development with more than 3,000 industrial units under license. New Rise Reno and Axens entered into a perpetual license agreement on Axens technology enables versatile hydrotreatment, boosts yields, and facilitates longer catalyst life. In addition to the technology license, a guarantee agreement has also been executed. Axens’ technology is in place at New Rise Reno and XCF intends to obtain similar licenses from Axens to utilize Axens’ technology at future sites.

On December 9, 2020 New Rise Reno and Axens North America Inc. entered into a license agreement whereby New Rise Reno received the non-exclusive right to utilize Axens’ liquid full hydrotreating technology and related process thereto, in exchange for a one-time license fee of $1,050,000, consisting of: i) a project closing fee of $200,000, ii) a fee of $200,000 on project acceptance, which is not to exceed four years after the effective date of the agreement, iii) $350,000 after one-year of operation following the acceptance date, iv) $200,000 after two years of operation following the acceptance date, and v) 100,000 after three years of operation following the acceptance date. Under terms of the agreement, project acceptance is defined as the date that Axens has completed its performance tests, which includes inspection of the Axens unit to check conformity with the process design and reactor inspection. In addition, acceptance will be confirmed with an acceptance certificate issued between New Rise and Axens. To date, a total of $200,000 has been paid as part of the license agreement and acceptance criteria has not yet been met. The license agreement does not require royalties paid to Axens North America, Inc. The related license to use the Axens technology and process is effective so long as New Rise Reno continues to utilize the Axens process and the related hydrotreating equipment. The license agreement is non-transferrable except that it may be assigned to an affiliate or successor of the assigning party or upon written consent of the parties. Axens has the right to terminate the license agreement in the event of New Rise’s uncured breaches of the agreement, including failures to make payment, use of Axens’ intellectual property outside of the scope of the license and breaches of confidentiality obligations.

Production Process

Versatile Feedstock Base

Like New Rise Reno, XCF intends that future production facilities will also have feedstock pretreatment equipment. This attribute affords XCF the flexibility to utilize and/or shift to a variety of different low carbon intensity feedstocks due to the pretreatment technology and Axens hydrotreater technology in use at New Rise Reno and intended to be deployed at future sites.

The P66 Agreement includes the supply of feedstock and allows the Company to procure feedstock at spot-plus pricing. Currently, this agreement covers 100% of feedstock requirements for New Rise Reno and is the only supply agreement for feedstocks that XCF currently has in place. As we do not presently have other feedstock supply agreements in place, 100% of the current feedstock needs would be supplied by Phillips 66.

Commonly used feedstock sources for production of renewable fuels from triglycerides, an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids which are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates, as well as vegetable fat, have been distillers corn oil (“DCO”), refined, bleached and deodorized soybean oil (“RBD SBO”), canola oil, and waste oils such as used cooking oil, yellow grease, and animal tallow (from meat processing). XCF processes a variety of waste- and residue-based feedstocks into renewable fuels. These feedstocks, which are not suitable for direct human consumption, include waste oils, agricultural residues, animal fats, and co-products from industrial agriculture. XCF has used DCO, a byproduct of U.S. ethanol production, to produce SAF and uses crude degummed soybean oil, a co-product of the U.S. oilseed supply chain, to produce renewable diesel. The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program and Low Carbon Fuel Standard are major drivers for the demand for production of renewable fuels in the U.S. market which in turn leads to demand for feedstock resources. A summary of these feedstocks according to a July 2023 publication by Burns McDonnell titled, “Renewable Diesel Feedstocks: Considering Plant-and Animal-Based Options,” follows:

As part of its long-term strategy, XCF intends to build an integrated business model that includes feedstock supply and delivery to its plants; XCF has identified strategic partnerships to facilitate this objective. Through vertical integration, XCF believes that it can position itself to secure a reliable source of sustainable non-food feedstock volumes at competitive pricing. By working with strategic partnerships, XCF expects to have the ability to purchase non-food feedstock crops, farm-direct and partner with underutilized crush facilities and/or expand collection networks for used cooking oil and other waste and by-product oils. These initiatives are intended to both reduce the overall feedstock cost to XCF’s production facilities and ensure reliable supply as competition for feedstocks increases in the coming years.

Financing

Government sponsored loans, grants, and other programs are part of a regulatory environment that supports the development of SAF facilities and continued adoption of SAF by the aviation industry. Management has identified various government-sponsored programs which may provide lower-cost financing and tax credits for some XCF facilities. Management is also actively engaged in discussions with multiple potential investors regarding capital needed for the conversion of existing production facilities to SAF production and construction and conversions of additional productions facilities. We intend to identify and apply for multiple financing options for these facilities, which includes grants, loans and other financing arrangements as opportunities materialize in the near future.

Greater Nevada Credit Union Loan

New Rise Reno operates our existing production facility in Reno, Nevada. New Rise Reno has four notes payable outstanding, in aggregate principal amount of $112,580,000, to Greater Nevada Credit Union (“GNCU”), as the successor to Jefferson Financial Federal Credit Union (the “GNCU Loan”). The GNCU Loan was underwritten by certain guarantees issued by the United States Department of Agriculture (the “USDA”) under the Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical and Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program, which guaranteed 100% of the principal amount of the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan (the “USDA Guaranty”). Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the USDA Guaranty, the GNCU Loan is secured by a priority first lien on all assets of the project, except for inventory and accounts receivable, which may be used by New Rise Reno for routine business purposes so long as New Rise Reno is not in default of the GNCU Loan. The USDA must approve, inter alia, the accounts agreement, any issuance of additional debt by New Rise Reno, the transfer or sale of New Rise Reno assets or collateral, lien priorities, the substitution, release or foreclosure on the collateral, and GNCU’s exercise of any rights it has relating to the GNCU Loan, including those rights provided in the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan and the other transaction documents relating to the GNCU Loan. In addition, New Rise Renewables is a guarantor of the GNCU Loan.

On March 28, 2025, counsel for GNCU and Greater Nevada Commercial Lending, LLC (the servicer for the GNCU Loan) provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that an event of default has occurred with respect to the GNCU Loan as a result of New Rise Reno’s failure to make required minimum monthly payments. The letter also demands that New Rise Reno and New Rise take immediate steps to bring the GNCU Loan current and to cure any and all other non-payment-related defaults that may exist, as well as a demand that New Rise Reno and New Rise provide evidence sufficient for GNCU to determine that it remains secure and that the prospect of repayment of the GNCU Loan has not been impaired by any material adverse change in New Rise Reno’s financial condition, or in the financial condition of New Rise, as a guarantor of the GNCU Loan. GNCU has demanded that the GNCU Loan be brought current, including payment of all late charges, no later than close of business on May 27, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, New Rise Reno has not made payment of the amounts demanded. As of December 31, 2025, the amount required to bring the GNCU Loan current is approximately $29,000,000 inclusive of principal and interest, excluding approximately $2,700,000 of penalties/late charges.

GNCU’s rights and remedies in connection with an event of default include acceleration of the unpaid principal amount of the GNCU Loan, and/or possession, control, sale, and foreclosure on any collateral, including all rights and interests in and to the real property on which the SAF production facility is located (including any after-acquired fixtures, equipment and improvements to the production facility) under the terms of the Ground Lease by and between Twain GL XXVIII, LLC (“Twain”), as the landlord, and New Rise, as the tenant, dated March 29, 2022 (the “Ground Lease”), which is discussed below under “Twain Ground Lease.” GNCU would be obligated to obtain USDA approval in the event that GNCU seeks to exercise any rights it has under the GNCU Loan, including GNCU’s rights prescribed in the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan and related loan documents (including any attempt to foreclose or sell any collateral). The notes also permit GNCU to refrain from taking any action on any of the notes, collateral or any guarantee with the approval of USDA.

On August 6, 2025, GNCU counsel sent a letter to New Rise Reno notifying New Rise Reno of (1) additional events of default under the existing loan documents relating to the GNCU Loan, (2) failure to timely cure the ongoing payment default on the GNCU Loan by the deadline set forth in the demand to cure addressed to New Rise Reno dated March 3, 2025, and (3) the acceleration of the full unpaid balances of the GNCU Loan pursuant to GNCU’s rights under the loan documents relating to the GNCU Loan. The acceleration notice indicated that the amount owing as of August 5, 2025, excluding applicable fees, costs, and penalties, is $130,671,882. Subsequent to the notification, counsel for the Company and counsel for GNCU engaged in discussions regarding the notification, and on August 27, 2025, the Company, on behalf of New Rise Reno and GNCU entered into a Pre-Negotiation Letter outlining the terms under which the parties would engage in discussions for the purpose of entering into letter agreements, meetings, conferences, and written communications with respect to the outstanding default notice and balance due to GNCU. The Pre-Negotiation letter does not obligate any party to take any action with respect to the GNCU Loan and GNCU expressly reserved its rights under the loan documents relating to the GNCU Loan.

On August 27, 2025, the Company and New Rise Reno received a notice from GNCU withdrawing the August 6, 2025 notice of acceleration (the “Notice of Withdrawal”). Besides withdrawing the notice of acceleration, the Notice of Withdrawal specifies that GNCU does not withdraw, modify, or waive the notice of additional events of default and failure to timely cure ongoing payment default set forth in the August 6, 2025 notice of acceleration, which conditions remain in effect. GNCU also does not withdraw or modify the March 6, 2025 demand to cure.

If GNCU pursues one or more of its available remedies under the GNCU Loan, the notes and related loan documents and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno, New Rise or XCF to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the GNCU Loan, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of GNCU taking possession of the facility and/or our assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the New Rise Reno production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of defaults under the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease could make it more difficult to us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

XCF is in active discussions with GNCU to resolve the matters addressed in GNCU’s notice to New Rise Reno, including the possibility of a potential forbearance or modified loan payment schedule while XCF seeks and secures financing and ramps-up SAF production so as to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to be able to make payments under the GNCU Loan, including any past due loan payments and penalties. XCF is making minimal monthly payments to GNCU as a gesture to provide XCF temporary relief until the New Rise Reno facility is upgraded in the second quarter of 2026. However, XCF is actively evaluating financing alternatives with other financial institutions and investors that would allow the re-financing of the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease payments (as discussed below). However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to reach agreement with GNCU or Twain to resolve these matters on acceptable terms, or at all, or obtain sufficient financing to allow us to re-finance the GNCU Loan and Ground Lease payments and also execute our business plan.

Twain Ground Lease

New Rise Reno leases the land on which the New Rise Reno production facility is located pursuant to a ground lease evidenced by the Ground Lease effective as of March 29, 2022, between Twain, as the landlord and New Rise Reno, as the tenant. Pursuant to the Ground Lease, New Rise Reno is obligated to pay Twain base and supplemental rent quarterly in amounts set forth therein. The land was acquired by Twain from New Rise Reno pursuant to the terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of March 29, 2022, by and between Twain, as the buyer and New Rise Reno, as the seller.

On April 18, 2025, and April 30, 2025, counsel to Twain provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that New Rise Reno is in default of the terms of the Ground Lease for its failure to make certain payments that are due and owing thereunder. In the notices, Twain sought immediate payment from New Rise Reno to cure the claimed default. These notices were in addition to prior correspondence directed to New Rise Reno from counsel on behalf of Twain dated December 7, 2023, and June 21, 2024, also asserting to certain defaults under the Ground Lease relating to failures to make required payments. The April 18, 2025, notice demanded payment by April 28, 2025, and the April 30, 2025, notice demanded immediate payment. As of the date of this filing, New Rise Reno has made minimal monthly payments to Twain as a gesture to provide XCF temporary relief until the New Rise Reno facility is upgraded in the second quarter of 2026. As of December 31, 2025, the amount required to satisfy the amounts owing under the Ground Lease totaled approximately $29,000,000, comprised of (i) $18,400,000 of lease payments and (ii) $10,600,000 of late fees and penalties.

Twain’s remedies in the case of an event to default under the Ground Lease include the right to terminate the lease, the right to bring an action to recover the amount of all unpaid rent earned as of the date of termination or in the amount of all unpaid rent for the balance of the term of the lease, and to seek any other amount necessary to compensate Twain for New Rise Reno’s failure to perform its obligations under the Ground Lease. Twain’s available remedies also include the right to take possession of, operate, and/or relet the premises. As discussed above regarding the GNCU Loan, Twain’s secured interests are subordinate to those of GNCU. If Twain were to exercise its possessory or foreclosure remedies under the Ground Lease, it would need to seek approval from and coordinate with GNCU, which in turn would need to consult with USDA. Alternatively, Twain could file a legal action against New Rise Reno, seeking all unpaid rent and damages.

If Twain pursues one or more of its available remedies under the Ground Lease and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or XCF to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the Ground Lease, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of Twain taking possession of the facility and/or our assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of defaults under the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease could make it more difficult for us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of defaults under the Ground Lease and the GNCU Loan could make it more difficult for us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

Twain Forbearance Agreement

On June 11, 2025, XCF, New Rise Reno and Twain entered into a Forbearance Agreement (the “Twain Forbearance Agreement”), pursuant to which Twain has agreed to forbear from exercising its rights and remedies under the Ground Lease and related documents and/or applicable law with respect to any alleged defaults or alleged events of default until September 3, 2025, subject to certain conditions and exceptions provided in the Twain Forbearance Agreement. In consideration of Twain’s forbearance, XCF issued 4,000,000 shares of XCF Common Stock to Twain. The shares were registered for sale in the Form S-1A filed with the SEC on November 26, 2025. The net proceeds of any sale of these shares are to be credited on a dollar-for-dollar basis against any remaining principal, interest, and penalties owed by New Rise Reno to Twain.

As discussed above with respect to the GNCU Loan, XCF is actively evaluating financing alternatives with other financial institutions and investors that would allow the re-financing of the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease payments. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to reach agreement with GNCU or Twain to resolve these matters on acceptable terms, or at all, or obtain sufficient financing to allow us to re-finance the GNCU Loan and Ground Lease payments and also execute our business plan.

Southeast Related Indebtedness

As part of the acquisition of the Fort Myers and Wilson facilities, Legacy XCF assumed an unsecured debt of $2,200,000. As of the date of this filing, the Company is in default under certain of these unsecured loan agreements due to the non-payment of scheduled principal and/or interest amounts and although the holder hasn’t yet exercised its rights, it could call the note or take other action at any time. The affected loans have an aggregate principal balance of approximately $1,700,000 and interest payable of approximately $609,000 and carry maturities ranging from 2021 to 2024. No payments have been made as of the date of this filing on these obligations.

The Company is actively engaged in discussions with the affected lenders regarding potential amendments, forbearance arrangements, or restructuring of the outstanding obligations, but there can be no assurance that such discussions will result in a favorable outcome or a waiver of the existing defaults. As of the date of this filing, the lenders have not taken any formal enforcement actions.

These defaults could result in a range of adverse consequences, including but not limited to:

The Company’s ability to continue funding operations, meet upcoming working capital requirements, and pursue its strategic initiatives is dependent on resolving the loan defaults, securing additional financing, and/or generating sufficient cash flows from operations. The Company is exploring all available options to preserve liquidity, including equity financing, asset sales, or strategic partnerships.

XCF Operations and Management

XCF uses a combination of internal management and third-party service providers to manage the business and plant operations and may make changes to its operations management model from time to time depending on business conditions. Management is primarily responsible for feedstock acquisitions, off-take agreements, growth and acquisition strategy, execution of current business plans, financing of existing and future projects, day-to-day plant operations and maintenance, and management of third-party service providers. Third-party service providers are expected to be utilized for EPC services; however, the company may elect to engage third-party service providers to manage the day-to-day plant operations and maintenance of future sites.

Encore

Encore was one of the EPC companies that was subcontracted to build New Rise Reno. Encore managed the conversion of New Rise Reno to SAF production. Encore is 100% controlled by Randy Soule, who is currently our second largest shareholder.

Encore was responsible for:

XCF does not have any future plans to use Encore at the New Rise Reno facility or any other projects.

Orion Plant Services, Inc.

In February 2024, we signed an operations and maintenance agreement with Orion Plant Services, Inc. (“Orion”). Orion’s responsibilities included:

In Q4 2024, New Rise Reno terminated its agreement with Orion and directly hired the employees rather than utilize the service provider. New Rise Reno currently manages day-to-day operations and maintenance at the New Rise Reno facility.

Market Environment

Transportation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

The transportation sector has been identified as a leading contributor of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States for the last three decades. The “Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (Inventory)” is an annual report published by the EPA which tracks U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and sinks by source, economic sector, and greenhouse gas going back to 1990. Additionally, the EPA uses the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP) which requires reporting of greenhouse gas data and other relevant information from large GHG emission sources, fuel and industrial gas suppliers, and CO2 injection sites in the United States; reported data is made available in October of each year.

The gasses covered by the latest Inventory report (2022) include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, and nitrogen trifluoride. The national greenhouse gas inventory is submitted to the United Nations in accordance with the Framework Convention on Climate Change. According to this report, the primary sources of greenhouse gas emissions by economic sector in the U.S. are:

Transportation (28.5%) - The transportation sector generates the largest share of greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions from transportation primarily come from burning fossil fuel for cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes. Over 94% of the fuel used for transportation is petroleum based, which includes primarily gasoline and diesel.

Electricity production (25.0%) - Electric power generates the second largest share of greenhouse gas emissions and includes emissions from electricity production used by other end use sectors. In 2022, 59% of electricity was produced from burning fossil fuels, mostly coal and natural gas.

Industry (23.0%) - Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from certain chemical reactions necessary to produce goods from raw materials. If emissions from electricity use are allocated to the industrial end-use sector, industrial activities account for a much larger share (~30%) of the U.S.’s greenhouse gas emissions.

Market Opportunity and Demand for Renewable Fuels

The market for renewable fuels is nascent but growing, though energy use in the industry is still dominated by liquid transportation fuels derived from fossil, carbon-based raw materials. Through a combination of loan and grant programs and tax incentives, state and federal government organizations have taken the lead in stimulating the demand for and adoption of SAF providing significant tailwinds for both SAF supply and demand, driving a need for new plants and increased production. The transportation industry has responded by seeking sustainable fuel alternatives and making commitments for incorporating SAF into their fuel programs with key milestones in 2030 and 2050.

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (“EIA”), in 2023, petroleum products accounted for approximately 89% of total U.S. transportation sector energy use. Biofuels contributed approximately 6%, most of which were blended with petroleum fuels (gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel). Gasoline, accounting for 52% of transportation energy use, is the dominant transportation fuel in the United States, followed by distillate fuels (mostly diesel fuel) at 22% and jet fuel at 12%.

As various industry bodies and governmental agencies have announced aspirational decarbonization targets by 2050, XCF believes that market and political sentiment will continue to shift in favor of sustainability, significantly altering the mix of fuel consumption in favor of renewable fuels. Decarbonization refers to the removal or reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) output into the atmosphere.

The renewable fuels that XCF will produce at its facilities are designed to meet the EPA’s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), which requires a minimum volume of transportation fuels sold in the U.S. to contain renewable fuel to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The final volume requirements under the EPA’s RFS are set forth below. On July 1, 2022, the EPA issued final Renewable Fuel Volume Requirements for calendar years 2020, 2021, and 2022. On June 21, 2023, the EPA announced a final rule to establish RFS volumes for 2023, 2024, and 2025. The EPA Administrator has the discretion to determine the volume amounts for all fuel categories starting in 2023. These volume mandates drive demand for renewable fuels. Decarbonization refers to the removal or reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) output into the atmosphere.

The market for renewable fuels is also driven by the adoption of low-carbon fuel standards in certain states and Canadian provinces. Low-carbon fuel standards programs establish levels of carbon intensity for transportation fuels and requires fuel providers to demonstrate that the volume and type of fuel they supply for use in that state or province meets the carbon intensity level or standard that is established for that year. Businesses such as XCF that create cleaner fuels will generate credits that can be sold to fuel users who must offset deficits.

The SAF Opportunity

According to the IEA, in 2023, aviation accounted for 2.5% of global energy-related CO2 emissions, having grown faster in recent decades than rail, road or shipping. While aviation has gradually become less energy intensive on a passenger per mile basis as aircraft have become more efficient, efficiency gains can only go so far toward reaching climate goals. SAF allows for the decarbonization of the fuel without requiring changes to the aircraft technology or other aviation related infrastructure. According to the IATA, SAF could contribute around 65% of the reduction in emissions needed by aviation to reach net zero CO2 emissions by 2050.

Commercial aviation has developed largely due to the relatively high energy per unit mass of traditional fossil-based jet fuel, which can power planes for the necessary durations and distances without adding unmanageable weight. To date, no other traditional energy source has proved a viable substitute.

However, recent engineering of SAF has produced a sustainable alternative chemically similar to traditional jet fuel which achieves the energy density required to power large aircraft. This makes SAF a drop-in fuel, in that it seamlessly integrates with existing aviation infrastructure without the need for modification and is easily blended with or used in place of traditional Jet-A. While there is no mandated or established industry standard for the blend rate, the maximum Jet-A and SAF blend ratio is up to 50/50 (fossil jet fuel: neat SAF). We have the ability to deliver neat SAF but we expect offtake partners to require a ratio of blended SAF. Notably, regulatory intervention or the establishment of a common blend standard could impact the Company’s financial outlook. In 2011, ASTM put forth ASTM D7566 SAF (HEFA) that regulates blended SAF ratios at a maximum ratio of 50/50. As SAF is produced from sustainable feedstocks, using SAF could drive significant reductions in carbon emissions.

Due to SAF’s promise as a viable substitute for fossil-based jet fuels, in 2021 the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and other federal government agencies announced the Sustainable Aviation Fuel Grand Challenge, as part of a comprehensive strategy for scaling up new technologies to produce SAF on a commercial scale. The Challenge aims to expand domestic consumption of SAF to 3 billion gallons per year by 2030 and 35 billion gallons per year by 2050 - projected 100% of aviation fuel demand - while achieving at least a 50% reduction in lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. Recent EPA data shows that approximately 5 million gallons of SAF were consumed in 2021 and over 14 million gallons in 2022. According to the Sustainable Aviation Fuel Market Outlook (June 2024 update) by SkyRNG, SAF capacity announcements to date in the US are expected to produce 2.2 billion gallons SAF by 2030 leaving a potential shortfall of around 800 million gallons of SAF for achieving the 2030 milestone.

As this has propelled sustainability into key focus for the airline industry, multiple airlines around the world have announced near- and medium-term goals for adopting SAF for use in meeting their sustainability targets as it relates to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In September 2025, the one world Alliance and member airlines, in partnership with Breakthrough Energy Ventures (BEV) announced the launch of a new investment fund that seeks to accelerate the global development of long-term aviation fuel solutions that are cost effective, scalable and have lower emissions than conventional fuels as part of its commitment to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. According to IATA, in 2024, SAF accounted for 0.3% of global jet fuel production though many airlines have a target of 10% by 2030; the SAF Grand Challenge’s goal of net zero by 2050 relies on SAF accounting for 65% of fuel. In the European Union (“EU”), rules will require fuel suppliers to ensure that 2% of fuel made available at EU airports is SAF in 2025, rising to 6% in 2030, 20% in 2035, and gradually to 70% in 2050.

The mission of The Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance (“SABA”) is to accelerate the path to net-zero aviation by driving investment in high-integrity SAF, catalyzing new SAF production, technological innovation, and supporting member engagement in policy-making efforts. Spearheaded by RMI and Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and supported by its founding companies, the SABA aims to accelerate the path to net zero aviation by driving investment in and adoption of SAF, which could substantially reduce emissions from air travel.

In late 2022, ICAO member states adopted a long-term global aspirational goal (“LTAG”) to achieve net zero carbon emissions from international aviation by 2050. The agreement aims to reduce emissions within the sector itself (i.e. directly from aviation activity, as opposed to via offsetting emissions through purchase of credits). Although it remains non-binding and lacks intermediate goals, member state governments are expected to produce action plans within their own national timeframe and capabilities.

According to IATA, airlines will need 500 million tons (~165 billion gallons) of SAF annually by 2050, encompassing both biomass and power-to-liquid sources, to achieve net zero carbon emissions. IATA reported that 2024 SAF production reached 1 million tons (~330 million gallons) of SAF, requiring an approximately 27% annual growth rate to meet the 2050 target. Given the potential for even more countries to announce targets or for blending to occur even in countries without targets in place, this estimated growth requirement could be conservative.

Blended SAF, which is a blend of traditional Jet-A fuel and SAF, is used by airlines around the world as an alternative fuel option to traditional 100% Jet-A fuel for the purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions as described above. Airlines have taken meaningful steps to incorporate SAF into their fuel purchasing programs. According to the ICAO, as of March 2026 there are over 180 airports around the world distributing SAF and over 54 billion liters of SAF under offtake agreements.

XCF’s Products

XCF intends to sell renewable fuels such as SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha.

Under the P66 Agreement, Phillips 66 shall purchase 100% of the neat SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha produced at New Rise Reno. The P66 Agreement permits New Rise Reno to continue to engage in sales and business development activities. To the extent that we develop new sales with FBOs or airlines directly, we may be required to deliver blended SAF which is ready for in-flight use. Although the blended SAF ratio can be 10% to 50% compared to conventional jet fuel, XCF would benefit from a higher revenue per gallon on a neat SAF basis due to differences in the amount of SAF used in the end product. Phillips 66, under the terms of the P66 Agreement, will provide the blending and logistics services for these third-party customers.

Competitive Environment

Our current competitors primarily consist of:

The current competitive environment in North America includes approximately 30 competitor production facilities, of which six are operational sites, six are under construction, and 18 sites have been proposed or are under development and slated to come online by the end of 2030 or after. As sites take several years from development to first production, it is expected that this competitive set is representative of how the market will evolve until approximately 2030. XCF has a project pipeline that includes a new site, New Rise Reno 2, which is expected to come online in 2028, giving it an early mover advantage over the majority of the competition and the opportunity to bring more supply to market as demand increases in the coming years.

A brief overview of the businesses we currently believe to be our material competitors follows. These producers compete in the drop-in renewable fuels market and may produce products in addition to SAF such as renewable diesel. Competitors’ businesses do not represent a direct comparison to XCF whose business model currently focuses on SAF production utilizing the HEFA pathway. Some producers may be developing new technologies and are not yet producing renewable fuels at commercial scale or may also have traditional refinery as a core business. A brief overview of the SAF or renewable diesel production of the competitors includes:

Gevo, Inc. (“GEVO”): Gevo produces SAF, renewable diesel, animal feed, and other low-carbon, bio-based raw materials. According to the company’s website, the expected annual production output of Gevo’s ATJ60 facility in Lake Preston, South Dakota is 60 million gallons per year of liquid hydrocarbons in the form of jet fuel and renewable gasoline. Total anticipated annual neat SAF production output of XCF, assuming the timely completion of New Rise Reno 2, is expected to be 80 million gallons per year by the end of 2028, of which New Rise Reno is expected to produce 38 million gallons per year.

LanzaJet, Inc. (“LanzaJet”): LanzaJet, a subsidiary of LanzaTech, Inc. (LNZA), intends to produce low-carbon sustainable aviation fuel and renewable diesel through its alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) technology. According to the company’s website, their Freedom Pines ATJ facility completed construction in January 2024. The facility has nameplate capacity of 10 million gallons per year and is expected to come online in 2025. Total anticipated annual neat SAF production output of XCF, assuming the timely completion of New Rise Reno 2, is expected to be 80 million gallons per year by the end of 2028, of which New Rise Reno is expected to produce 38 million gallons per year.

Montana Renewables, LLC (“Montana Renewables”): Montana Renewables, a subsidiary of Calumet, Inc. (CLMT), is a producer of SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha. According to the company’s website, annual production capacity for SAF is around 30 million gallons per year. In January 2025, the company was awarded a $1.44Bn DOE loan to fund expansion of its facility to an expected 300 million gallons per year; the facility is expected to run at approximately 50% capacity in 2026. Total anticipated annual neat SAF production output of XCF, assuming the timely completion of New Rise Reno 2, is expected to be 80 million gallons per year by the end of 2028, of which New Rise Reno is expected to produce 38 million gallons per year.

Neste Ovi (“NESTE”): Neste claims to be the world’s leading producer of renewable diesel and SAF and a forerunner in providing renewable feedstock solutions. In addition to renewable diesel and SAF, Neste produces a variety of other products. According to the company’s website, output of global SAF production is expected to reach 1.5 million tons in 2025. Total anticipated annual neat SAF production output of XCF, assuming the timely completion of New Rise Reno 2, is expected to be 80 million gallons per year by the end of 2028, of which New Rise Reno is expected to produce 38 million gallons per year.

There are several key factors which drive competition, namely price, production capacity, and location. As all neat SAF must meet ASTM D7566 standards, quality is less of a competitive advantage. In the future, however, as new pathways become commercially viable, fuels which have lower CI scores may become available which could serve as a competitive advantage.

SAF companies compete with other renewable fuels companies for feedstock. As the demand for SAF and other renewable fuels grows in the coming years, access to a reliable supply of feedstock at a suitable price will likely become a key driver of success.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Credits

In addition to grants and loans, the United States federal government incentivizes the production of low-carbon transportation fuel and sustainable aviation fuel through production tax credits (that can be used against income tax liabilities) pursuant to sections 40A, 40B, 6426, and 45Z (collectively, the “Tax Credits”) of the Code. Tax credits available under Code sections 40A and 40B expired at the end of 2024, and tax credits under Code section 45Z are available from 2025 through 2029 as extended under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act.

The Tax Credits are a key part of an energy policy environment that supports the development and production of sustainable aviation and transportation fuel facilities. The Tax Credits can be monetized in various ways, including certain refundable provisions through the end of 2024, and from 2025 through 2029, through tax equity financings or the sale of Tax Credits to certain purchasers. With respect to those facilities eligible for Tax Credits in the years in which such credits are available (and, as relevant, for years in which the Tax Credits are extended through Congressional action), the Company intends to monetize all available Tax Credits in an efficient manner to support the development, construction, and ongoing operation of low-carbon transportation and sustainable aviation fuel facilities. In certain instances, depending on the manner in which the Company monetizes Tax Credits, the Company may retain certain tax attributes associated with its facilities, including depreciation, that can provide cashflow and timing benefits with respect to the Company’s federal income tax liabilities.

Clean Fuel Production Tax Credit (45Z Credit) / Blenders and Renewable Diesel Tax Credit (40B /40A)

The Tax Credits provide up to a $1 per gallon production tax credit for low-carbon transportation fuels and $1.75 per gallon tax credit for SAF, indexed annually for inflation, currently scheduled to expire at the end of 2029.

The 45Z Credit is available from January 1, 2025 until December 31, 2029, as extended under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. The value of each credit increases inversely relative to the reduction in the fuel’s carbon intensity, measured in kilograms of CO2e per mmBTU. Specifically, the value of the 45Z Credit begins with a baseline assumption that fuels have a maximum carbon intensity of 50 kilograms of CO2e per mmBTU, and as that intensity approaches zero, the value of the credit increases, up to a certain cap, indexed for inflation. For transportation fuels, the maximum 45Z Credit value is $1/gallon, assuming certain labor, wage and apprenticeship requirements are satisfied (which the Company intends to comply with). This $1/gallon value is in part determined using the Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation (“GREET”) model. The GREET model is a tool that assesses a range of lifecycle energy, emissions, and environmental impact challenges and that can be used to guide decision-making, research and development, and regulations related to transportation and the energy sector. In its SAF application, the GREET model is used for determining carbon intensity, for which the Treasury Department is obligated to publish tabular data taxpayers can rely upon for substantiating their CI scores. For SAF, the maximum 45Z Credit value is $1.75/gallon until the end of 2025 and $1.00/gallon until the end of 2029, assuming certain labor, wage and apprenticeship requirements are satisfied (which the Company intends to comply with), using the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation, which has been adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (“CORSIA”) model (or a similar model under the federal government’s Clean Air Act). For both transportation fuels and SAF, failure of the company to comply with prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements results in an 80% reduction in the 45Z Credit value.

The GREET model is subject to change on a periodic basis, and while the 45Z Credit statutory language requires the publication of carbon intensity tables for transportation fuels, there is uncertainty as to the version of GREET those tables will refer to, or how the tables will vary over time, including during the credit period. Accordingly, there is a risk the 45Z Credit values will fluctuate during the credit period, and that the Company may not be able to permanently rely on a version of carbon intensity tables in a GREET model. This may result in uncertainty as to financing a project and measuring the magnitude of tax credits that the Company can monetize. In addition, the market for SAF is currently developing, and models under CORSIA or other federally allowable rules are in a state of flux. Moreover, the Section 45Z statute does not provide for SAF tables, suggesting taxpayers will be required to develop their own computations. Finally, while the Section 45Z statute requires tables to be published for transportation fuels, there is no such requirement for SAF. Accordingly, there is uncertainty as to transportation fuel credit values for purposes of Code section 45Z. Similarly, for other Fuels Credits, there is no requirement to publish tables with credit values, resulting in potential uncertainty as to whether the IRS will respect a taxpayer’s determination of the Fuels Credit value for any given tax year.

The fuels tax credits under Code sections 40A and 40B (together, “40 Credits”), respectively, provided for $1.00 per gallon for certain biodiesel fuels and $1.25 per gallon production tax credit for SAF. The 40 Credits expired on December 31, 2024. The Fuels Credit under Code section 40B requires that the SAF produced, discounting that portion which is kerosene, have a GHG reduction percentage of at least 50%. In contrast, the Fuels Credit under Code section 40A does not consider lifecycle GHG and accounting for the carbon intensity score of fuel to determine the maximum credit achievable per gallon of fuel produced. Additionally, there is no requirement to publish tables with credit values, resulting in potential uncertainty as to whether the IRS will respect a taxpayer’s determination of the 40 Credits value for any given tax year. The 40 Credits expired at the end of 2024 and were replaced with the 45Z Credit.

In addition to federal income tax incentives, the Company intends to manage its operations to qualify for additional federal and state regulatory incentives as described below.

Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)

The Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”) program was developed under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 as an amendment to the Clean Air Act of 1970 (“CAA”). The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (“EISA”) expanded the RFS program to reduce greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions by expanding the use of renewable fuels. The RFS is a national policy governed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) in consultations with the USDA and the Department of Energy (“DOE”). The program demands a specific volume of renewable fuel to substitute traditional petroleum-based fuel for transportation.

To satisfy the requirements of the RFS program, refiners or importers of petroleum fuels must either blend in sufficient volumes of renewable fuels or obtain Renewable Identification Numbers (“RINs”) to meet the EPA’s Renewable Volume Obligation (“RVO”). Each refiner’s or importer’s RVO is calculated by the EPA annually based on the CAA volume projections of gasoline and diesel production for the year. The RVO is the volume a refiner or importer is obligated to sell based on the company’s total fuel sale.

To generate RINs, a fuel producer needs to maintain significant data on the feedstock used to create the fuel. RINs are generated once a producer generates a gallon of renewable fuel. In relation to SAF, once a renewable fuel source is blended with a non-renewable medium at a blender, the RIN credit can be separated and sold to others or claimed by the blender if it has an RVO. Qualifying renewable fuels are required to achieve reduction in GHG commissions compared to a petroleum-baseline metric from 2005 mandated by the EISA, although facilities producing fuel before 2007 are not required to meet the GHG emissions reductions specified to generate RINs (the class of RINs these facilities qualify for, however, is typically less valuable than the RINs we anticipate our fuels will generate). XCF currently anticipates that its fuels will qualify to generate RINs specific to biomass-based diesel, and/or cellulosic biodiesels (both would also qualify for the broader category of “renewable fuels”).

The price of RIN credits is not fixed, but variable, depending on supply and demand dynamics. Demand for RINs is dependent upon the RVO requirements set forth by the EPA, while supply is based on output of renewable fuel producers, which respond to costs of production. RINs are frequently traded, with prices reflecting these dynamics.

With the rise in global demand for non-food feedstocks, XCF expects to see an increase in the cost of SAF per gallon, which, XCF believes, will directly raise the prices of RINs for sale.

On the other hand, EPA’s latest RFS rules-announced in June of 2023-set annual volume requirements for 2023-2025 below biofuel production trends, which would apply downward pressure on the prices of RINs. The limits set by the EPA in future years could also affect the financial model with respect to price of RINs.

Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS)

Like the RFS program, the LCFS tax credit focuses on decreasing the carbon intensity of California’s transportation fuel and providing an increase in lower-carbon fuel alternatives to improve the quality of air. The LCFS program was initiated in 2009 by the California Air Resource Board (“CARB”) and implemented in 2011. The program was amended and readopted in 2016 to address procedural changes to its adoption process. CARB approved additional amendments in 2018 which strengthen the carbon-intensity (“CI”) benchmarks through 2030, aligning with California’s 2030 GHG reduction target. The current LCFS regulation imposes a standard 20% CI decline starting 2030. In December 2023, CARB proposed revisions to the LCFS regulation that will impose more stringent CI benchmarks and tighten rules around eligibility of certain projects to generate LCFS credits. The LCFS allows for a lifecycle assessment of fuels by measuring the GHG emissions associated with the production, transportation and use of the fuel. CI scores measure both the direct and indirect effects of crop-based biofuels. Each CI represents grams of carbon dioxide equivalents per megajoule (gCO2e/MJ). The CI score of each low-carbon fuel is compared to the declining CI benchmark for each year. Low-carbon fuels below the designated benchmark generate a credit while fuels above generate a deficit. XCF, being a provider of transportation fuel, must demonstrate that the mix of fuels delivered to California is compliant with the LCFS standards on an annual basis. XCF can utilize a variety of feedstocks including but not limited to corn, soybean, and used cooking oils which generates a lower CI score in comparison to traditional petroleum-based fuels. The CI benchmark score fluctuates annually, and fuel providers must meet the benchmark accordingly. For compliance purposes, a deficit generator indicates the number of credits acquired is greater than or equal to the number of deficits accumulated. According to the LCFS data dashboard, $2 billion worth of credit transactions were accounted for in 2018. To expand low-carbon initiatives, the LCFS program is planning to create a Pacific-Coast collaborative with Washington, Oregon, and British Colombia. The trickle-down effect of the LCFS credit is sparking interest for similar programs in other regions of the world such as Brazil and Canada.

On June 27, 2025, the California Office of Administrative Law (OAL) approved the amended LCFS regulation, submitted by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to the OAL on May 16, 2025. Following OAL’s approval, CARB announced that the amendments would enter into force in July 1, 2025. The amendments increase both the pre- and post-2030 stringency of the CI benchmarks. Specifically, they increase the CI reduction targets from 20% to 30% by 20230, and aim for a 90% reduction by 2045, based on a 2010 baseline. The amendments establish, among other things, a phased sustainability certification process for biomass and impose a cap on the issuance of credits for biomass-based diesel produced from soybean, canola, or sunflower oil, limiting it to 20% of the total credits per producer.

To monetize this credit, LCFS is tracked quarterly via CI scores. Once credits are calculated, the credits undergo a verification process post credit generation. Thus, fuel producers and blenders must maintain transaction logs to maintain compliance with LCFS standards for fuel pathway-based crediting. In August 2025, a 40 CI renewable diesel (RD) received approximately $0.31/gallon in California LCFS credit value. For the month of December 2025, the average credit was $55 per metric tonne with 384 transfers and a total volume of 6,870,000 (credits – MTs) where MT is a metric tonne. The range for December was $46 to $96 per metric tonne. There are 264.172 gallons of diesel in 1 MT. This converts to $.21 as the average price per gallon with a range for the month of $.17 to $.36.

Intellectual Property

XCF does not currently own any intellectual property material to its operations and instead plans to license existing technologies for the operations of its plants. Currently, New Rise licenses Axens’ proprietary hydrogenation technology in renewable fuels production at New Rise Reno. XCF intends to obtain similar licenses from Axens to utilize this technology at future sites.

Regulatory Matters - Environmental and Compliance

As a refiner of biofuels, XCF will be subject to federal, state and local environmental laws, regulations and permit conditions, including those relating to the discharge of materials into the air, water and ground, the generation, storage, handling, use, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials, and the health and safety of our employees. Environmental laws and regulations may, among other things:

These laws, regulations and permits impose legal obligations that are applicable to the operations of our facilities and may sometimes require us to incur significant human resources and capital costs to remain compliant with existing regulations or conform to new ones. Environmental laws and regulations change over time, and any such changes, more vigorous enforcement policies, or the discovery of currently unknown conditions may require substantial expenditures to rectify and conform. Regulations and the compliance of such regulations may also require us to make operational changes to limit actual or potential impacts to the environment; such changes could have a material impact on our ability to produce fuels to previously realized specifications or volumes. A violation of these laws, regulations, permits or license conditions could result in substantial fines, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns.

New laws, new interpretations of existing laws, increased governmental enforcement of environmental laws or other developments could require us to make significant additional expenditures. Continued government and public emphasis on environmental issues can result in increased future investments in environmental controls at our facilities which cannot be estimated now. Present and future environmental laws and regulations applicable to our operations, more vigorous enforcement policies and discovery of currently unknown conditions could all require us to make substantial expenditures which could materially impact the company.

Site Development

In connection with the conversion of New Rise Reno to a SAF facility, and the anticipated build-outs of New Rise Reno 2 and potential buildout of, Fort Myers and Wilson, as well as any new site development projects, XCF is required to obtain various permits from government bodies to commence new construction or the conversion of existing sites. We cannot be assured such permits will be received. Regulators could make demands that increase our construction costs which might force us to obtain additional financing. Permit conditions could also restrict or limit the extent of our intended site development initiatives. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain or comply with the terms of all necessary permits required for constructing a new SAF facility or complete the retrofit of a biodiesel plant. Failure to obtain and comply with all applicable permits and licenses could disrupt site development initiatives by postponing, delaying, and/or halting our construction and could subject us to future claims.

New Rise Reno has received occupancy and operating permits for its buildings and facilities.

Operations

As XCF is a producer and operator of renewable fuels production facilities, various permits from government bodies are required for SAF production and operation of the SAF production facilities, and we cannot be assured such permits will be received. As a condition to granting the permits necessary for operating our facilities, regulators could make demands that increase our operations costs, which might force us to obtain additional financing or render our SAF product non-competitive. Permit conditions could also restrict or limit the extent of our operations. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain or comply with the terms of all necessary permits to operate a SAF plant and engage in SAF production. Failure to obtain and comply with all applicable permits and licenses could halt production. XCF will be required to be compliant with regulations relating to: Air Emissions, Water Discharge, Contamination, and Spills or Releases of Hazardous Materials.

Air Emissions

Our air emissions are subject to the Clean Air Act (“CAA”), the CAA Amendments of 1990 and similar state and local laws and associated regulations. Under the CAA, the EPA has promulgated National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”), which could apply to our facilities if the emissions of hazardous air pollutants exceed certain thresholds. If a facility we operate is authorized to emit hazardous air pollutants above the threshold level, then we might still be required to come into compliance with another NESHAP at some future time. New or expanded facilities might be required to comply with both standards upon startup if they exceed the hazardous air pollutant threshold.

In addition to the costs for achieving and maintaining compliance with these laws, more stringent standards may also limit our operating flexibility. Direct impacts may occur through the CAA’s permitting requirements and/or emission control and monitoring requirements relating to specific air pollutants, as well as the requirement to maintain a risk management program to help prevent accidental releases of certain regulated substances. Some or all of the regulations promulgated pursuant to the CAA, or any future promulgations of regulations, may require the installation of controls or changes to the facilities to maintain compliance. The cost to implement new controls, equipment, or changes to operations could be substantial.

New Rise Reno has a Class II Operating Air Quality Permit issued by Bureau of Air Pollution Control under the Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources as it relates to the production of renewable diesel. New Rise Reno 2, Fort Myers and Wilson will also be subject to the CAA and will need to comply with any CAA requirements with respect thereto.

Water Discharge

The facilities that XCF will operate will be subject to requirements under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended, also known as the federal Clean Water Act (“CWA”), and analogous state laws impose restrictions and stringent controls on the discharge of pollutants into the water affect our business. Such discharges are prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit issued by the EPA or the appropriate state agencies. Any unpermitted release of pollutants could result in penalties, as well as significant remedial obligations. Notably, laws and their implementing regulations are subject to change and there can be no assurance that such future costs will not be material.

New Rise Reno currently has a general permit for stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity issued by the State of Nevada, Division of Environmental Protection. As additional facilities are brought online, we will be required to comply with the CWA. New Rise Reno 2, Fort Myers and Wilson will also be subject to the CWA and will need to obtain associated permits for water discharges as part of the build-outs and ongoing operations of the related plants.

Contamination

XCF may also be subject to potential liability for the investigation and cleanup of environmental contamination at each of the properties that we own or operate and at off-site locations where we arrange for the disposal of hazardous wastes. If significant contamination is identified at our properties in the future, costs to investigate and remediate this contamination and costs to investigate or remediate associated damage could be significant. If any of these sites are subject to investigation and/or remediation requirements, we may be strictly and jointly and severally responsible under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (“EPCRA”), or other environmental laws for all or part of the costs of such investigation and/or remediation, and for damage to natural resources. XCF may also be subject to related claims by private parties alleging property damage or personal injury due to exposure to hazardous or other materials at or from such properties. While costs to address contamination or related third-party claims could be significant, based upon currently available information, we are not aware of any such material contamination or third-party claims at New Rise, Fort Myers, or Wilson. Based on our current assessment of the environmental and regulatory risks, we have not accrued any amounts for environmental matters as of December 31, 2025 at the aforementioned sites. The ultimate costs of any liabilities that may be identified or the discovery of additional contaminants could materially adversely impact our results of operation or financial condition. As additional production facilities are brought online, we will be required to comply with related contamination rules.

Spills or Releases of Hazardous Materials

Our operations involve the storage, handling, transport and disposal of bulk materials, some of which contain oil, contaminants and other regulated substances. The production and transportation of our products may result in spills or releases of hazardous substances, which could result in claims from governmental authorities or third parties relating to actual or alleged personal injury, property damage, or damage to natural resources. The response to such events is governed by the EPCRA which requires facilities to report the storage, use, and release of hazardous chemicals to federal, state, and local governments and Section 103 of the CERCLA which mandates immediate reporting of releases of hazardous substances exceeding reportable quantities to the National Response Center (“NRC”).

New Rise Reno has a Site Pollution Incident Legal Liability insurance policy which provides coverage against some liabilities that result from spills. Additionally, New Rise Reno’s general and umbrella liability policy coverage includes, but is not limited to, physical damage to assets, employer’s liability, comprehensive general liability, automobile liability and workers’ compensation. XCF, itself, does not carry environmental insurance. XCF believes that its insurance is adequate for the industry, but losses could occur for uninsurable or uninsured risks or in amounts exceeding existing insurance coverage. The occurrence of events which result in significant personal injury or damage to XCF’s property, natural resources or third parties that is not covered by insurance could have a material adverse impact on the results of our operation and financial condition. We are not aware of any such material spills or releases of hazardous substances that have resulted in government or third-party claims at New Rise, Fort Myers, or Wilson.

Properties

New Rise Reno is our flagship production facility. New Rise leases the land on which the New Rise Reno facilities are located pursuant to a ground lease evidenced by the Ground Lease effective as of March 29, 2022 between Twain GL XXVIII, LLC, as the landlord and New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC, as the tenant. The land was acquired by Twain GL XXVIII, LLC from New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC pursuant to the terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of March 29, 2022, by and between Twain GL XXVIII, LLC, as the buyer and New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC, as the seller. New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New Rise Renewables. The material equipment, fixtures, buildings and improvements attached or affixed to the land are owned by New Rise Renewables and New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC. The purchase price for the land acquisition under the Purchase and Sale Agreement was $2,800,000. New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC’s obligations under the Ground Lease are guaranteed by New Rise Renewables and Encore (a company wholly-owned by Randy Soule).

The lease term is 99 years from the effective date of March 29, 2022. Rent is payable quarterly in advance in four equal installments on the first business day of January, April, July, and October of every calendar year during the term. For 2025, total rent payments are expected to be $10.7 million. Lease payments are comprised of base rent and supplemental rent. Base rent is calculated by multiplying the “rent basis” by 7.28%, where the rent basis is an amount equal to equal to the amount of the “tenant improvement allowance” paid by Twain GL XXVIII, LLC from time to time. No minimum tenant improvement allowance is required to be paid by Twain GL XXVIII, LLC. Supplemental rent increases during the term of the lease. During the second, third and fourth years of the lease, the supplemental rent is:

For the fifth lease year and continuing thereafter on the first day of each lease year , supplemental rent will be adjusted to an amount equal to the sum of (i) 2.48% of the base rent for the immediately preceding applicable lease year plus (ii) 102.48%) of the supplemental rent for the immediately preceding applicable lease year.

In addition, beginning on the commencement of the sixth lease year and continuing thereafter every five years (each such 5-year period, a “CPI Adjustment Period”) and continuing until the end of the lease term, Supplemental Rent also will be increased on the first day of each CPI Adjustment Period by the percentage change in the CPI figure from (i) the commencement date for the first CPI Adjustment Period (or the first day of the immediately preceding CPI Adjustment Period for all subsequent CPI Adjustment Periods) to (ii) the last day of the fifth lease year for the first CPI Adjustment Period or the last day of the immediately preceding CPI Adjustment Period for all subsequent CPI Adjustment Periods, if and only if, the percentage increase in the CPI figure during such CPI Adjustment Period is greater than the percentage increase in Supplemental Rent during the same CPI Adjustment Period. For purposes of the lease, “CPI” means The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”) for the U.S. City Average for All Items, as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor (or if the publication of such Consumer Price Index is discontinued, a comparable index similar in nature to the discontinued index which clearly reflects that diminution (or increase) in the real value of the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar reported for the calendar year in question).

New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC has the right to purchase Twain GL XXVIII, LLC’s interest in the premises. The right is exercisable following March 29, 2024. In order to exercise the repurchase right, New Rise Renewables Reno, LLC must not be in default or breach of the lease and must provide Twain GL XXVIII, LLC with written notice of its intent to exercise its right. The purchase price for the repurchase is equal to the quotient of (i) aggregate Base Rent and Supplemental Rent for the current Lease Year in effect as of the date of the notice of the intent to repurchase (as increased by the percentage change in the CPI figure from the commencement date for the first CPI Adjustment Period or the first day of the immediately preceding CPI Adjustment Period for all subsequent CPI Adjustment Periods to the last day of the month in which Twain GL XXVIII, LLC’s receives the notice, divided by (ii) a cap rate of 6.53%. If, however, the repurchase occurs after the fifth year of the lease, the purchase price will be calculated based on the aggregate Base Rent and Supplemental Rent payable during the fifth lease year.

The transactions under the Purchase and Sale Agreement and the Ground Lease were determined to not qualify for sale/leaseback treatment. Instead, the transactions have been treated as a financing arrangement. The financing liability is categorized as long-term liability in the amount of $132,806,188 and $132,767,058 as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

On April 18, 2025 and April 30, 2025, counsel to Twain provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that New Rise Reno is in default of the terms of the Ground Lease for its failure to make certain payments that are due and owing thereunder.

Legal Proceedings

We have been involved in various claims and legal actions that arose in the ordinary course of business and were not material to our operations or financial results, and in the future we may be a party to various claims and routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business.

Greater Nevada Credit Union Loan

New Rise Reno has four notes payable outstanding, in aggregate principal amount of $112,580,000, to GNCU, as the successor to Jefferson Financial Federal Credit Union. The GNCU Loan was underwritten by certain guarantees issued by the USDA under the Biorefinery, Renewable Chemical and Biobased Product Manufacturing Assistance Program, which guaranteed 100% of the principal amount of the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the USDA Guaranty, the GNCU Loan is secured by a priority first lien on all assets of the project, except for inventory and accounts receivable, which may be used by New Rise Reno for routine business purposes so long as New Rise Reno is not in default of the GNCU Loan. The USDA must approve, inter alia, the accounts agreement, any issuance of additional debt by New Rise Reno, the transfer or sale of New Rise Reno assets or collateral, lien priorities, the substitution, release or foreclosure on the collateral, and GNCU’s exercise of any rights it has relating to the GNCU Loan, including those rights provided in the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan and the other transaction documents relating to the GNCU Loan. In addition, New Rise is a guarantor of the GNCU Loan.

On March 28, 2025, counsel for GNCU and Greater Nevada Commercial Lending, LLC (the servicer for the GNCU Loan) provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting than an event of default has occurred with respect to the GNCU Loan as a result of New Rise Reno’s failure to make required minimum monthly payments. The letter also demands that New Rise Reno and New Rise take immediate steps to bring the GNCU Loan current and to cure any and all other non-payment-related defaults that may exist, as well as a demand that New Rise Reno and New Rise provide evidence sufficient for GNCU to determine that it remains secure and that the prospect of repayment of the GNCU Loan has not been impaired by any material adverse change in New Rise Reno’s financial condition, or in the financial condition of New Rise, as a guarantor of the GNCU Loan. GNCU has demanded that the GNCU Loan be brought current, including payment of all late charges, no later than close of business on May 27, 2025. As of the dated of filing of this Annual Report, New Rise Reno has not made payment of all the amounts demanded. As of December 31, 2025, the amount required to bring the GNCU Loan current is approximately $29,000,000, inclusive of principal and interest, excluding approximately $2,700,000 of penalties/late charges.

GNCU’s rights and remedies in connection with an event of default include acceleration of the unpaid principal amount of the GNCU Loan, and/or possession, control, sale, and foreclosure on any collateral, including all rights and interests in and to the real property on which the SAF production facility is located (including any after-acquired fixtures, equipment and improvements to the production facility) under the terms of the Ground Lease by and between Twain, as the landlord, and New Rise, as the tenant, dated March 29, 2022, which is discussed below under “Twain Ground Lease.” GNCU would be obligated to obtain USDA approval in the event that GNCU seeks to exercise any rights it has under the GNCU Loan, including GNCU’s rights prescribed in the notes evidencing the GNCU Loan and related loan documents (including any attempt to foreclose or sell any collateral). The notes also permit GNCU to refrain from taking any action on anu of the notes, the collateral or any guarantee with the approval of USDA.

If GNCU pursues one or more of its available remedies under the GNCU Loan, the notes and related loan documents and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno, New Rise or XCF to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the GNCU Loan, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of GNCU taking possession of the facility and/or our assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the New Rise Reno production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of defaults under the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease could make it more difficult to us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

XCF is in active discussions with GNCU to resolve the matters addressed in GNCU’s notice to New Rise Reno, including the possibility of a potential forbearance or modified loan payment schedule while XCF seeks and secures financing and ramps-up SAF production so as to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to be able to make payments under the GNCU Loan, including any past due loan payments and penalties. As of the date of this filing, XCF has made minimal monthly payments to GNCU as a gesture to provide XCF temporary relief until the New Rise Reno facility is upgraded in the second quarter of 2026. However, XCF is actively evaluating financing alternatives with other financial institutions and investors that would allow the re- financing of the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease payments (as discussed below). There can be no assurance that we will be able to reach agreement with GNCU or Twain to resolve these matters on acceptable terms, or at all, or obtain sufficient financing to allow us to re-finance the GNCU Loan and Ground Lease payments and also execute our business plan.

Twain Ground Lease

New Rise Reno leases the land on which the New Rise Reno production facility is located pursuant to a ground lease evidenced by the Ground Lease effective as of March 29, 2022 between Twain, as the landlord and New Rise Reno, as the tenant. Pursuant to the Ground Lease, New Rise Reno is obligated to pay Twain base and supplemental rent quarterly in amounts set forth therein. The land was acquired by Twain from New Rise Reno pursuant to the terms of a Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of March 29, 2022, by and between Twain, as the buyer and New Rise Reno, as the seller.

On April 18, 2025 and April 30, 2025, counsel to Twain provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that New Rise Reno is in default of the terms of the Ground Lease for its failure to make certain payments that are due and owing thereunder. In the notices, Twain sought immediate payment from New Rise Reno to cure the claimed default. These notices were in addition to prior correspondence directed to New Rise Reno from counsel on behalf of Twain dated December 7, 2023 and June 21, 2024, also asserting to certain defaults under the Ground Lease relating to failures to make required payments. The April 18, 2025 notice demanded payment by April 28, 2025 and the April 30, 2025 notice demanded immediate payment. As of the date of filing of this Annual Report, New Rise Reno has made minimal monthly payments to Twain as a gesture to provide XCF temporary relief until the New Rise Reno facility is upgraded in the second quarter of 2026..

Twain’s remedies in the case of an event to default under the Ground Lease include the right to terminate the lease, the right to bring an action to recover the amount of all unpaid rent earned as of the date of termination or in the amount of all unpaid rent for the balance of the term of the lease, and to seek any other amount necessary to compensate Twain for New Rise Reno’s failure to perform its obligations under the Ground Lease. Twain’s available remedies also include the right to take possession of, operate, and/or relet the premises. As discussed above regarding the GNCU Loan, Twain’s secured interests are subordinate to those of GNCU. If Twain were to exercise its possessory or foreclosure remedies under the Ground Lease, it would need to seek approval from and coordinate with GNCU, which in turn would need to consult with USDA. Alternatively, Twain could file a legal action against New Rise Reno, seeking all unpaid rent and damages.

If Twain pursues one or more of its available remedies under the Ground Lease and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or XCF to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the Ground Lease, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of Twain taking possession of the facility and/or our assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of defaults under the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease could make it more difficult to us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

XCF is in active discussions with Twain to resolve the matters addressed in Twain’s notices to New Rise Reno, including the possibility of a potential forbearance or modified lease payment schedule while XCF seeks and secures financing and ramps-up SAF production so as to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to be able to make payments under the Ground Lease, including any past due lease payments and penalties. As discussed above with respect to the GNCU Loan, XCF is actively evaluating financing alternatives with other financial institutions and investors that would allow the re-financing of the GNCU Loan and the Ground Lease payments. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to reach agreement with GNCU or Twain to resolve these matters on acceptable terms, or at all, or obtain sufficient financing to allow us to re-finance the GNCU Loan and Ground Lease payments and also execute our business plan.

Polaris

In March 2024, Polaris Processing, LLC (“Polaris”), which provided operations and maintenance services to New Rise Reno, under an Operations and Maintenances Services Agreement dated May 10, 2022 (the “Services Agreement”), filed an arbitration demand against New Rise Reno due to New Rise Reno’s failure to timely pay invoices and for hiring employees who were subject to the Services Agreement’s non-solicitation provision. In April 2024, Polaris and New Rise Reno settled the disputes and as settlement, New Rise Reno agreed to pay a lump sum settlement to Polaris in the amount of $1.70 million. Subsequent to the settlement, New Rise Reno made all payments through its law firm for settlement of the outstanding amount. In September 2024, New Rise Reno was informed that approximately $0.95 million in payments had not been received by Polaris and remained outstanding. Upon further investigation, New Rise Reno was informed by their legal counsel that wire instruction information provided by their legal counsel was incorrect and compromised as a result of a hack of the legal counsel’s computer system. New Rise Reno’s counsel is in the process of filing insurance claims to cover the payment; however New Rise Reno remains liable for the outstanding payment that remains due to Polaris. On October 11, 2024, Polaris filed a subsequent complaint against New Rise Reno requesting summary judgment on the remaining amount due. No amount has been recorded on New Rise Reno’s balance sheet as it expects to be fully reimbursed by its legal counsel for this matter. However, we cannot assure you that such reimbursement shall take place.

Human Resources & Social Responsibility

Employees

Our ability to attract and retain top talent is both a strategic advantage for the Company and a significant determinant of our success. As of December 31, 2025, XCF, including New Rise Renewables, had a total of approximately 53 employees. We also occasionally engage independent contractors to supplement our permanent workforce. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by collective bargaining agreements, and we have not experienced any work stoppages.

Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

XCF is committed to Diversity, Equity and Inclusion. As a company that operates on a global scale, we work with a diverse array of colleagues, customers, and communities. To maintain this environment, we fully observe all federal, state, and local laws regarding workplace discrimination, harassment, and unlawful retaliation.

Health & Safety

The well-being of our employees, contractors, and surrounding communities are of the utmost importance to us. First and foremost, we recognize the value of human life, and prioritize the health and safety of people. We know that for our business to thrive, our employees and customers must be able to trust that the work environment and product are safe. Any health and safety incident involving biofuels may lead to restrictions on the industry, which could result in difficulties obtaining permits and buyers. To mitigate this risk, we implement and maintain policies, practices, and controls of the highest caliber to ensure we are not merely in compliance with health and safety regulations, but actively pursuing the safest business possible.

Available Information

Our website is https://www.xcf.global. On our website we make available at no cost our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish them to, the SEC. The information contained on our website is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below before making an investment decision in our securities. These risk factors are effective as of the date of this Form 10-K and shall be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained in our future filings modifies or replaces such statement. All of these risks may impair our business operations. The forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K involve risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from the results we discuss in the forward-looking statements. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risk Factor Summary

The below summary of risk factors provides an overview of many of the risks we are exposed to in the normal course of our business activities. As a result, the below summary risks do not contain all of the information that may be important to you, and you should read the summary risks together with the more detailed discussion of risks set forth following this section as well as elsewhere in this Annual Report. Additional risks, beyond those summarized below or discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report, may apply to our activities or operations as currently conducted or as we may conduct them in the future or in the markets in which we operate or may in the future operate. Consistent with the foregoing, we are exposed to a variety of risks, including risks associated with the following:

Risks Related to the Helena ELOC

It is not possible to predict the actual number shares of our common stock, if any, we will sell under the ELOC Agreement to Helena or the gross proceeds we will receive from such sales.

We generally have the right to control the timing and amount of any sales of our common stock to Helena under the ELOC Agreement. Sales of our common stock, if any, to Helena under the ELOC Agreement will depend upon market conditions and other factors to be determined by us.

Because the purchase price per share of our common stock to be paid by Helena will fluctuate based on the market price of our common stock at the time we elect to sell our common stock, if any, to Helena pursuant to the ELOC Agreement, it is not possible for us to predict prior to any such sales the number of our common stock that we will sell to under the ELOC Agreement, the purchase price per share that Helena will pay for our common stock purchased from us under the Purchase Agreement, or the aggregate gross proceeds that we will receive from those purchases by Helena under the ELOC Agreement. The number of shares of common stock ultimately offered for resale by Helena is dependent upon the number of shares of our common stock, if any, we ultimately elect to sell to Helena under the ELOC Agreement. However, even if we elect to sell our common stock to Helena pursuant to the ELOC Agreement, Helena may resell all, some or none of such shares at any time or from time to time in its sole discretion and at different prices.

Any issuance and sale by us under the ELOC Agreement, or the resale by Helena under the Helena Registration Statement of a substantial amount of our common stock will cause additional dilution to our shareholders, which dilution may be substantial. The number of shares of common stock ultimately offered for sale by Helena is dependent upon the number of shares of common stock, if any, we ultimately sell to Helena under the ELOC Agreement.

The sale and issuance of our common stock to Helena will cause dilution to our existing securityholders, and the resale of our common stock acquired by Helena, or the perception that such resales may occur, could cause the price of our common stock to decrease.

The purchase price per share of our common stock to be paid by Helena for our common stock that we may elect to sell to Helena under the ELOC Agreement, if any, will fluctuate based on the market prices of our common stock at the time we elect to sell our common stock to Helena pursuant to the ELOC Agreement. Depending on market liquidity at the time, resales of such our common stock by Helena may cause the trading price of our common stock to decrease, and any such decrease could be substantial.

If and when we elect to sell our common stock to Helena, sales of newly issued common stock by us to Helena will result in dilution to the interests of existing holders of our common stock, which dilution may be substantial. Additionally, the sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock to Helena, or the anticipation of such sales, could make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price that we might otherwise wish to effect sales.

We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds we receive from the sale of shares to Helena and may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the proceeds we receive from Helena and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether our management is using the proceeds appropriately. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of our proceeds from Helena under the ELOC Agreement, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business and cause the price of our common stock to decline.

Risks Relating to Our Operations, Business and Industry

We have not obtained sufficient funding to execute our business plan and will need to raise substantial additional funding to meet our financial obligations and fund our operations and business plan; we cannot assure you that such funding will be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. In addition, we have identified conditions that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Implementing our business plan and meeting our current and anticipated financial obligations will require us to obtain sufficient financing. As of the date of this filing, we have not yet secured sufficient financing to fund either the near-term or long-term implementation of our business plan or meet all of our current financial obligations. If we are unable to obtain sufficient financing for these needs, we may be limited in our ability to implement our business plan in a timely manner or may need to delay or modify certain important elements of our plan, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. We cannot assure you that sufficient financing will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all.

If we are successful in raising additional funds by issuing equity securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result, and such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our Class A common stock. If we are able to secure debt financing, the terms of any debt arrangements may include restrictive covenants or other terms that may impose burdens on our ability to operate.

Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2025, on a consolidated basis, totaled $154,937. Based on our losses to date and limited cash resources, our management has identified substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise sufficient funds to pay ongoing operating expenditures and meet financial obligations over the next twelve months. Other than financing available under the ELOC Agreement and funding by EEME on the announced acquisition of DevvStream & Southern Energy, we have no ongoing commitment from any source of capital to provide financing to us in the future, and such available financing is not expected to be sufficient, either on its own or along with cash flow generated from our operations, to fund our operations, existing commitments and implementation of our business plan.

The substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern could limit our ability to obtain additional financing. In addition, the perception that we may not be able to continue as a going concern may also make it more difficult to operate our business due to concerns about our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to meet our and their contractual obligations.

If we are unable to continue as a going concern, either we, or our subsidiaries, or both may be forced to liquidate assets and the values received in a liquidation or dissolution could be significantly lower than the values reflected in our financial statements. The financial statements included herein do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects of the recoverability and classification of assets that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty and have been prepared on a basis that assumes that we will continue as a going concern, as described in the notes to the financial statements included elsewhere herein.

Our New Rise Reno production facility was recently converted to produce SAF and has experienced production issues in both renewable diesel and SAF production that we are working to resolve, therefore no SAF or renewable diesel is being produced at the New Rise Reno at this time. We currently expect SAF production to resume as early as the second quarter of 2026, although we cannot guarantee when SAF production will resume, or when or whether the Reno production facility will be able to operate at full capacity. Any delay beyond the second quarter of 2026 in our ability to resume SAF production and/or any delay in our ability in reaching or sustaining full capacity for SAF or renewable diesel production will adversely affect our revenues and profitability.

Our current production facility in Reno, Nevada was converted to SAF production in October 2024 and began initial production of SAF and renewable naphtha (a byproduct in SAF production) in February 2025. First deliveries of neat SAF and renewable naphtha produced at New Rise Reno began in March 2025 under our existing Supply and Offtake Agreement with Phillips 66 (the “P66 Agreement”). From April through the end of December 2025, New Rise Reno produced, in aggregate, approximately 5.8 million gallons of neat SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha.

During the initial phase of production ramp-up of SAF, the Reno production facility operated at approximately 50% capacity for SAF. Our New Rise Reno team has been reviewing the catalyst processing for SAF to meet nameplate capacity. While ramp-up processes are being undertaken and until final plant acceptance, management has made the determination to temporarily produce renewable diesel which can be achieved at approximately 2,000 barrels per day, which is approximately 20% below nameplate capacity, and without any additional modifications to the facility. New Rise Reno has sold and is expected to continue selling the renewable diesel to Phillips 66 under the P66 Agreement.

Since the initial production of renewable diesel, our Reno production facility has experienced repeated maintenance-related downtime that has required additional maintenance capital expenditures and other unanticipated operating expenses. These disruptions have limited our ability to operate at expected levels and delayed our efforts to achieve full production capacity. Although management has taken steps to address these issues, there can be no assurance as to when or whether the Reno facility will consistently operate at or near 100% production capacity for renewable diesel. Continued downtime, additional maintenance requirements, or the inability to achieve stable full-capacity operations could materially and adversely affect our revenues, profitability, and liquidity.

We currently expect to resume SAF production as early as the second quarter of 2026, although we cannot assure you when SAF production will resume, and when it does resume, when or whether the Reno production facility will be able to produce SAF at full capacity. Any delay beyond the second quarter of 2026 in our ability to resume SAF production and/or any delay in our ability to operate the Reno production facility at full nameplate capacity for SAF production will adversely affect our revenues and profitability.

We currently plan to construct additional renewable fuels production and/or SAF-related infrastructure facilities in Nevada, Florida and North Carolina. If construction of additional production facilities is delayed or any of the production facilities do not perform as we expect once construction has been completed and commercial production has begun, our business and prospects will suffer.

Our growth plan includes the construction of New Rise Reno 2, an additional SAF production facility in Reno, adjacent to our existing New Rise Reno facility, and may include further build-out and reconstruction of our acquired production facilities in Fort Myers, Florida (“Fort Myers”) and Wilson, North Carolina (“Wilson”), to produce SAF, renewable fuels and/or associated SAF-related infrastructure.

The completion of these projects will require significant additional funding that may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. In addition, if adequate funding is available, completion of these projects are subject to risks typically associated with large capital projects, including the need to identify and contract with capable engineering and construction firms and obtain necessary regulatory approvals and permits, and the risks of unanticipated cost overruns or delays in project completion due to increases in costs of construction materials, labor and other expenses, delays resulting from supply chain disruptions, permitting, severe weather, natural disasters, work stoppages or labor disputes, and similar factors. New Rise Reno 2 is anticipated to have estimated construction costs of $300,000,000 and will take approximately 28 months to complete from the date construction commences. We anticipate beginning construction in 2026 with SAF production to begin around 2028. The Company currently owns dormant biodiesel plants located in Fort Myers, Florida and Wilson, North Carolina that it intends to further build-out and reconstruct to SAF, renewable fuels and/or associated SAF-related infrastructure. If both Fort Myers and Wilson are reconstructed to produce SAF, it is expected to take approximately 36 months to complete from the date construction commences with anticipated construction costs of approximately $350,000,000 per site. We have not yet identified financing for construction of these additional sites, but anticipate financing these construction projects through both debt and equity financing in the future. Once completed, the ability of these facilities to meet our performance expectations is subject to the risks inherent in converted and newly-constructed production facilities, including failure of the facilities to meet permitting or health and safety standards and failure of the facilities to produce a SAF product to our specifications. In addition, the additional financial contribution we expect from these additional production facilities, once they are brought online, is based on assumptions and estimates made without the benefit of any operating history for these facilities producing commercial quantities of SAF.

If we are unable to complete these projects at their expected costs or in a timely manner, or if these facilities fail to perform as we expect once they are completed, our ability to generate revenue on our anticipated schedule and at the levels we expect will be impaired and our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. Further, if these additional facilities do not produce the anticipated financial contributions, our business and prospects will suffer.

If we are unable to resolve New Rise Reno’s dispute with its landlord with regard to its ground lease for the New Rise Reno production facility, and the landlord is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or us to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the ground lease, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of the landlord taking possession of the facility and/or the related assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the production facility.

Our existing New Rise Reno production facility is currently our only operating production facility and sole source of revenue from renewable fuels production, and New Rise Reno leases the land on which the New Rise Reno production facility is located pursuant to a ground lease. The landlord under the ground lease has provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that New Rise Reno is in default of the terms of the ground lease for its failure to make certain payments that are due and owing thereunder. The landlord’s remedies in the case of an event of default include, among other things, the right to terminate the ground lease, the right to bring an action to recover the amount of all unpaid rent earned as of the date of termination or in the amount of all unpaid rent for the balance of the term of the lease, and the right to take possession of, operate, and/or relet the premises.

If the landlord pursues one or more of its available remedies under the ground lease and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or us to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the ground lease, any one or combination of these events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of the landlord taking possession of the facility and/or related assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the New Rise Reno production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of a default under the ground lease could make it more difficult for us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

If we are unable to resolve New Rise Reno’s dispute with its primary lender with respect to loans outstanding that were used in the development of the New Rise Reno facility, and the lender is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or us to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe to the lender, such events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of the lender taking possession of the facility and/or the related assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the production facility.

Our existing New Rise Reno production facility is currently our only operating production facility and sole source of revenue from renewable fuels production. The New Rise Reno facility’s development was financed through bank loans, and the lender has provided notice to New Rise Reno asserting that New Rise Reno is in default of the terms of the loans for its failure to make certain payments that are due and owing thereunder.

By letter dated August 6, 2025 from counsel to the lender to New Rise Reno, the lender notified New Rise Reno of (1) additional events of default under the existing loan documents relating to the loan, (2) failure to timely cure the ongoing payment default by the deadline set forth in the demand to cure addressed to New Rise Reno dated March 3, 2025, and (3) the acceleration of the full unpaid balances of the loan pursuant to the lender’s rights under the loan documents. The acceleration notice indicated that the amount owing as of August 5, 2025, excluding applicable fees, costs, and penalties, is $130,671,882.10. Subsequent to the notification, our counsel and counsel for the lender engaged in discussions regarding the notification, and on August 27, 2025, we, on behalf of New Rise Reno, and the lender entered into a Pre-Negotiation Letter outlining the terms under which the parties would engage in discussions for the purpose of entering into letter agreements, meetings, conferences, and written communications with respect to the outstanding default notice and balance due to the lender. The Pre-Negotiation letter does not obligate any party to take any action with respect to the loan and the lender expressly reserved its rights under the loan documents.

On August 27, 2025, we, alongside New Rise Reno, received a notice from the lender withdrawing the August 6, 2025 notice of acceleration (the “Notice of Withdrawal”). Besides withdrawing the notice of acceleration, the Notice of Withdrawal specifies that the lender does not withdraw, modify, or waive the notice of additional events of default and failure to timely cure ongoing payment default set forth in the August 6, 2025 notice of acceleration, which conditions remain in effect. The lender also does not withdraw or modify the March 6, 2025 demand to cure.

The lender’s remedies in the case of an event of default include, among other things, include acceleration of the unpaid principal amount of the loans, and/or possession, control, sale, and foreclosure on any collateral, including all rights and interests in and to the real property on which the New Rise Reno production facility is located (including any after-acquired fixtures, equipment and improvements to the production facility).

If the lender pursues one or more of its available remedies under the loans and is successful in exercising its possessory or foreclosure remedies, or is successful in obtaining a judgment requiring New Rise Reno or us to pay penalties and damages in addition to amounts New Rise Reno may owe under the loans, any one or combination of these events would materially disrupt our operations and impair our ability to generate revenue, and, in the case of the lender taking possession of the facility and/or related assets, could result in a temporary or permanent cessation of our operations at the New Rise Reno production facility. Any of these results would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan. In addition, the existence of a default under the loans could make it more difficult to us to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all, which would materially impair our ability to execute our business plan.

We are involved in active discussions with the lender to resolve these matters, including the possibility of a potential forbearance or modified lease payment schedule while we seek and secure financing and ramp-up production so as to generate sufficient cash flows from operations to be able to make payments under the loans. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to reach agreement with the lender to resolve these matters on acceptable terms, or at all, or obtain sufficient financing to allow us to re-finance the loans and also execute our business plan.

Our management team does not have experience in the construction of SAF production facilities and has only limited experience in the operation of a renewable fuels business, and will depend on services provided by professional and skilled service providers and others in the renewable space.

As of the date of this Annual Report, our management team has managed the conversion of New Rise Reno to SAF production but has not managed the construction or conversion of additional renewable fuel production facilities, including facilities producing SAF. On January 2, 2024, we entered into a contract with Encore DEC LLC, one of the EPC companies that was subcontracted to build New Rise Reno, to manage the conversion of the facility to SAF. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2024, New Rise Reno utilized a qualified service provider to provide operating and maintenance services. In the future, we may elect to use a service provider to provide operating and maintenance services at our additional production facilities when those facilities come online. Encore is a company 100% controlled by Randy Soule, who is our second largest stockholder. Although Encore has constructed fuel production facilities in the past and completed the conversion of the New Rise Reno production facility to SAF production, Encore has not constructed a new SAF production facility or converted other existing production facilities to SAF production. Accordingly, we cannot be certain that we will be able to produce SAF on our expected time schedule, or in an economic manner in commercial quantities or that we will be able to successfully manage the other key aspects of the business, including obtaining feedstocks, entering into offtake arrangements, managing customer and supplier relationships, managing environmental, health and safety matters and other aspects of a renewable fuel business. If we are unable to produce SAF economically on a commercial scale or in commercial volumes, or we are unable to manage other key aspects of our business, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects will be materially and adversely affected, which could significantly reduce the value of our securities.

Our LOIs and MOUs may not result in definitive agreements, commercial projects, or revenue.

We frequently enter into non-binding letters of intent (“LOIs”), memoranda of understanding (“MOUs”), framework agreements, and other preliminary arrangements with prospective acquisition targets, partners, customers, and licensees. These arrangements are typically exploratory in nature and are subject to the negotiation and execution of definitive agreements, completion of due diligence, internal approvals by the counterparty, regulatory or permitting processes, financing availability, and other conditions outside our control. To date, several of the LOIs and MOUs we have announced have not yet resulted in definitive agreements, and there can be no assurance that any current or future preliminary arrangements will progress to binding contracts or commercial deployment.

Because these preliminary agreements are non-binding, counterparties may unilaterally discontinue discussions, change strategic priorities, or elect to pursue similar projects with other partners. If LOIs or MOUs do not advance to definitive agreements or commercial operations, we may not realize the expected benefits of these potential projects, including anticipated licensing revenue, offtake opportunities, equity participation, or regional expansion. We also have entered into certain binding LOIs and MOUs that, although they include terms that are binding on us and the counterparties, anticipate that definitive agreements further defining the rights, responsibilities and obligations of the parties will be negotiated and executed. Those definitive agreements may include terms and conditions that may impact the value to us of the initial agreements as expressed in the binding LOIs and MOUs. Frequent announcements of preliminary agreements that do not ultimately close may create expectations among investors and other stakeholders that we are unable to meet, which could negatively impact our reputation, our ability to secure future partnerships, and the market price of our common stock.

Our financial results are largely affected by the relationship, or margin, between the prices at which we sell renewable diesel and SAF and the prices of feedstocks used in manufacturing renewable diesel and SAF.

The cost of feedstocks and the prices at which we can ultimately sell renewable diesel and SAF depend on numerous factors beyond our control, including supply and demand, which are subject to, among other things, production levels, competition, industry acceptance and use of renewable diesel and SAF, economic factors impacting end-users of renewable diesel and SAF, and governmental policies and regulation. The prices for feedstocks can fluctuate based on global, regional and local market conditions, and the prices of some of these feedstocks can be cyclical and volatile which can reduce margins and have a significant impact on our revenues, operating income and cash flows. We do not produce our own feedstocks and must purchase all of the feedstocks we require to produce renewable diesel and SAF.

On May 23, 2017, New Rise Reno entered into the P66 Agreement whereby Phillips 66 would sell to New Rise Reno 100% of the feedstocks required for the production of renewable diesel at the New Rise Reno facility and purchase from New Rise Reno 100% of the renewable diesel produced at the facility, in both cases which is expected to be approximately 2,000 barrels per day; renewable diesel is a biofuel that is chemically equivalent to petroleum diesel and can be used as a “drop-in fuel” which means it can be used in existing diesel engines without the need for modification. Under terms of the agreement, feedstock is supplied to New Rise Reno at spot pricing plus transportation, terminal, and logistics expenses plus a per gallon fixed fee. For the sale of renewable diesel, Phillips 66 purchases 100% of the renewable diesel at a price per gallon based on current index prices for renewable diesel and other tax-based credits.

In May 2024, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 entered into an addendum to the P66 Agreement, with an initial term of five years from the commencement date of September 1, 2024, that extends the supply and offtake agreement to include feedstocks for renewable products and the sale of renewable products produced by New Rise Reno to Phillips 66. Under the amended terms of the agreement, the terms of the feedstock price remain unchanged to the original agreement and P66 will charge New Rise Reno for transportation and logistics costs, and terminal, storage, blending and distribution fees to bring the renewable products to market. At the end of the initial five-year term, the agreement shall automatically renew for two successive additional periods of five years, unless otherwise terminated according to the terms, bringing the total duration of the agreement to a potential term of 15 years. On October 1, 2025, New Rise Reno and Phillips 66 entered into an amendment whereby New Rise Reno will no longer pay for the feedstock at the time of delivery. Phillips 66 will consign the feedstock to new Rise Reno by delivering it into the tanks of New Rise Reno. Phillips 66 retains the right to have the feedstock reloaded onto railcars for delivery to another location of Phillips 66 choosing. New Rise
Reno does not own the feedstock but bears the risk of loss should the material be damaged or destroyed. At present, this is the only supply and offtake agreement for our current or planned production facilities. Other than the P66 Agreement, XCF and New Rise Reno do not have other feedstock supply or SAF off-take agreements in place.

As a result, we cannot control the cost of these feedstocks, and we could underestimate feedstock pricing and volume requirements. These uncertainties could significantly affect our costs and our gross margin. We currently have an agreement with a third party to supply all of our non-food feedstocks for our New Rise Reno facility, and while that agreement helps ensure the availability of feedstocks, the price we pay is based on a mark-up of the spot price paid by the supplier to acquire the feedstocks. Although we believe that our production process can work with multiple types of feedstocks in the event that prices of specific feedstocks fluctuate, we have not produced SAF using non-food feedstocks and cannot guarantee that feedstocks are interchangeable for the production of SAF without requiring significant alterations to our production processes. As part of our business plan, we intend to try to mitigate these risks by vertically integrating our feedstock supply chain. However, until we are able to implement this intended vertical integration, we will be subject to these, and other risks associated with obtaining feedstock from third parties. In addition, we may not be able to implement the intended vertical integration or implement it to a degree where we are no longer substantially dependent on outside sources of feedstock supply.

Our revenues and financial results will be largely affected by the prices at which we sell SAF, and volatility in the market price for SAF could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

SAF is intended to replace or be mixed with petroleum-based conventional jet aviation fuel. Conventional jet aviation fuel is a commodity product produced by many companies, and its pricing is largely determined in the commodities markets, with readily observable pricing. In addition, prices of conventional jet fuel have been subject to fluctuations over time, some of which have been significant. SAF is a newer jet aviation fuel for which there is no established commodities market and, accordingly, pricing of SAF is currently opaque. If we are unable to sell SAF at a premium to the price of conventional jet aviation fuel, or if the price at which we are able to sell SAF is subject to volatility that reduces our margins, then our revenues and profitability will likely be negatively affected.

The price of our SAF product relative to the price of petroleum-based conventional jet aviation fuel may affect our revenues and profitability.

Our revenue and profitability forecasts include, among other things, assumptions regarding the price at which our SAF product will be sold and our cost of feedstocks used in the production of SAF. Although we believe the aviation industry is committed to using SAF in addition to petroleum-based conventional jet aviation fuel, and government programs and concerns about the environmental impact of the use of conventional jet aviation fuel will encourage or possibly mandate SAF use, the price of SAF relative to the price of conventional jet aviation fuel will likely affect end-users’ willingness to purchase SAF at prices and in quantities that are consistent with our expectations.

As the SAF market is relatively new, well-established publicly available benchmarks and indices relating to current or historical SAF pricing are not yet readily accessible. Further, to date, there is no derivatives market which could imply the price of SAF at any date in the future. Due to the lack of observable market inputs, we have taken a more active approach to price discovery. Our assumptions regarding the price of SAF are primarily based on conversations with other market participants, including airlines and commercial aviation groups. While we utilize inputs from these market participants, we also test pricing levels through negotiations with potential buyers of the SAF we plan to produce. We believe that SAF currently and historically has sold at a premium to conventional jet fuel due to the higher cost of production, as well as the measurable value of the sustainability attributes of the fuel, also referred to as the “green premium.”

Our cost of production is driven by the cost of feedstocks. The hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (“HEFA”) pathway, the production method in place at New Rise Reno, uses certain fats, oils, and greases as feedstocks which, as per the spot commodity markets, are more expensive than conventional jet fuel. The HEFA pathway is a process for refining vegetable oils, waste oils, or fats into SAF through hydroprocessing, which removes sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metals from the feedstock. As long as SAF production relies on these feedstocks, we believe the price differential between SAF and conventional jet fuel will continue. Demand for the sustainability attributes of the fuel has increased in part from corporate sustainability goals for reducing greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions. As each unit of SAF represents a reduction in GHG or CO2 relative to conventional jet fuel, use of SAF can generate measurable progress towards achieving such sustainability goals. As long as there is demand for sustainability, we believe the “green premium” will persist and will continue to support a higher selling price for SAF.

If there are decreases in the price of traditional petroleum-based jet aviation fuel or the value ascribed to sustainability or environmental attributes related to SAF decrease, we may be required to reduce our SAF prices to remain competitive in the marketplace which may negatively impact our profitability.

If the availability of the feedstocks that will be used in our renewable diesel and SAF production declines or competition for those feedstocks increases, we may experience delayed or reduced production or be required to attempt to raise the prices of our renewable diesel and SAF product, either of which could reduce the demand for our renewable diesel and SAF products and our revenues.

Production of our renewable diesel and SAF product will require large volumes of feedstocks. We cannot predict the future availability of any of the types of feedstocks we intend to use in the production of renewable diesel and SAF necessary to produce products using our process technologies. We may rely on a feedstock supply chain that involves both domestic and international sources, where, in many instances, feedstock may need to be transported a significant distance to reach our production facilities. As a result, our feedstock supply chain may be subject to a variety of potential disruptions, including freight handling and logistics failures, labor shortages or disruptions, adverse weather conditions, natural disasters and road, rail and other infrastructure failures. Although we intend to develop a diverse pool of feedstock suppliers to attempt to mitigate these risks, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in doing so or that the use of multiple feedstock suppliers will sufficiently mitigate these risks. The supply of feedstocks also might be impacted by other factors, including increased competition from other users of feedstocks producing renewable fuels or using these feedstocks for other purposes, increases in the number of renewable diesel and SAF producers or the volume of renewable diesel and SAF being produced by current producers or government policies and subsidies. The number of renewable fuels production facilities that are currently in production or in the planning or construction phase continues to increase. As more plants are developed and go into production, and as more existing plants expand their production capacities, there may not be an adequate supply of feedstock to satisfy demand. Declines in the availability of the types of feedstocks we intend to use to produce renewable diesel and SAF could cause delays, reductions in production, or increases in costs. These effects would result in reduced revenue and margin, and could also make it necessary for us to try to increase the price of our renewable diesel and SAF product in order to maintain or increase our margin, which could reduce demand for our renewable diesel and SAF product if customers are unwilling to pay the higher price. We believe that there is little or no correlation between the cost of feedstock and the market price of renewable diesel and SAF and, therefore, we do not think it is likely that we will be able to pass along increased feedstock costs to our customers in most cases. Under the P66 Agreement, Phillips 66 will provide us with all of our feedstock requirements for New Rise Reno. Although that arrangement reduces some of our feedstock supply risk, we are subject to the risk that our supplier does not meet its contractual obligations or that the pricing terms of the contract adversely affect our margins. In addition, that agreement applies only to our existing New Rise Reno production facility, and we will need to arrange for other sources of feedstock supply when we bring additional renewable diesel and SAF production facilities online.

Currently, the P66 Agreement includes the obligation for Phillips 66 to provide and New Rise Reno to purchase 100% of the feedstocks required for the production of renewable diesel and SAF at the New Rise Reno facility. In addition to securing feedstock from Phillips 66, our business plan anticipates that we will vertically integrate our feedstock supply chain in an attempt to manage both the availability and the cost of feedstocks in the future. However, until we are able to implement the intended vertical integration, we will be subject to these and other risks associated with obtaining feedstock from third parties such as Phillips 66, and our efforts to vertically integrate may not be successful.

We are currently dependent on one counterparty for all of our feedstock requirements and for the purchase of all of the renewable diesel and SAF we produce. Although we are pursuing feedstock supply and offtake arrangements with other counterparties to ensure that we have both adequate sources of feedstock and buyers for the renewable diesel and SAF we produce, if we are unable to enter into additional feedstock supply and offtake agreements, we may not achieve our expected revenue targets and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We currently have a supply and offtake agreement with Phillips 66 through which Phillips 66 has agreed to supply all of our non-food feedstock for our existing New Rise Reno production facility. We intend to purchase 100% of the feedstock for the New Rise Reno facility from Phillips 66 until we are able to identify additional sources of feedstock. At present, we do not have any other suppliers of feedstock for any of its current or future facilities. Under the terms of the agreement, Phillips 66 is obligated to purchase 100% of the SAF or renewable diesel production from our existing New Rise Reno facility. In addition, we are in the process of pursuing feedstock supply and offtake arrangements with other potential counterparties in an effort to ensure adequate sources of feedstock and the purchase of all or substantially all of our renewable diesel and SAF production from New Rise Reno on terms favorable to us. Counterparties may also require us to provide prepayments, letters of credit, or other credit support, which could increase our costs and constrain liquidity, or may lack the ability to provide. While we have had discussions with a number of potential counterparties, we have not yet entered into definitive offtake agreements. If we are unable to secure supply agreements that ensure that all of our feedstock needs are met or offtake agreements for the purchase of all or substantially all of our renewable diesel and SAF production from New Rise Reno, or if we are able to secure such agreements but the counterparties fail to meet their obligations, we may not achieve our expected revenue targets. If this happens, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

In addition, we will need to enter into additional feedstock supply and offtake agreements for the SAF to be produced at New Rise Reno 2, Fort Myers, Wilson and any other facilities we build or acquire in the future. If we are unable to secure supply agreements that ensure that all of our feedstock needs are met or offtake agreements for the purchase of all or substantially all of our SAF produced at those additional facilities, or if we are able to secure such agreements but the counterparties fail to meet their obligations, we may not achieve our expected revenue targets and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We currently utilize a domestic feedstock sourcing strategy, relying on low carbon triglyceride feedstocks (such as distillers corn oil and soybean oil) to produce SAF, renewable diesel, and renewable naphtha at its New Rise Reno facility.

The current source of our feedstocks includes domestic sourcing subjecting the Company to key operational risks, including:

Any inability to secure sufficient feedstock at competitive prices, or disruptions to the supply chain, could materially impair our operational efficiency, margin profile, and overall financial performance.

Our SAF production process depends, in part, on technology that is licensed to us. We do not control this technology, and any loss of our rights to use this technology would adversely affect our ability to produce SAF.

New Rise Reno and Axens North America Inc. (“Axens”) are parties to license agreement through which New Rise Reno received the non-exclusive right to utilize Axens’ liquid full hydrotreating technology. This technology is instrumental in the hydrotreating of feedstocks, a set of operations that remove sulfur and other impurities, to produce SAF and biofuels. In addition to the technology license, Axens has given us a performance guarantee agreement with respect to its technology. We intend to utilize the same Axens technology at future production sites. We rely on the licensed Axens technology in a key part of the process of producing SAF. We do not own or control this technology, nor do we have any rights in the intellectual property underlying the licensed technology. Our rights to use the technology we license are subject to the continuation of the license and our compliance with the terms of the license. Our license agreement includes provisions allowing Axens to terminate the license under certain circumstances, and any termination of the license would materially and adversely affect our ability to produce SAF. In addition, our rights to use Axens’ technology is subject to the validity of Axens’ intellectual property rights. Any legal challenge to Axens’ rights to its intellectual property could prevent Axens from continuing to license to us the technology that we need to operate our business.

The license agreement calls for a one-time license fee of $1,050,000, consisting of a project closing fee of $200,000, a project acceptance fee of $200,000 (dues on project acceptance, not to exceed four years after the effective date of the agreement (December 29, 2020)), a $350,000 payment after one year of operation following the acceptance date, a $200,000 payment after two years of operation following the acceptance date, and a $100,000 payment after three years of operation following the acceptance date. Under terms of the agreement, project acceptance is defined as the date that Axens has completed its performance tests, which includes inspection of the Axens unit to check conformity with the process design and reactor inspection. In addition, acceptance will be confirmed with an acceptance certificate issued between New Rise and Axens. To date, a total of $200,000 has been paid as part of the license agreement and acceptance criteria has not yet been met. The license agreement does not require any royalties to be paid to Axens. The license to use the Axens technology and process is effective so long as New Rise Reno continues to utilize the Axens process and the related hydrotreating equipment. The license agreement is non-transferable except that it may be assigned to an affiliate or successor of the assigning party upon mutual written consent. Axens has the right to terminate the license agreement in the event of uncured breaches of the agreement, including failures to make payment, use of Axens’ intellectual property outside of the scope of the license and breaches of confidentiality obligations.

Our revenues and financial results will depend on the continued adoption and use of SAF by airlines.

SAF is a relatively new product and therefore is in the process of being adopted for use by airlines worldwide as an alternative to fossil fuels for the purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions (“GHG”). Airlines currently utilize blended SAF at ratios between 90/10 to 70/30 (Jet-A : neat SAF), with a maximum blend ratio of 50/50 (Jet-A : neat SAF). Airlines can incorporate SAF into their fuel purchasing program without the need to modify existing aircraft engines or fueling infrastructure. According to the Net Zero 2050: Sustainable Aviation Fuels Fact Sheet published by the International Air Transport Association (“IATA”) in May 2024, certain governmental and non-governmental organizations and certain airlines have set targets or have announced goals for SAF usage. Although these programs may increase the adoption and use of SAF by airlines, if airlines elect to cease or slow their adoption of SAF for any reason, then the demand for SAF will likely decline. Such a decline would reduce our revenues and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

If SAF turns out to be incompatible with or ineffective for existing aircraft, then demand for SAF could be reduced.

When blended with conventional jet aviation fuel, SAF is intended to be a “drop-in fuel,” meant to be used in existing aircraft engines and fueling infrastructure without the need for modification. However, the aviation industry has not yet universally adopted SAF as a jet fuel for everyday use, due in part to potential concerns about its effectiveness and compatibility with existing aircraft. Airlines have concerns that the use of SAF in their existing equipment could affect the functionality and therefore the safe operation of aircraft. In addition, concerns have been expressed that the use of SAF could cause corrosion in airline engines or void manufacturer warranties. While we believe that our SAF product is safe for use as a jet fuel, any safety incident or degradation of aircraft using SAF could damage the entire SAF industry and lead to a significant reduction in demand for SAF. Such a reduction in demand would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.

We will be required to expend significant amounts for capital outlays and operating expenditures to operate our facilities. If we are unable to complete capital projects at their expected costs or in a timely manner, or if the market conditions assumed in our project economics deteriorate, our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

Once our facilities begin production, they may require unscheduled or scheduled downtime for unanticipated or anticipated maintenance or repairs that are more frequent or more costly than our estimates of turnaround time and related expense for such maintenance or repairs. This is particularly true during initial ramp-up periods, when production systems are being optimized for commercial-scale operations. For example, New Rise Reno has already experienced certain periods of reduced throughput and downtime typical of commissioning and early-stage operations. While such early interruptions are not uncommon in production facilities, they can impact near-term production and cash flow.

Although we budget and forecast scheduled downtime for our facilities, actual scheduled and unscheduled maintenance could reduce our revenues during the period of time that one or more of our facilities are not operating. The ramp-up of New Rise Reno to production of renewable diesel and SAF on a commercial scale, the construction of New Rise Reno 2, the further build-out and reconstruction of the Fort Myers and Wilson production facilities and the construction or SAF conversion of additional facilities we build or acquire in the future, and the operation of those facilities as they come online involve significant uncertainties, including:

Any one or more of the above could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In addition, delays in making required changes or upgrades to, or in performing proper maintenance of, our production facilities, could subject us to fines or penalties as well as affect our ability to maintain production at profitable levels. Further, we anticipate acquiring and modifying other existing production facilities and possibly constructing new production facilities. Once those additional facilities begin production, they will be subject to similar risks.

Our failure to accurately forecast demand for our SAF product could result in unexpected shortfalls or surpluses that could negatively affect our results of operations.

Our business plan anticipates that one of the ways we will grow our business is through a combination of constructing new production facilities and converting existing production facilities that we acquire to SAF production. Because of the length of time it takes to construct new production facilities and upgrade existing production facilities so that they can produce SAF, we must make decisions regarding new construction, acquisitions and production facilities upgrades well in advance of commercial production and sale of our SAF product from those facilities. As a result, our ability to accurately forecast demand for our SAF product will be a critical factor in the success of our growth plans. Our ability to accurately forecast demand can be adversely affected by a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including actions by our competitors, changes in market conditions, changes in government policies, environmental factors and adverse weather conditions. A shortfall or surplus in the supply of our SAF product may reduce our revenues, result in under-committing or overcommitting capital resources, damage our reputation and otherwise harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Competitiveness of our SAF product for aviation fuel use benefits in part from government economic incentives for renewable energy projects or other related policies that could change.

The competitiveness of our SAF product for aviation fuel use will benefit, in part, from federal, state and local government incentives, including but not limited to RINs, LCFS credits in California and BTC, and other incentives to end users, distributors and manufacturers of renewable energy products, which promote the use of renewable energy. These government economic incentives could be reduced or eliminated altogether, or the categories of renewable energy qualifying for such government economic incentives could be changed. These renewable energy program incentives are subject to regulatory oversight and could be administratively or legislatively changed in a manner that could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Reductions in, changes to, or eliminations or expirations of governmental incentives could result in decreased demand for, and lower revenues from, our SAF product. Further, our ability to generate revenue from the various government economic incentives depends on our strict compliance with the applicable federal and state programs, which are complex and can involve a significant degree of judgment. If the agencies that administer and enforce these programs disagree with our judgments, otherwise determine that we are not in compliance, conduct reviews of our activities or make changes to the programs, then our ability to generate revenue from the economic incentives could be temporarily restricted pending completion of reviews or as a penalty, permanently limited or lost entirely, and we could also be subject to fines or other sanctions.

In addition, we may be required to register our projects or qualify our products with the federal government, various states or other countries. Although we believe we possess the necessary registrations for our planned operation of New Rise Reno, any cancellation or revocation or inability to renew those registrations and any delays in obtaining additional registration or qualification of our projects or products if needed could delay future revenues and could adversely affect our cash flows. We may also be required to obtain additional registrations, qualifications or licenses relating to New Rise Reno 2, Fort Myers, Wilson or any other future production facility. Further, we may need to make significant investments in our projects prior to receiving all registrations and/or qualifications. Failure of our projects or products to qualify for government economic incentives could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Negative attitudes toward renewable energy projects from the U.S. government, other lawmakers and regulators, other energy industry participants, and activists could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Parties with an interest in energy sources, including lawmakers, regulators, policymakers, other energy industry participants, environmental and advocacy organizations or other activists may invest significant time and money in efforts to delay, repeal or otherwise negatively influence regulations and programs that promote renewable energy. Many of these parties have substantially greater resources and influence than we have. Further, changes in U.S. federal, state or local political, social or economic conditions, including a lack of legislative focus on or inefficiencies within such programs and regulations, could result in their modification, delayed adoption or repeal. Any failure to adopt, delay in implementing, expiration, repeal or modification of these programs and regulations, or the adoption of any programs or regulations that encourage the use of other energy sources over renewable energy, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, the current U.S. reliance on voluntary measures to incentivize SAF adoption may not be as competitive as compared to mandates introduced in the European Union which could result in domestic SAF production decreasing available supply and impacting the ability for U.S. airlines to adopt SAF.

Attitudes toward SAF from airlines, governments, non-governmental organizations and others could reduce the demand for SAF.

Several major airlines such as the member airlines of the oneworld Alliance have announced goals for adopting SAF for use in meeting their sustainability targets as it relates to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These goals were announced as a result of guidelines established by certain governments and non-governmental organizations, such as the SAF Grand Challenge in the United States, Fit for 55 in the European Union, and targets set by the International Air Transport Association (“IATA”). If these guidelines are scaled back, repealed, or are believed to be insufficient to support demand creation, then airlines may consider revising their own targets for SAF adoption and/or reduce their use of SAF. A change in sentiment and/or reduction in SAF usage would reduce the demand for our SAF product and negatively affect our revenues and financial results.

The construction of new production facilities and converting existing production facilities to produce SAF can take significant time to complete and expose us to a variety of risks that may negatively affect our business, results of operations and anticipated returns on those projects.

Our business plan anticipates that we will grow our business through a combination of constructing new production facilities and converting existing production facilities that we acquire to SAF production. The process of constructing new production facilities and acquiring and converting existing facilities, and integrating those facilities into our operations once construction or conversion has been completed, involves numerous business, regulatory, environmental, political and legal risks and uncertainties, many of which are not fully within our control. Our decisions to construct new production facilities or acquire existing facilities will be based on a variety of factors, including our forecasts of the expected return on investment of the project, anticipated product demand and the political and regulatory environments. These projects may take significant time to complete, during which time the market for our products, the competitive landscape, conditions in the capital markets, the political and regulatory environment or other conditions may change from our expectations when the determination was made to proceed with a project.

Additional factors that could affect the success of our large capital projects include:

If we are unable to complete capital projects at their expected costs or in a timely manner, our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, in most cases our revenues will not increase immediately upon the expenditure of funds on a particular project. Moreover, we may construct facilities to capture anticipated future growth in demand for SAF where such growth does not materialize to the extent or in the time frame that we anticipated. As a result, new capital investments may not achieve our expected investment return, which could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.

We continue to rely on the knowledge and involvement of several of our largest shareholders, and any lack of cooperation or failure to perform on their part could adversely affect our operations and strategic flexibility.

We continue to rely on Mr. Randall Soule and EEME, two of our largest shareholders for certain funding, operational support, maintenance activities, and legacy knowledge of our New Rise Reno production facility, which they have gained through historical involvement in its development. Mr. Soule previously owned and operated New Rise Renewables, LLC (the predecessor to XCF Global, Inc.) through his ownership of RESC Renewables, LLC, and his wholly owned entity, Encore DEC, LLC served as the engineering procurement and construction contractor for the construction and subsequent conversion of the facility. As mentioned above, GL Part SPV I, LLC, GL Part SPV II, LLC, and EEME are all owned by Ms. Ladnier. Through the Proposed Transaction with EEME, Southern, and DEVS, EEME has committed to purchase $10 million shares of XCF Common Stock at $0.10 per share.

Although Mr. Soule and Mr. Singal do not serve as executive officers, employees, or directors of XCF Global, Inc. or its subsidiaries, we continue to rely on their institutional knowledge, historical relationships with vendors and contractors, and operational familiarity with the New Rise facility in a non-compensatory advisory capacity. Because of this reliance - coupled with their significant equity ownership - both shareholders may continue to exert substantial influence over the Company’s operations, strategic decisions, and commercial relationships.

If Mr. Soule or Mr. Singal were to withdraw their support, restrict access to institutional knowledge, or pursue business activities that compete with or conflict with the Company’s interests, our operations could be disrupted, our ability to manage vendor relationships could be impaired, and our strategic flexibility could be adversely affected. While the Company is actively working to integrate New Rise operations under direct management control and to mitigate this reliance, there can be no assurance that such efforts will fully eliminate the associated risks.

If we choose to produce renewable fuels other than, or in addition to, SAF, we may not achieve the financial results we anticipate achieving through producing and selling only SAF.

Our existing Reno production facility, New Rise Reno, and additional facilities that we construct or convert to SAF production also will be capable of producing other renewable fuels, including renewable naphtha (a byproduct from SAF production), biodiesel, a renewable energy source which can be made from vegetable oils, recycled cooking oil, and animal fats that is usually blended with petroleum diesel, and renewable diesel, a biofuel that is chemically equivalent to petroleum diesel and can be used as a “drop-in fuel” which means it can be used in existing diesel engines without the need for modification and transported in petroleum pipelines. During the initial phase of production ramp-up of SAF, the Reno production facility operated at approximately 50% capacity. Our New Rise Reno team has been reviewing the catalyst processing for SAF to meet nameplate capacity. While ramp-up processes are being undertaken and until final acceptance, management has made the determination to temporarily produce renewable diesel which can be achieved at approximately 2,000 barrels per day, which is approximately 20% below nameplate capacity without any additional modifications to the facility. New Rise Reno will sell the renewable diesel to Phillips 66 under the P66 Agreement. Although our current intention is to return to SAF production and produce SAF exclusively at our production facilities, there may be circumstances similar to the temporary production of renewable diesel at the New Rise Reno facility in which we determine to produce other renewable fuels in addition to, or instead of, SAF at some or all of our facilities. Although many of the risks associated with production and sale of SAF also would apply to production and sale of biodiesel, renewable diesel or other renewable fuels, there would also be additional risks associated with a change in our business model and in the production of renewable fuels other than SAF. Those risks may materially and adversely affect our business, and we may not achieve the financial results we anticipate if we sell products other than SAF.in which we determine to produce other renewable fuels in addition to, or instead of, SAF at some or all of our facilities. Although many of the risks associated with production and sale of SAF also would apply to production and sale of biodiesel, renewable diesel or other renewable fuels, there would also be additional risks associated with a change in our business model and in the production of renewable fuels other than SAF. Those risks may materially and adversely affect our business, and we may not achieve the financial results we anticipate if we sell products other than SAF.

We compete in an industry characterized by rapidly advancing technologies and increasing competition, and our failure to successfully compete with other companies in our industry may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and market share.

Although we believe that the number of producers of SAF products is currently limited, we expect that additional competitors will enter the market. Existing competitors and new market entrants may have significant competitive advantages over us, including greater operational experience and greater financial, research and development, manufacturing, management and marketing resources, more favorable access to feedstocks, greater brand recognition and stronger historical relationships with their customers. Competition may increase as a result of greater availability of capital for investment and increased interest in our industry as more companies seek to facilitate the development of renewable fuel sources. Our competitors may succeed in developing, acquiring or licensing technologies that are more effective or less costly than those we will use in the production of SAF. In addition, the products introduced by these competitors may be perceived by customers as having advantages over our SAF product, in terms of quality, price, availability or any combination of those factors. Our failure to successfully compete may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and diminish our market share.

The fuel and chemical industries are characterized by rapid and significant technological change. Our success may depend on our ability to maintain a competitive position with respect to technological advances, as technological advances introduced or adopted by our competitors and used in their SAF products may diminish demand for our SAF product. In addition, those technological advances may give our competitors significant pricing advantages if those advances allow them to produce SAF products on a more efficient and cost-effective basis. If we are unable to keep pace with technological change, our business, prospects and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Our financial results could vary significantly from quarter to quarter and are difficult to predict.

Our financial results could vary significantly from quarter to quarter because of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control and are difficult to predict. As a result, comparing our results of operations on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. In addition to the risk factors stated herein, other factors that could cause our quarterly results of operations to fluctuate include:

Due to these and other factors, our financial results for any quarterly or annual period may not meet our expectations or the expectations of our investors and may not be meaningful indications of our future performance.

Economic conditions and trends in the business cycles of the airline industry will impact our business and operating results.

The primary end-users of SAF are companies operating fleets of jet aircraft, and, in particular, the commercial airlines industry. The overall levels of demand for SAF are driven by fluctuations in levels of end-user demand, which depend in large part on general macroeconomic conditions in the U.S. and globally. Most of the principal end-users of SAF are themselves heavily dependent on general economic conditions, including the price of fuel and energy, availability of affordable credit and capital, interest rates and consumer confidence and spending trends. Shifts in end-users businesses may result in significant fluctuations in demand, volumes, pricing and operating margins for our products.

Unanticipated problems at, or downtime impacting our facilities could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our ability to process feedstocks will depend on our ability to efficiently operate our production facilities, including maximizing the total time that such facilities are online and operational. Although we schedule and forecast regular downtime for maintenance, the occurrence of significant unforeseen conditions or events in connection with the operation or maintenance of our production facilities, such as the need to refurbish such facilities, complete capital projects at such facilities, shortages of workers or materials, adverse weather, including, but not limited to lightning strikes, floods, hurricanes, tornadoes and earthquakes, equipment failures, fires, explosions, fluid leaks, damage to or destruction of property and equipment associated therewith, environmental releases and/or damage, government regulation changes affecting the use of such facilities, terrorist attacks, mechanical or physical failures of equipment, or other conditions or events, could prevent us from operating our production facilities or could force to suspend production at such facilities down for repairs, maintenance, refurbishment or upgrades for a significant period of time. In the event any of our facilities are offline for an extended period of time, it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

Unanticipated problems or delays in building new production facilities or upgrading existing facilities that we acquire to the proper specifications may harm our business and viability.

Our future growth will depend in part on our ability to timely and economically complete construction of new production facilities and complete planned acquisitions and related upgrades of acquired production facilities to be capable of producing SAF. The occurrence of significant unforeseen conditions or events in connection with the construction of new production facilities or the upgrading of existing production facilities that we acquire may require us to reconsider our growth plans. Construction costs for future facilities may increase to a level that would make a new or acquired facility too expensive to complete or unprofitable to operate. Delays in completing new construction or upgrades to existing facilities due to shortages of necessary materials, availability of qualified contractors and labor resources, weather events and similar issues that can impact large-scale construction projects could prevent us from completing those projects in a timely manner or could result in unexpected costs and needs for additional financing. These occurrences could have a material adverse effect on our ability to increase our revenues and could also increase our expenses so as to adversely affect our financial condition.

Improvements in or new discoveries of alternative energy products or production technologies and/or government mandated use of such products or technologies, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our business will depend on the demand for SAF. As a result, any new products that are developed that could compete with the SAF we produce, including alternative versions of SAF that might be perceived as preferable to the SAF we will produce, or production technologies that may permit competitors to produce SAF more efficiently and economically, or governmental mandates to use those alternative products or production technologies or limit or prohibit our use of our production technologies could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is subject to operational and safety risks, including the risk of personal injury to employees and others.

Our operations involve risks such as equipment defects, malfunctions and failures, chemical releases, possible fires or explosions and other risks that could potentially result in injury or death of employees and others, including employees of our service providers, a need to shut down or reduce operation of facilities, increased operating expense and exposure to liability for personal injury, pollution and other environmental damage, and property damage or destruction.

While we will seek to minimize our exposure to such risks through comprehensive training, compliance and response and recovery programs, as well as equipment maintenance programs, if we were to incur substantial liabilities in excess of any applicable insurance, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. Any such incidents could also adversely affect our reputation. In addition, a major operational failure, even if suffered by a competitor, may bring enhanced scrutiny and regulation of our industry, which could result in increases in our operating expenses.

We may be subject to citizen opposition and negative publicity due to public concerns over our operations and planned future operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

There currently exists a high level of public concern over fuel production operations, including with respect to the location and operation of transfer, processing and storage facilities. Part of our business strategy is to increase our production capacity through the construction of new production facilities and the acquisition of existing production facilities to be upgraded to be capable of producing SAF. Zoning, permit and licensing applications and proceedings, as well as regulatory enforcement proceedings, are all matters open to public scrutiny and comment. Accordingly, from time to time we may be subject to citizen opposition and publicity which may damage our reputation and delay or limit the planned expansion and development of future facilities or operations or impair our ability to renew existing permits, any of which could prevent us from implementing our growth strategy and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our insurance policies do not cover all losses, costs or liabilities that we may experience and if we cannot maintain adequate insurance coverage, we will be unable to continue certain operations.

Our business exposes us to various risks, including claims for causing damage to property and injuries to persons that may involve allegations of negligence or professional errors or omissions. Such claims could be substantial. We believe that our current insurance coverage and coverage we expect to be in place by the time of the completion of the New Rise acquisition is presently adequate and similar to the coverage maintained by other similarly situated companies in the industry. If we are unable to obtain adequate or required insurance coverage in the future, or if such insurance is not available at affordable rates, we could be in violation of our permit conditions and other requirements of the environmental laws, rules and regulations under which we operate. Such violations could render us unable to continue certain of our operations. These events could result in an inability to operate certain assets and significantly impair our financial condition.

Notwithstanding the above, our policies do not cover all of our potential losses, costs or liabilities. We could suffer losses for uninsurable or uninsured risks, or in amounts in excess of our existing insurance coverage, which would significantly affect our financial performance. Our insurance policies also will have deductibles and self-retention limits that could expose us to significant financial expense. Our ability to obtain and maintain adequate insurance may be affected by conditions in the insurance market over which we have no control. In addition, because key aspects of our operations will depend on our service providers, we may be exposed to additional risks in the event that our service providers do not maintain adequate insurance coverage and, in the event of any adverse occurrence or loss, a third party may pursue claims against us in addition to our service providers. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. If adequate insurance coverage is not available or not available on economically acceptable terms, our business would be materially and adversely affected.

The litigation environment in which we operate poses a significant risk to our businesses.

We have been involved, and may in the future become involved, from time to time in lawsuits in the ordinary course of our business. Although we have not experienced any losses to date that have had a material adverse effect on us or our operation, we may experience negative outcomes in such lawsuits in the future. Any such negative outcomes could have a material adverse effect on our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations. We will evaluate litigation claims and legal proceedings to assess the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes and to estimate, if possible, the amount of potential losses. Based on these assessments and estimates, we will establish reserves and disclose the relevant litigation claims or legal proceedings, as appropriate. These assessments and estimates are based on the information available to management at the time and involve a significant amount of judgment. Actual outcomes or losses may differ materially from such assessments and estimates. The settlement or resolution of such claims or proceedings may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, judges and juries in certain jurisdictions have demonstrated a willingness to grant large verdicts, including punitive damages, to plaintiffs in personal injury, property damage and other tort cases. We will use appropriate means to contest litigation threatened or filed against us, but the litigation environment in these areas poses a significant business risk to us and could cause a significant diversion of management resources and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our information technology systems and the information technology systems of our service providers could suffer interruptions, failures or breaches and our business operations could be disrupted, adversely affecting results of operations and our reputation.

Our information technology systems, some of which are dependent on services provided by third parties, serve an important role in the operation of our business. In addition, we are dependent on certain service providers to provide critical services for our operations, and the information technology systems of our service providers also serve an important role in their operations. These systems could be damaged or cease to function properly due to any number of causes, such as catastrophic events, power outages, security breaches, computer viruses or cyber-based attacks. To date, neither we nor, to our knowledge, our critical service providers have been materially impacted by such events. However, continually evolving threats mean that we and our third-party information technology systems service providers and our operations service providers must continually evaluate and adapt our and their respective systems and processes and overall security environment. Any future significant compromise or breach of data security, whether external or internal, or misuse of customer, supplier or company data, could result in significant costs, operational disruptions, lost sales, fines, lawsuits, and damage to our reputation. There is no guarantee that these measures will be adequate to safeguard against all data security breaches, system compromises or misuses of data. In addition, as the regulatory environment related to information security, data collection and use, and privacy becomes increasingly rigorous, with new and constantly changing requirements applicable to our business, compliance with those requirements could also result in additional costs to us.

Competitors that produce part or all of their own supply of feedstocks may have a competitive advantage over us.

We will compete with many renewable fuels producers, including producers of biodiesel, renewable diesel and SAF, for available supplies of feedstocks. We do not produce any of our feedstocks, however, some of our competitors now obtain, or may in the future obtain, a portion or all of their feedstocks from their own production. Competitors that have their own feedstocks production may be better positioned than we are to withstand feedstock shortages or periods of depressed prices for their products.

Our growth strategy includes pursuing acquisitions of existing facilities, and our potential inability to successfully integrate new and acquired facilities may adversely affect our financial results.

In the future, we may seek to grow our business by acquiring or investing in existing facilities. Such acquisitions or investments may require significant managerial attention, which may divert management from our other activities and may impair the operation of our existing businesses. Any future acquisitions of businesses or facilities could entail a number of additional risks, including:

Future acquisitions will require us to raise capital, of which there can be no assurances, and may require that we incur debt, assume contingent liabilities or amortize expenses related to intangible assets, any of which could harm our business.

We may not successfully identify and complete acquisitions on favorable terms or achieve anticipated synergies relating to any acquisitions, and such acquisitions could result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures and require significant management resources.

We regularly review potential acquisitions of existing production facilities and complementary businesses. However, we may be unable to identify suitable acquisition candidates in the future. Even if we identify appropriate acquisition candidates, we may be unable to complete or finance such acquisitions on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, the process of upgrading existing productions facilities to our standards or integrating an acquired business into our existing business and operations may result in unforeseen expenditures and operating difficulties.

Integration of newly-acquired production facilities or businesses may also require significant management resources that otherwise would be available for the ongoing development of our business. In addition, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of any acquisition and such transactions may not generate the financial results we anticipated. Future acquisitions will require us to raise capital, of which there can be no assurances, and could also require us to incur debt, assume contingent liabilities or amortize expenses related to intangible assets, any of which could harm our business.

Our ability to construct additional production facilities and acquire existing facilities may be adversely impacted by our outstanding indebtedness and by the price of our stock.

Our ability to finance the construction of additional production facilities and to make future acquisitions of production facilities, particularly those that would be financed solely or in part through cash from operations, may be curtailed due to our obligations to make payments of principal and interest on our outstanding indebtedness and any restrictions imposed in the terms of such indebtedness. We may not have sufficient capital resources, now or in the future, and may be unable to raise sufficient additional debt or equity capital on terms satisfactory to us, if at all, in order to meet our capital requirements for such acquisitions. In addition, the terms of our then-existing indebtedness may include covenants that directly restrict, or have the effect of restricting, our ability to make certain capital expenditures or undertake certain acquisitions while the indebtedness remains outstanding. In addition, our ability to use shares of our Class A common stock as consideration for acquisitions or to finance new construction or acquisitions may be impacted by our stock price. The future trading price of our Class A common stock could limit our willingness to use our equity as consideration, the willingness of sellers to accept our shares or our ability to raise additional capital to fund acquisitions, and as a result could limit the size and scope of our acquisition program. If we are unable to undertake new constructions or pursue acquisitions that we believe would enhance our business or operations, the potential growth of our business and revenues may be adversely affected.

Our acquisitions may expose us to unknown liabilities.

In connection with any future acquisitions, we may also assume operational liabilities and environmental liabilities. Although we will endeavor to accurately estimate and limit operational liabilities and environmental liabilities presented by any facilities or business we plan to acquire, some liabilities, including ones that may exist only because of the past operations of an acquired facility or business, may prove to be more difficult or costly to address than we estimate. It is also possible that government officials responsible for enforcing environmental laws may believe an environmental liability is more significant than we then estimate, or that we will fail to identify or fully appreciate an existing liability before we become legally responsible to address it. We may have no recourse, or only limited recourse, to the former owners of such properties in the event such liabilities are present. As a result, if a liability were asserted against us based upon ownership of an acquired property, we might be required to pay significant sums to settle it, which could adversely affect our financial results and cash flow.

We expect to need to raise additional capital in the future to support our operations, complete acquisitions and grow our business and our ability to obtain the necessary funding is uncertain.

We anticipate needing to raise additional capital to support the execution of our business plan, including our current and planned operations, acquisitions and expansion plans. Such funding may not be available when needed or may not be available on favorable terms or at all. If we raise additional funds in the future by issuing equity securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result, and such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our Class A common stock. Future funding may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. In addition, if we undertake debt financing, the terms of any debt arrangements may include restrictive covenants or other terms that may impose burdens on our ability to operate. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future and we are unable to generate sufficient revenue from our operations to fund our operations, repay outstanding indebtedness, complete capital improvement projects consummate planned acquisitions, our results of operations, prospects and the value of our securities could be adversely affected. As of the date of filing of this Annual Report, substantially all of New Rise’s assets are subject to liens relating to New Rise’s existing financing agreements. Those liens are likely to impact our ability to obtain additional debt financing and/or the terms available to us in connection with any debt financing.

Certain significant stockholders of the Company are involved in litigation which could make it more difficult for the Company to obtain additional funding.

Majique Ladnier is the sole member of GL Part SPV I, LLC, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I LLC and has sole voting and investment authority over the shares of our common stock owned by those entities. Ms. Ladnier and her husband, Suneet Singal, are defendants to certain litigation discussed below under the heading “Certain Litigation Involving GL’s Sole Member and a GL Related Party.” While the Company is not a party to or involved in such litigation in any way, the Company may be indirectly affected by such litigation and such litigation could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to obtain additional funding and/or the terms available to us in connection with any such funding.

Uncertainty and illiquidity in the capital markets may impair our ability to obtain equity or debt financing.

Our ability to obtain equity or debt financing depends in large measure on the state of the capital markets, over which we have no control. Our ability to access the capital markets may be restricted at a time when we would like, or need, access to those markets, which could constrain our flexibility to react to changing economic and business conditions. In addition, the cost and availability of debt and equity financing may be adversely impacted by unstable or illiquid market conditions. Protracted uncertainty and illiquidity in these markets also could have an adverse impact on our lenders, or our customers, preventing them from meeting their obligations to us.

We have substantial indebtedness and expect that at least part of our future financing needs will involve incurring additional indebtedness, which could adversely affect our financial flexibility and our competitive position.

We have a significant amount of outstanding indebtedness. In addition, we expect that at least part of our anticipated future financing requirements will be funded by the issuance of debt securities, obtaining lines of credit or project-based debt financing or other arrangements that will involve incurring additional indebtedness.

Our indebtedness could have important consequences and significant effects on our business. For example, our indebtedness could:

We are in default under certain unsecured loan agreements due to the non-payment of scheduled principal and/or interest amounts. Although the holder has not yet exercised its rights, it could call the note or take other action at any time, which, in addition to penalty interest rates and fees, could have a negative impact on our financial flexibility, access to future financing, and the Company’s credit profile and relationships with vendors.

As part of the acquisition of the Fort Myers and Wilson facilities, Legacy XCF assumed an unsecured debt of $2,200,000. As of the date of this filing, the Company is in default under certain of these unsecured loan agreements due to the non-payment of scheduled principal and/or interest amounts and although the holder hasn’t yet exercised its rights, it could call the note or take other action at any time. The affected loans have an aggregate principal balance of approximately $1,700,000 and interest payable of approximately $500,000 and carry maturities ranging from 2021 to 2024. No payments have been made as of the date of this filing on these obligations.

The Company is actively engaged in discussions with the affected lenders regarding potential amendments, forbearance arrangements, or restructuring of the outstanding obligations, but there can be no assurance that such discussions will result in a favorable outcome or a waiver of the existing defaults. As of the date of this filing, the lenders have not taken any formal enforcement actions.

If we are unable to resolve the status of these defaults, there could be a range of adverse consequences, including, but not limited to:

The Company’s ability to continue funding operations, meet upcoming working capital requirements, and pursue its strategic initiatives is dependent on resolving the loan defaults, securing additional financing, and/or generating sufficient cash flows from operations. There can be no guarantee that we will be able to do so in an efficient or timely manner, or at all. Our failure to resolve the loan defaults could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects and reputation.

If we fail to retain our key personnel or if we fail to attract additional qualified personnel, we may not be able to achieve our anticipated level of growth and our business could suffer.

We are dependent upon the continued availability and commitment of our key management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Christopher Cooper and William Dale, our Chief Financial Officer. The loss of any such members could negatively impact business operations. From time to time, we will also need to identify and retain additional skilled management and specialized technical personnel to efficiently operate the business. Recruiting and retaining qualified personnel is critical to our success and there can be no assurance of such success. If we are not successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel, our ability to execute our business plan and growth strategy could be affected, which could have a material adverse impact on our profitability, results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to manage our growth and expand our operations successfully, our reputation may be damaged and our business and results of operations may be harmed.

Our future success depends on our ability to manage the rapid growth anticipated in our business plan, including the growth we expect to experience organically and through the construction of additional production facilities and acquisitions. Our ability to effectively manage our anticipated growth and expansion of our operations will require us to do, among other things, the following:

These undertakings will require significant capital expenditures and allocation of valuable management and employee resources, and our growth will continue to place a strain on our operational, financial and management infrastructure. Our future financial performance and our ability to execute on our business plan will depend, in part, on our ability to effectively manage any future growth and expansion. There are no guarantees we will be able to do so in an efficient or timely manner, or at all. Our failure to effectively manage growth and expansion could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects and reputation.

The Company’s international growth strategy includes amongst other things licensing its proprietary modular facility design and intellectual property to third parties.

We intend to license its proprietary modular facility design and intellectual property to third parties in international jurisdictions. While this model supports capital-efficient expansion and technology dissemination, it exposes the Company to several execution and operational risks, including:

If these risks materialize, the Company could encounter delays in international rollout, suffer financial losses, or incur additional costs-all of which could adversely affect its growth objectives and financial condition.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, or if others use our technology without authorization, our competitive position could be materially harmed.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to protect proprietary technology, processes, and know-how relating to the design and operation of SAF facilities. We rely on a combination of intellectual property protections, contractual rights, and trade secret safeguards to maintain our competitive advantage. However, these measures may not prevent third parties, including potential competitors, from misappropriating or independently developing similar technologies.

If competitors, including other developers in Nevada or elsewhere, are able to use our modular design technology or related processes without authorization, they may be able to build competing SAF facilities, eroding our market position and adversely affecting our revenues and profitability. Defending our intellectual property rights may require us to engage in costly and time-consuming litigation or arbitration, and we cannot assure you that we would prevail in such proceedings or that we could adequately prevent unauthorized use. In addition, some jurisdictions may offer less robust intellectual property protections than the United States, limiting our ability to enforce our rights globally.

Any failure to adequately protect our intellectual property, or any unauthorized use by others, could materially and adversely impact our competitive position, financial condition, and results of operations.

We may be negatively impacted by inflation.

Increases in inflation could impact the commodities markets generally, the overall demand for our products, our costs for feedstocks, labor, material and services and the margins we are able to realize on our products, all of which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial position and results of operations. Inflation has resulted in higher interest rates, and further increases in interest rates could adversely affect our future ability to obtain financing or materially increase the cost of any additional financing.

Declines in our anticipated profitability could result in the impairment of our assets.

We will hold material amounts of long-lived assets on our balance sheet. A decline in expected profitability of one or more of production facilities or a decline in the demand for SAF, could call into question the recoverability of our long-lived assets, and require us to write down or write off these assets. Such an occurrence could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.

Risks Related to Operating as a Public Company

Our only material assets are our direct and indirect interests in Legacy XCF and its subsidiaries, and we are accordingly dependent upon distributions from Legacy XCF and its subsidiaries to pay dividends and taxes and other expenses.

We are a holding company and have no material assets other than our ownership interest in our wholly-owned subsidiary, Legacy XCF and XCF’s subsidiaries. We have no independent means of generating revenue. We intend to cause our direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Legacy XCF, to make distributions in an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes and other expenses payable and dividends, if any, declared by it. The terms of any credit agreements or other borrowing arrangements we or our subsidiaries enter into in the future may impose restrictions on the ability to pay dividends to us. To the extent that we need funds, and any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries is restricted from making such distributions under these debt agreements or applicable law or regulation, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.

Our management team has limited experience managing a public company.

Our management team has limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors and complying with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies. Our management team may not successfully or efficiently manage our transition to being a public company that is subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under the federal securities laws and the continuous scrutiny of securities analysts and investors. These new obligations and constituents will require significant attention from our executives and could divert their attention away from the day-to-day management of our business, which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We will incur significantly increased costs and devote substantial management time as a result of operating as a public company.

As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur prior to the completion of the Business Combination. For example, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, and will be required to comply with the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules and regulations of the SEC and the Nasdaq, including the establishment and maintenance of effective financial and disclosure controls, changes in corporate governance practices and required filing of annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and results of operations. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement could harm our results of operations or cause it to fail to meet our reporting obligations. We expect that our management and other personnel will need to divert attention from operational and other business matters to devote substantial time to these public company requirements. In particular, we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will increase when we are no longer an “emerging growth company.”

We also expect that operating as a public company will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. This could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified people to serve on our board of directors, board committees or as executive officers.

The additional reporting and other obligations imposed by these rules and regulations will increase legal and financial compliance costs and the costs of related legal, accounting and administrative activities. These increased costs will require us to divert a significant amount of cash resources that could otherwise be used to expand our business and achieve strategic objectives. Advocacy efforts by stockholders and third parties may also prompt additional changes in governance and reporting requirements, which could further increase our costs.

Legacy XCF has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate the material weaknesses, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting , we may not be able to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect investor confidence in us and the market price of our Class A common stock.

While Legacy XCF and its independent registered public accounting firm did not and were not required to perform an audit of its internal control over financial reporting, in connection with the audit of Legacy XCF’s 2023 and 2024 financial statements, Legacy XCF identified control deficiencies in the design and operation of Legacy XCF’s internal control over financial reporting that constitute material weaknesses. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected in a timely manner.

For Legacy XCF, the following material weaknesses were present at December 31, 2024 and have not been remediated as of December 31, 2025: (a) lack of controls for the review and approval of journal entries and (b) lack of formal risk assessment process to reduce the risk of material misstatement and (c) controls not designed to ensure the financial reporting process operates effectively, including the accounting for the Business Combination and (d) inappropriate design and operation of IT general controls and (e) there were errors in the calculation, presentation, and disclosure of deferred taxes.

The Company is in the process of integrating New Rise into its overall internal control framework. For  New Rise, the following material weaknesses were present at December 31, 2024 and have not been remediated as of December 31, 2025: (a) lack of segregation of duties within the accounting function and (b) inappropriate design and operation of IT general controls. As  of December 31, 2025, the Company has remediated the previously reported material weakness for lack of a functioning audit committee as an Audit Committee was established subsequent to the Business Combination. The Company has also put in place a related party transaction policy and will require officers, directors and significant shareholders to certify related party relationships annually.

These control deficiencies could result in a misstatement of its accounts or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of financial results that would not be prevented or detected, and accordingly, Legacy XCF determined that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses.

We are working to remediate the material weaknesses and taking steps to strengthen our internal control over financial reporting through the hiring of additional appropriately skilled finance and accounting personnel with the requisite technical knowledge and skills, supported by experienced third-party internal control advisors who will assist with the design and implementation of such internal control systems, procedures and processes. These remediations may be costly and time consuming. We intend to take appropriate and reasonable steps to remediate the material weaknesses through the implementation of a general ledger system, which will support appropriate journal entry approvals, the development and implementation of a formal risk assessment process, and the development and implementation of a control environment designed to ensure the financial information is accurate, complete, and recorded in the correct period. We will not be able to fully remediate these control deficiencies until these steps have been completed and have been operating effectively for a sufficient period of time.

We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date and those we expect to take in the future will be sufficient to remediate the material weaknesses or avoid the identification of additional material weaknesses in the future. If these steps do not remediate the material weaknesses in a timely manner, there could continue to be a reasonable possibility that one or more of the material weaknesses or other control deficiencies could result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, which could in turn cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline significantly and make raising capital more difficult. If we fail to remediate this material weakness, or if we fail to identify future material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting or fail to meet the demands that will be placed upon us as a public company, including the requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley, we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or report them within the timeframes required by law or stock exchange regulations. Failure to comply with Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley could also potentially subject us to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. If additional material weaknesses exist or are discovered in the future, and we are unable to remediate any such material weakness, our reputation, results of operations and financial condition could suffer.

Our business and operations could be negatively affected if we become subject to any securities litigation or shareholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expense, hinder execution of our business and growth strategy and adversely impact our stock price.

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. Shareholder activism, which could take many forms or arise in a variety of situations, has been increasing recently. Volatility in the stock price of our Class A common stock or other reasons may in the future cause us to become the target of securities litigation or shareholder activism. Securities litigation and shareholder activism, including potential proxy contests, could result in substantial costs and divert management’s and our directors’ attention and resources from our business. Additionally, such securities litigation and shareholder activism could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with customers, suppliers and service providers, and could make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel. Also, we may be required to incur significant legal fees and other expenses related to any securities litigation and activist shareholder matters, and our stock price could be subject to significant fluctuation or otherwise be adversely affected by the events, risks and uncertainties of any securities litigation and shareholder activism.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

The price of our securities may be volatile and you could lose all or part of your investment as a result.

The price of our securities may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, including:

These market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our securities regardless of our operating performance. Price volatility also may be greater if the public float and trading volume of our Class A common stock is low.

In addition, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their securities have frequently been the subject of securities class action and shareholder derivative litigation. We could be the target of such litigation in the future. Class action and derivative lawsuits, whether successful or not, could result in substantial costs, damage or settlement awards and a diversion of our management resources and attention from running our business, which could materially harm our reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

An active market for our securities may not develop, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of our securities.

An active trading market for our securities may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. You may be unable to sell your securities unless a market can be established and sustained.

We may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, which could cause the market price of our securities to decline.

We may, but are not obligated to, provide public guidance on our expected operating and financial results for future periods. Any such guidance will consist of forward-looking statements, subject to the risks and uncertainties described herein and in our other public filings and public statements. Correctly identifying key factors affecting business conditions and predicting future events is inherently an uncertain process and our guidance may not be accurate due to a variety of factors. If our guidance is not accurate or varies from actual results, or if we reduce our guidance for future periods, the market value of our Class A common stock could decline significantly.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock will depend on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We currently do not have any analyst coverage and may not obtain analyst coverage in the future. In the event we obtain analyst coverage, we will not have any control over such analysts. The market price of our Class A common stock could decline if our actual results are not consistent with analysts’ projections. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our Class A common stock, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.

We do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future.

We intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the further development and expansion of our business and do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors, which may take into account a variety of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and business prospects, restrictions contained in future agreements and financing instruments, and such other factors as the board of directors deems relevant. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our Class A common stock unless you sell your Class A common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

We qualify as an “emerging growth company.” The reduced public company reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We currently qualify as an “emerging growth company” under SEC rules. As an emerging growth company, we are permitted and plan to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. As a result, the information we provide to investors will be different than the information that is available with respect to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. If some investors find our Class A common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for the Class A common stock and the market price may be more volatile.

We will remain an “emerging growth company” until the earliest to occur of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the closing of the Business Combination, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.235 billion or (c) in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer,” which means the market value of our common equity held by non-affiliates exceeds $700,000,000 as of the last business day of our prior second fiscal quarter, and (ii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. We currently intend to take advantage of exemptions summarized above as long as we maintain “emerging growth company” status.

Future resales of our Class A common stock may cause the market price of our securities to drop significantly.

A substantial percentage of our outstanding shares are held by a small number of stockholders and our officers and directors and are not subject to any “lock-up” agreement or other restriction on resale, other than certain restrictions imposed by the federal securities laws. Pursuant to certain agreements we have with these and other holders of our securities, we are obligated to register those shares for resale. Once those registration statements permitting such resales have become effective and are available for use, the sale or possibility of sale of these shares could have the effect of increasing the volatility in the price of our Class A common stock or the market price of our Class A common stock could decline if the holders of currently restricted shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them.

Our directors, executive officers and principal stockholders have substantial control over us, which could limit other stockholders’ ability to influence the outcome of corporate matters and key transactions, including a change of control.

As of the date of this Annual Report, our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders and their affiliates own approximately 209,328,553 shares of our Class A common stock, or approximately 71% of the outstanding shares of our Class A common stock, with EEME and GL together owning approximately 37.3%. This significant concentration of ownership may have a negative impact on the trading price of our Class A common stock because investors often perceive disadvantages in owning stock in companies with controlling stockholders. In addition, these stockholders will be able to exercise a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. They may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to our interests. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control of us, which could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Class A common stock as part of a sale of us and might ultimately affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

We may issue additional shares of our Class A common stock, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our stockholders.

We may issue additional shares of Class A common stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank, or securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for our Class A common stock or senior equity securities in the future in connection with, among other things, capital raising initiatives, future investments and acquisitions, or repayment of outstanding indebtedness, in most cases without stockholder approval.

In addition, pursuant to the XCF 2025 Equity Incentive Plan and 2025 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, we expect to issue additional shares of Class A common stock, or securities exercisable for shares of Class A common stock. Once shares are issued pursuant to the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan and 2025 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, those shares will become eligible for sale in the public market, subject to any applicable vesting requirements, lockup agreements and other restrictions imposed by law. A total of 10,449,264 shares are reserved for future issuance under the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan. A total of 1,000,000 shares are reserved for future issuance under the 2025 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. We expect to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register shares of Class A common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for our issued Class A common stock pursuant to the 2025 Equity Incentive Plan and 2025 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Any such Form S-8 registration statements will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, shares registered under such registration statements will be available for sale in the open market. The issuance of additional shares or other equity securities of equal or senior rank would have the following effects:

Delaware law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain certain provisions, including anti-takeover provisions, which limit the ability of stockholders to take certain actions and could delay or discourage takeover attempts that stockholders may consider favorable.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include, and the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) contains, provisions that could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying, or preventing an acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock, and therefore depress the trading price of our common stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the incumbent members of the board of directors or taking other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. Among other things, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include provisions:

These provisions, alone or together, could delay or prevent hostile takeovers and changes in control or changes in the board or management.

Any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or Delaware law that has the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control could limit the opportunity for stockholders to receive a premium for their shares and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for our Class A common stock.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of ours to us or our stockholders, or any claim for aiding and abetting such alleged breach, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us or any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of ours arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (as it may be amended or restated from time to time) or our amended and restated bylaws (as may be amended or restated from time to time) or (iv) any action asserting a claim against us or any current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder of ours governed by the internal affairs doctrine of the law of the State of Delaware or (v) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of our certificate of incorporation shall, as to any action in the foregoing clauses (i) through (v), to the fullest extent permitted by law, be solely and exclusively brought in the Delaware Court of Chancery; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to any claim (a) as to which the Delaware Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of the Delaware Court of Chancery (and the indispensable party does not consent to the personal jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery within ten days following such determination), (b) which is vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Delaware Court of Chancery, or (c) arising under federal securities laws, including the Securities Act as to which the federal district courts of the United States of America shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the sole and exclusive forum. While Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.

Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum provisions is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of Delaware (a “foreign action”) in the name of any stockholder, such stockholder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an “enforcement action”); and (y) having service of process made upon such stockholder in any such enforcement action by service upon such stockholder’s counsel in the foreign action as agent for such stockholder.

This choice-of-forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, stockholders, agents or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits. We note that there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce this provision, and the enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ charter documents has been challenged in legal proceedings. Further, investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. It is possible that a court could find these types of provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable, and if a court were to find this provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and board of directors.

The Company’s failure to meet Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements could result in a delisting of its shares.

On December 9, 2025, the Company received notice from the Listing Qualifications staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) that, because the closing bid price for the Company’s Common Stock had fallen below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive trading days, the Company no longer complies with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) because the closing bid price of the Company’s Common Stock for the prior 30 consecutive business days was lower than the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per share. The Company has until June 8, 2026 to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement but could be eligible for an additional 180-day compliance period. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement or will otherwise be in compliance with other applicable Nasdaq listing rules.

If the Company fails to satisfy Nasdaq’s continued listing requirements, such as the corporate governance requirements or the minimum closing bid price requirement, Nasdaq may take steps to delist its Common Stock. Such a delisting would likely have a negative effect on the price of the Company’s Common Stock and would impair your ability to sell or purchase the Company’s Common Stock when you wish to do so. In the event of a delisting, the Company can provide no assurance that any action taken by it to restore compliance with listing requirements would allow its Common Stock to become listed again, stabilize the market price or improve the liquidity of the Company’s Common Stock, prevent its Common Stock from dropping below Nasdaq’s minimum bid price requirement or prevent future non-compliance with Nasdaq’s listing requirements.

Risks Related to the Proposed Transaction

The Term Sheet for the Proposed Transaction with EEME, Southern and DEVS is subject to the finalization of a mutually agreeable merger structure and definitive transaction documents. If a merger structure is not agreed upon or definitive transaction documents are not executed, the Proposed Transaction may be delayed or may not be completed and the applicable Term Sheet may be terminated in accordance with its terms.

On January 26, 2026, the Company entered into a binding term sheet with EEME, DevvStream Corp. and Southern to pursue the Proposed Transaction. The Proposed Transaction would combine the parties into an integrated platform focused on SAF, environmental attribute monetization, and related low-carbon fuel initiatives. The Term Sheet establishes a framework for negotiating definitive agreements, which remain subject to further negotiation and approval by respective boards of directors. The Term Sheet also provides that the consummation of the Proposed Transaction is conditional upon the continued listing of the Company’s Common Stock on Nasdaq.

If a merger structure is not agreed upon or no definitive documentation for the Proposed Transaction is entered into, the Term Sheet may be terminated. No assurance can be given as to the timing of the execution of the definitive agreements or that any other conditions, including the continued listing of the Company’s Common Stock on Nasdaq, pursuant to the Term Sheet will be satisfied. Accordingly, there can be no assurance as to whether or when the Proposed Transaction will be completed.

Litigation relating to the Proposed Transaction, if any, could delay or prevent the completion of the Proposed Transaction and result in substantial costs to the Company.

Governmental authorities or other third parties with appropriate standing may file litigation challenging the Proposed Transaction and seeking an order enjoining or otherwise delaying or prohibiting the completion of the Proposed Transaction. If any such litigation is successful, then such order may prevent the Proposed Transaction from being completed, or from being completed within the expected time frame. There can be no assurance that the Company or any other defendants would be successful in the outcome of any potential future lawsuits. Even if a lawsuit is without merit, it could result in substantial costs to the Company and divert management time and resources.

Failure to complete the Proposed Transaction could negatively impact the Company.

If the Proposed Transaction is not completed for any reason, the ongoing business and financial condition of the Company may be adversely affected, including in the following ways:

In addition, if the Term Sheet is terminated and the Company seeks an alternative transaction, there can be no guarantee that it will be able to find or complete an alternative transaction on more attractive terms than the Proposed Transaction or at all.

The Proposed Transaction, regardless of whether it is completed, will continue to divert resources from ordinary operations, which could adversely affect the Company’s business.

The Company has diverted the attention of management and other resources to the Proposed Transaction. Whether or not the Proposed Transaction is completed, the pendency of the Proposed Transaction will continue to divert the attention of management and other resources from day-to-day operations to the completion of the Proposed Transaction. This diversion of management attention and other resources could adversely affect the Company’s ongoing business regardless of whether the Proposed Transaction is completed.

The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant costs related to the Proposed Transaction.

The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur a number of non-recurring costs associated with negotiating and completing the Proposed Transaction. These costs and expenses have been, and will continue to be, significant. These costs and expenses include fees paid or payable to financial, legal and accounting advisors, potential employment-related costs, filing fees, printing expenses and other related charges. Some of these costs are payable by the Company regardless of whether the Proposed Transaction is completed. While the Company has assumed that a certain level of expenses would be incurred in connection with the Proposed Transaction, there are many factors beyond its control that could affect the total amount or the timing of these expenses. These costs and expenses could adversely impact the Company’s financial condition and liquidity.

Uncertainties associated with the Proposed Transaction could negatively impact the Company’s ability to attract, motivate and retain management personnel and other key employees.

Hiring qualified personnel can be competitive. Current and prospective employees of the Company may experience uncertainty about their future role until strategies with regard to these employees are announced or executed, which may impair the Company’s ability to attract, retain and motivate key management, sales, marketing, and other personnel prior to completion of the Proposed Transaction. Employee retention may be particularly challenging as employees may experience uncertainty about their future roles with the combined company. If the Company is unable to retain personnel, including key management personnel, it could face disruptions in its operations, loss of existing customers, loss of key information, expertise or know-how, and unanticipated additional recruitment and training costs.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy

Governance Oversight of Cybersecurity Risk Management

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Houston. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.

The mailing address of our principal executive offices is 2500 City West Blvd, Suite 150-138, Houston, Texas 77042, and our telephone number at such address is (346) 630-4724.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We have been involved in various claims and legal actions that arose in the ordinary course of business and were not material to our operations or financial results, and in the future we may be a party to various claims and routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. See legal proceeding discussion above under Item I. Business..

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

Our common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “SAFX”. The last price of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Capital Market on March 25, 2026 was $0.36 per share. As of March 25, 2026, there were approximately 412 stockholders of record of our common stock. This number does not include beneficial owners whose shares are held by nominees in street name such as banks and brokerage firms.

Dividends

To date, we have neither declared nor paid any dividends on our common stock nor do we anticipate that such dividends will be paid in the foreseeable future. Rather, we intend to retain any earnings to finance the growth and development of our business. Any payment of cash dividends on our common stock in the future will be dependent, among other things, upon our earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors which the Board of Directors deems relevant. In addition, restrictive covenants contained in any financing agreements entered into in the future may preclude us from paying any dividends.

Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Stock Repurchases in the Fourth Quarter

There were no purchases of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2025.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED.]

Not applicable.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following information should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This discussion contains certain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth herein and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Company Overview

XCF, formerly known as Focus Impact BH3 NewCo, Inc. was founded on March 6, 2024, for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination. Subsequent to the Business Combination, the name was changed to XCF Global, Inc.

In connection with the completion of the Business Combination, Legacy XCF became a wholly owned subsidiary of XCF. Legacy XCF was formed in January 2023, was founded to develop, operate and invest in renewable energy assets and production facilities and will continue those initiatives and business activities as the primary operating subsidiary of XCF. Throughout 2023, Legacy XCF identified acquisition targets in Nevada, Florida, and North Carolina as the foundation for the Company’s first production of SAF, a synthetic kerosene derived from waste- and residue-based feedstocks such as waste oils and fats, green and municipal waste, and non-food crops and, currently, blended with conventional Jet-A fuel. We are committed to reducing the world’s carbon footprint by meeting the growing demand for renewable fuels and will concentrate on the production of clean-burning, sustainable biofuels, principally SAF. Though we are focused on promoting and accelerating the decarbonization of the aviation industry through SAF, we may, opportunistically, produce other renewable products such as renewable diesel, a renewable fuel, and bio-based glycerol, also known as natural glycerin, which is used in healthcare, food, and cosmetics industries. We believe there is a market opportunity in the aviation and renewable sectors as a result of a combination of regulatory support, industry-led demand and end-user commitment. The actual market environment may evolve differently from our expectations and is subject to a variety of external forces such as government regulation and technological development that may impact the market opportunity. XCF intends to build a nationwide portfolio of SAF and renewable fuels production facilities that use waste-and residue-based feedstocks at competitive production costs. We also intend to implement a fully integrated business model from feedstock supply and production to marketing and sales of SAF. XCF is currently one of the few publicly traded renewable fuels companies primarily focused on SAF and renewable fuels in the United States, with the stated intention to be a majority SAF producer, distinguishing itself from peers that are predominantly legacy crude oil refiners.

We intend to scale and operate clean fuel production facilities engineered to the highest levels of compliance, reliability, and quality. The Company owns New Rise Reno Renewables LLC, which owns and operates a renewable fuels facility, New Rise Reno, in McCarren, Nevada. In February 2025, New Rise Reno started its ramp-up process and began initial production of SAF and renewable naphtha (a byproduct in SAF production). First deliveries of near SAF and renewable naphtha began in March 2025. During the initial phase of production ramp-up, New Rise Reno production facility operated at approximately 50% of nameplate capacity. Until SAF production is at nameplate capacity, New Rise Reno is not deemed to be an operating facility and classifies as under construction until final project acceptance under New Rise’s license agreement with Axens North America under the original intention of the SAF conversion, such as meeting ASTM 7566 specifications for synthetic blending component standards to be blended with conventional jet fuel. Such final project acceptance has not yet been completed.

While ramp-up processes are being undertaken and until final plant acceptance, management has made the determination to temporarily produce and sell renewable diesel, a byproduct of SAF production, which can be achieved at approximately 2,000 barrels per day, which is approximately 20% below nameplate capacity, and without any additional modifications to the facility. In May 2025, New Rise Reno began selling renewable diesel under its Supply and Offtake Agreement with Phillips 66 (the “P66 Agreement”).

We also own dormant biodiesel plants located in Fort Myers, Florida and Wilson, North Carolina that we are considering whether to further build-out and reconstruct into SAF, renewable fuels and/or associated SAF-related infrastructure. The Company is continuing to evaluate the role of each of the Fort Myers, Florida and Wilson, North Carolina facilities within our broader SAF and biofuels value chain.

Company Formation and Initial Acquisitions

XCF, formerly known as Focus Impact BH3 NewCo, Inc., was founded on March 6, 2024, for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination. Subsequent to the Business Combination, the name was changed to XCF Global, Inc.

On October 31, 2023, Legacy XCF entered into an asset purchase agreement with Southeast Renewables, LLC (“Southeast Renewables”) to acquire its Wilson, North Carolina biodiesel plant assets for an aggregate purchase price of $100,000,000. Legacy XCF issued Southeast Renewables 7,700,000 shares of Legacy XCF at an agreed conversion price of $10 per share ($77,000,000) and issued a convertible promissory note (“Southeast Renewables Convertible Note”) in principal amount of $23,000,000, with a maturity date of October 31, 2024. The Southeast Renewables Convertible Note accrues interest at the per annum rate of 8%. The Southeast Renewables Convertible Note can be converted into shares of Legacy XCF common stock based on the outstanding principal and interest, divided by the conversion price. The conversion price prior to a change of control is $10, and subsequent to a change of control is equal to the volume weighted average price of the shares of common stock for the 20 days prior to the notice of conversion.

On December 29, 2023, Southeast Renewables exercised its right to convert the Southeast Renewables Convertible Note principal balance of $23,000,000 plus accrued interest of $297,425 into 2,329,743 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 7,700,000 shares and 2,329,743 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Southeast Renewables were automatically converted into shares of XCF Class A common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 7,700,000 and 2,329,743 Legacy XCF shares converted into 5,284,301 and 1,598,839 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On October 31, 2023, Legacy XCF also entered into an asset purchase agreement with Good Steward Biofuels FL, LLC (“Good Steward”), to acquire its Fort Myers, Florida biodiesel plant assets. Legacy XCF issued Southeast Renewables, the parent company of Good Steward, 9,800,000 shares of XCF common stock as partial consideration for the purchase, and also assumed certain liabilities, including a $356,426 loan made by GL to Southeast Renewables. GL was a shareholder of Legacy XCF and owns membership interests in Southeast Renewables. The purchase price was $100,000,000 less $200,000 in notes payable, and loans assumed by Legacy XCF using a conversion price of $10 per share.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 9,800,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Good Steward were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 9,800,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 6,725,474 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

The Wilson, North Carolina plant and Fort Myers, Florida plant have been non-operational for over three years and five years, respectively.

On January 23, 2025, and February 19, 2025, Legacy XCF completed its acquisitions (the “Acquisition”) of New Rise SAF Renewables Limited Liability Company, (“New Rise SAF”) and New Rise Renewables, LLC. (“New Rise Renewables”) (collectively the “New Rise Entities”), which became wholly owned subsidiaries of Legacy XCF. New Rise Renewables, a Delaware limited liability company, was formed on September 23, 2016, for the purpose of owning 100% of New Rise Reno. New Rise Renewables is focused on producing renewable fuels to lower the world’s carbon footprint by meeting the growing demand for renewable fuels and will concentrate on the production of clean-burning, sustainable biofuels, principally SAF. The New Rise Reno facility is built on a 10-acre parcel located within McCarran, Nevada.

Recent Developments

Proposed Transaction with Southern, DEVS and EEME

On January 26, 2026, XCF, entered into the term sheet with Southern, DEVS, and EEME, which sets forth the principal terms and conditions of the Proposed Transaction. Pursuant to the Term Sheet, and subject to the finalization of mutually agreeable merger structure and definitive transaction documents and ultimately the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, it is expected that Southern and DEVS will each merge with wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF, with Southern and DEVS surviving, and their respective stockholders receiving shares of Common Stock of XCF, resulting in Southern and DEVS becoming wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF.

In connection with and to support the Proposed Transaction and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Term Sheet, XCF agreed to invest $10 million to convert and build out its New Rise Reno facility for the Plant Conversion, to be funded through the sale by XCF to EEME of $10 million of Common Stock; provided that in no event shall XCF issue to EEME, nor shall EEME (i) acquire more than 41,639,170 shares of XCF’s common stock pursuant to this Term Sheet or (ii) acquire or to otherwise become, directly or indirectly, a “beneficial owner” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of 19.99% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date hereof until such time as XCF has obtain stockholder approval for such issuance (the “Share Cap”) which XCF obtained on March 6, 2026. Subsequent to the execution of the Term Sheet, EEME has purchased 69,000,000 million shares of Common Stock for $6,900,000. The issuance and sale to EEME of the remaining 31,000,000 shares of Common Stock is expected to be consummated periodically during the period ending the week of March 31, 2026, although there can be no assurances in this regard. EEME is expected to have customary demand and piggy-back registration rights and will not be subject to any lock-up or other transfer restrictions (other than as imposed by applicable securities laws or underwriters.) EEME’s obligation to acquire such shares is independent of the remainder of the proposed Transaction contemplated by the Term Sheet. The offer and sale of the shares of XCF common stock to EEME, will be made in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act, or upon such other exemption or exclusion from the registration requirements of the Securities Act as may be available with respect to any or all of the transactions with the EEME to be made under the Term Sheet.

On March 6, 2026, XCF held a Special Meeting of Shareholders, at which the Shareholders approved the potential issuance of 19.99% or more of XCF’s issued and outstanding Common Stock to a single investor, thus removing the Share Cap. 

The Term Sheet provides that the Board post-closing will be comprised of four members designated by XCF (including XCF’s Chief Executive Officer, Chris Cooper, as chair), two members designated by Southern, and one member designated by DEVS.

The Term Sheet includes customary provisions regarding definitive agreements, including that the business combination agreement and related agreements will contain customary representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities, limitations on indemnity, termination provisions, and other terms typical for transactions of this nature.

The Term Sheet further provides for certain interim covenants and restrictions, including, but not limited to, that (so long as EEME continues funding under the schedule) XCF will not issue securities under its equity line of credit without EEME’s approval, neither XCF nor DEVS will effect any reverse split without EEME’s prior written consent, and neither XCF, Southern, nor DEVS (or their affiliates) will sell shares to brokers for naked short coverage.

The Term Sheet is governed by Delaware law, contains customary confidentiality provisions, and will remain in effect until the earliest of: 180 days after its date, execution of definitive agreements, mutual written termination, termination by XCF for failure by EEME to timely fund per the schedule, termination by any party based on unsatisfactory due diligence, or termination by any party to fulfill fiduciary duties in respect of a superior offer.

There can be no assurance that any of the foregoing conditions will be satisfied or waived, that the definitive agreements necessary to consummate the Proposed Transaction will be entered into, or that the Proposed Transaction will be consummated on the terms described herein or at all. The closing the Proposed Transaction, including the satisfaction of the closing conditions, are subject to numerous factors, many of which are outside the control of XCF, including market conditions, regulatory approvals, the actions of third parties, the ability of the parties to negotiate and execute definitive agreements, and the achievement of specified operational and financial milestones, including certain conditions that depend on the business performance and operating results of XCF. Although the Term Sheet provides that certain provisions are binding on the parties, it does not obligate the parties to consummate the Proposed Transaction, and the Term Sheet reflects preliminary, non-final terms that remain subject to further negotiation, modification, and approval by the applicable boards of directors and special committees and may be terminated in accordance with its terms, including in circumstances involving an alleged breach. Any such termination, or a failure by the parties to agree on definitive documentation, could result in disputes or litigation relating to the interpretation, enforceability, or performance of the binding provisions of the Term Sheet, which could be costly, time-consuming, divert management attention, and adversely affect the financial condition or liquidity of one or more of the parties, including their ability to pursue or defend such claims. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on the consummation of the Proposed Transaction or on the achievement of any related milestones or financial thresholds. Moreover, even if the Proposed Transaction is consummated, the parties may never achieve the purpose of the Proposed Transaction and the market value the parties are aiming to achieve may never materialize.

Financial Overview

Results of Operations – for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024

Revenue

The Company’s revenues are generated under an agreement with Phillips 66. Under the Phillips 66 agreement, the Company will sell renewable diesel, sustainable aviation fuel, renewable Naphtha, (collectively, “renewable fuels”) and transfer Renewable Identification Numbers (“RIN”) and Low Carbon Fuel Standard credits (“LCFS”) (collectively “environmental credits”) associated with the generation of the renewable fuels.

Sale of sustainable aviation fuel and Naphtha

As discussed in Note 1, the Company is currently in the process of constructing plants to process non-food feedstock into renewable fuels. While the Company owns several plants, none of the facilities have commenced production operations as of December 31, 2025. As the plants were in the construction phase, all sales of sustainable aviation fuel and Naphtha are considered activities to bring the plant assets to operating production; therefore, in accordance with ASC 360-10-30-1, sales of sustainable aviation fuel and Naphtha during the construction phase before operational commencement occurs are capitalized as a reduction of the cost of the plant. For the years ended December 31, 2025, $2,741,987 of net sales of Naphtha and synthetic blended components were capitalized as a reduction of the cost of the plants, respectively.

Sale of renewable diesel and environmental credits

The Company generates revenue from the sale of renewable diesel and transfer of related environmental credits under the contract with Phillips 66 when control is transferred to the customer. The amount of consideration to which the Company is entitled for the delivery of renewable diesel and environmental credits is based on pricing established in the contract that is indexed to commodity market prices and quantities sold. Revenue related to the sale of renewable energy and environmental credits is recognized at a point in time when control is transferred to the associated customer. During the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, $20,815,955 and $0 was recognized from the sales of renewable diesel, Naphtha and environmental credits.

Cost of Sales

We incurred $24,586,068 and $0 of cost of sales for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Cost of sales includes those costs directly associated with the production of revenues, such as raw material consumed, freight costs, factory overhead, personnel costs, and other direct production costs.

Operating expenses

We incurred $7,010,223 and $2,987,852 of operating costs for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Operating costs primarily consist of plant utilities, repairs and maintenance, quality control and testing. The increase in operating costs is attributable to our New Rise facility starting production.

General and Administrative Expenses

We incurred $22,385,312 and $18,186,056 of general and administrative expenses during the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of stock-based compensation, professional fees, payroll expenses, rent, and other expenses. The expenses have increased due to a significant increase in the stock-based compensation and payroll cost during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Severance expense

We incurred $19,162,500 and $0 severance expenses for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Severance expenses consist of stock-based compensation that may be paid to former executives as part of their severance agreement.

Professional fees

We incurred $15,559,033 and $0 professional fees for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Professional fees primarily consist of fees payable for transaction cost, consulting fees for transaction closing, legal fees, marketing consultancy, and other consultancy expenses.

Change in the fair value of notes payable

Change in the fair value of note payable was $4,567,951 and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024. As a result of the Business Combination that closed June 6, 2025, XCF assumed a note payable from Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund (“Polar”) of $1,200,000. The Company elected the fair value option for valuing this loan. From the date of Business Combination to period end, the Company recognized a $4,567,951 gain due to the change in fair value of the Polar note and several other note payables. This change is recorded within change in the fair value of note payable in the consolidated statements of operations.

Change in the fair value of note payable related party was $(514,709) and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024.

Change in fair value of warrants

Change in the fair value of warrants was $209,916,200 and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024. In connection with the closing of Business Combination, the Company assumed 11,500,000 outstanding public warrants (the “Public Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate 11,500,000 shares of New XCF common stock at $11.50 and 6,400,000 outstanding private placement warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate 6,400,000 shares of New XCF common stock at $11.50. The total value of the liability associated with the Public Warrants and Private Warrants was $121,900,000 and $88, 768,000, measured at fair value at the Closing Date. The company has recognized a gain of $209,916,200 with the revaluation of these warrants.

Loss on issuance of debt

Loss on issuance of debt was $138,000 and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024.

Loss on issuance of debt to related party

Loss on issuance of debt to related party was $40,531,000 and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024. The loss was recorded on a promissory note issued to GL which has been converted to shares of Class A common stock

ELOC commitment fees

ELOC commitment fees were $7,400,000 and $0, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024. The expenses are paid for commitment fees in connection with the ELOC Agreement with Helena for $50,000,000.

Unrealized and Realized loss on derivative asset

On May 30, 2025, New XCF, Legacy XCF, Randall Soule (“Soule”), in his individual capacity as a shareholder of Legacy XCF, and Helena Global Investment Opportunities I Ltd (“Helena”) entered into a promissory note (the “Helena Note”) for gross principal amount of $2,000,000. The Helena Note bears interest of $400,000, is unsecured, and is due at the earlier of (i) the date that is three months from Helena’s disbursement of the loan, (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Helena Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by the holder or if a bankruptcy event occurs (in which case no written notice from the holder is required) or (iii) in connection with future debt or equity issuances by New XCF or its subsidiaries. In connection with the issuance of the Helena Note, Soule has agreed to transfer 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock held by him to Helena, representing the expected number of shares of Legacy XCF common stock that will be equal to 1,948,862 shares of New XCF Class A common stock as of the closing of the Business Combination (the “Advanced Shares”). Upon Helena’s receipt of an aggregate of $2,400,000 in (i) payments from New XCF and (ii) aggregate net proceeds from the sale of Advanced Shares, New XCF’s payment obligations for principal and interest under the Helena Note will have been satisfied and Helena is obligated to return any remaining Advanced Shares to Soule. If Helena shall have sold all of the Advanced Shares and not yet received at least $2,400,000 in net proceeds from the sale thereof and in other payments from New XCF, New XCF shall remain responsible for payment of any shortfall, which shall be payable as otherwise required under the terms of the Helena Note. As disclosed above with respect to the Helena Note, in connection with the issuance of the Helena Note, Soule agreed to transfer 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock held by him to Helena. The Company and Soule entered into a letter agreement dated as of May 30, 2025 (the “Side Letter Forward” or “derivative asset”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue Soule 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock (“Replacement Shares”) in consideration for Soule’s transfer of an equal number of shares to Helena. At issuance, the Company recorded the Replacement Shares and the Side Letter Forward at their fair value. On July 1 and July 16, 2025, the Company received cash payment from Helena totaling $2,249,381 for the remaining Advanced Shares, and in exchange the Company and Soule waived Helena’s obligation to return the those remaining Advanced Shares. The Company remeasured the derivate asset and recorded an unrealized gain of $97,443 which was recorded within unrealized loss on derivative asset in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company derecognized the derivative asset at the settlement date fair value and recorded $1,316,827 of gain for the difference between the cash received and the fair value of the derivative asset, which is recorded in realized gain on derivative asset. For the period ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized a $16,156,071 loss on the Side Letter Forward, which is recorded in unrealized loss on derivative asset in the consolidated statement of operations. As of December 31, 2025, the fair value of the derivative asset is $0.

Interest income (expense), net

We incurred $(9,155,274) and $(2,930,889) of interest income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. Interest expense consists of interest incurred on our convertible promissory notes and notes payable and late fees on the notes payable. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company entered into additional convertible promissory notes and incurred late fees on financial liability as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, resulting in additional interest expense being incurred during the period.

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. The preparation of our financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, costs and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

While our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the notes to our financial statements, we believe that the following accounting policies are those most critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.

Inventory

Inventory valuation requires management to make significant judgments and estimates regarding future demand, selling prices, product obsolescence, and costs to sell inventory. These estimates are derived from historical results, current sales trends, forecasted demand, and anticipated market conditions. Management reviews inventory balances periodically and records valuation allowances when inventory carrying amounts exceed estimated net realizable value. Once recorded, inventory write-downs establish a new cost basis and are not subsequently reversed.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company reported finished goods inventory of $337,971, net of reserves, and recorded inventory reserves of $49,277, primarily related to finished goods. The Company did not hold any inventory as of December 31, 2024. Inventory balances and related reserves may fluctuate in future periods as the Company expands operations and responds to changes in demand and market conditions.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, including construction in progress, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If an asset group is determined not to be recoverable, the asset group’s carrying value is considered to be impaired. The impairment to be recognized is the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair market value of the assets and is allocated to individual assets in the asset group on a relative fair value basis, not to be reduced below an individual asset’s fair value. During the year ended December 31, 2024, no triggering events were identified that would require a quantitative assessment. During the periods ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, no impairment expense was recognized.

Income Taxes

The Company’s accounting for income taxes is considered a critical accounting policy due to the significant judgment required in evaluating deferred tax assets, determining the need for valuation allowances, and estimating liabilities for uncertain tax positions. Deferred tax assets are recognized for temporary differences and tax attributes to the extent management believes it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized.

Management regularly assesses the realizability of deferred tax assets by evaluating historical and projected taxable income, the timing of future reversals of temporary differences, and available tax planning strategies. Based on this assessment, valuation allowances are recorded or adjusted as necessary. The Company also evaluates tax positions taken in filed tax returns and records reserves for uncertain tax positions when it is not more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination. Changes in facts, circumstances, or assumptions underlying these judgments could materially impact the Company’s income tax expense, effective tax rate, and deferred tax balances in future periods.

Construction in progress (“CIP”)

We incur costs related to the development and construction of our projects. Development costs are expensed as incurred. Once management concludes that construction of a project is probable and sufficient development milestones have been achieved, certain directly attributable costs are capitalized as construction in progress and depreciated over the useful life of the related asset once placed into service.

Determining whether a project has reached the point at which construction is considered probable requires significant judgment and depends on factors such as regulatory approvals, financing availability, project economics, and management’s intent and ability to proceed. If management’s judgments regarding project viability change, capitalized costs could be written off, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued, Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) – Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses,” which requires additional disclosure about specified categories of expenses included in relevant expense captions presented on the income statement. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on the Company’s disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04 (“ASU 2024-04”), Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20). The guidance in ASU 2024-04 clarifies the requirements related to accounting for the settlement of a debt instrument as an induced conversion. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted as of the beginning of a reporting period if the entity has also adopted ASU 2020-06 for that period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2024-04 may have on its disclosures in its consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03 (“ASU 2025-03”), Business Combinations (Topic 805) and Consolidation (Topic 810), which enhance the comparability of financial statements across entities engaging in acquisition transactions effected primarily by exchanging equity interests when the legal acquiree meets the definition of a business. Specifically, under the amendments, acquisition transactions in which the legal acquiree is a VIE will, in more instances, result in the same accounting outcomes as economically similar transactions in which the legal acquiree is a voting interest entity. The amendments in this Update do not change the accounting for a transaction determined to be a reverse acquisition or a transaction in which the legal acquirer is not a business and is determined to be the accounting acquiree. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The amendment should be applied prospectively to any acquisition transaction that occurs after the initial application date. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The Company early adopted the ASU 2025-03 as of January 1, 2025. The adoption of ASU 2025-03 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2025.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 (“ASU 2023-09”), Income Taxes, which enhances the transparency of income tax disclosures by expanding annual disclosure requirements related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments should be applied on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 as of January 1, 2025. The adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We continually monitor and manage cash flow to assess the liquidity necessary to fund operations and capital projects. We manage our capital resources and adjust them to take into account changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust our capital resources, we may, where necessary, control the amount of working capital, pursue financing or manage the timing of our capital expenditures. As of December 31, 2025, we had a working capital deficit of $221,365,831 (current assets of $27,648,607, less current liabilities of $249,014,438 These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s ultimate success is dependent on its ability to obtain additional financing and generate sufficient cash flow to meet its obligations on a timely basis. The Company’s business will require significant capital to sustain operations and significant investments to execute its long-term business plan. Additionally, the Company anticipates incurring significant expense in connection with negotiating the Potential Transaction among the Company, DEVS, Southern and EEME, as well as integrating and operating the combined companies should the Potential Transaction be consummated, of which there can be no assurances. Absent generation of sufficient revenue from the execution of the Company’s long-term business plan, the Company will need to obtain debt or equity financing, especially if the Company experiences downturns, delays in production, or other operating disruptions in its business that are more severe or longer than anticipated, or if the Company experiences significant increases in expense levels resulting from being a publicly-traded company or from operations. In addition, the Company’s business plan anticipates that we will grow our business through a combination of acquiring and constructing new production facilities and converting existing production facilities that we acquire to SAF production, all of which is anticipated to require us to raise capital, of which there can be no assurances, and may require that we incur debt, assume contingent liabilities or amortize expenses related to intangible assets, any of which could harm our business

Such additional debt or equity financing may not be available to the Company on favorable terms, if at all. If we do raise additional capital through public or private equity or convertible debt offerings, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of holders of our Class A common stock. If we raise additional capital through debt financing, we may be subject to covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures, or paying dividends.

Our future capital requirements and the adequacy of available funds will depend on many factors, including those set forth in the section titled “Risk Factors”.

Current cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2025, excluding restricted cash, totaled $154,937. We do not believe cash on hand will be adequate to satisfy obligations in the ordinary course of business over the next twelve months. Management has assessed the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to raise sufficient funds to pay ongoing operating expenditures and meet its obligations over the next twelve months. Based on this assessment, there are material uncertainties about the business that may cast doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company historically was able to obtain certain bridge financing from a significant shareholder (GL Part SPV I, LLC) and its affiliates to fund its operations. Pursuant to the Term Sheet in the Proposed Transaction described above with EEME, Southern, and DEVS, EEME, an affiliate of GL Part SPV I, LLC and GL Part PV II, LLC, has committed to invest $10,000,000 in the Company. As of March 30, 2026, the Company has issued 69,000,000 shares of Common Stock to EEME Energy for approximately $6,900,000. While the Company anticipates receiving the balance of such funds during the week of March 31, 2026, there can be no assurances in this regard. The Company is currently actively seeking new sources of financing, which will enable the Company to meet its obligations for the twelve-month period from the date the financial statements were available to be issued. The financial statements do not give effect to any adjustments that are required to realize assets and discharge liabilities in other than the normal course of business and at amounts different from those reflected in the financial statements. Such adjustments could be material.

Our continuing operations are dependent upon our ability to obtain debt or equity financing until such time that we achieve profitable operations. There can be no assurance that we will gain adequate market acceptance for our products or be able to generate sufficient gross margins to reach profitability.

Since our inception, we have incurred operating losses and have experienced negative cash flows from operations. We do not anticipate that cash on hand will be adequate to satisfy our obligations in the ordinary course of business over the next 12 months. Based on this assessment, we have material uncertainties about our business that may cast substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to raise sufficient funds to pay ongoing operating expenditures and to meet our obligations. See further discussion related to our ability to continue as a going concern within “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had $159,232 and $413,006 in cash, respectively. We are actively managing current cash flows until such time that we are profitable. The table below presents our cash flows during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively:

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash used in operations was $17,857,747 and $11,137,519, respectively. The use of cash in all periods primarily resulted from our net losses adjusted for non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities.

During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash used in investing was $1,563,317 and $28,918,084, respectively. This primarily consisted of purchases of property and equipment.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash provided by financing was $19,167,290 and $40,292,009, respectively. The net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2025, was primarily from proceeds from related party note payable and proceeds from borrowing.

Additional details of our financing activities for the periods reflected in this report as well as certain information on our outstanding shares is provided below:

Financings

We have funded our business to date primarily from the issuance of our common stock and convertible debentures through private placements, from proceeds from the exercises of warrants, from sales of renewable fuel and from loans from related parties.

On February 14, 2024, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a note purchase agreement pursuant to which $1,210,383 of principal amount of prior loans were consolidated into one convertible promissory note issued by Legacy XCF in an equivalent principal amount, interest rate and conversion terms. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the $1,210,383 of principal and $9,487 in accrued interest into 1,219,870 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 1,219,870 Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 1,219,870 Legacy XCF shares converted into 837,164 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On February 26, 2024, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a note purchase agreement pursuant to which GL agreed to purchase, and XCF agreed to sell and issue to GL a convertible promissory note in principal amount of $600,000. The unsecured, convertible note provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $1 per share. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the $600,000 of principal and $164 in accrued interest into 600,164 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 600,164 Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL was automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 600,164 Legacy XCF shares converted into 411,876 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

During Q4 2024, Legacy XCF entered into four note purchase agreements pursuant to which GL agreed to purchase, and XCF agreed to sell and issue to GL, four promissory notes in principal amounts of $2,000,000, $1,000,000, $1,090,000, and $250,000. The unsecured convertible notes provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the principal amounts of each note into 5,000,000 shares, 2,500,000 shares, 2,725,000 shares, and 625,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock, respectively, for each principal amount noted above. No interest was accrued on the principal amounts of the notes. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 5,000,000 shares, 2,500,000 shares, 2,725,000 shares and 625,000 shares, totaling 10,350,000 of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 10,350,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 7,102,924 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On January 14, 2025, Legacy XCF entered into two note purchase agreements pursuant to which GL agreed to purchase, and XCF agreed to sell and issue to GL, two promissory notes in principal amounts of $200,000 and $138,333. The unsecured convertible notes provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the principal amounts of each note into 500,000 shares and 345,833 shares, respectively, for each principal amount noted above. No interest was accrued on the principal amounts of the notes. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 500,000 and 345,833 shares, totaling 845,833 of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 845,833 Legacy XCF shares converted into 580,472 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On January 14, 2025, Legacy XCF entered into a note purchase agreement with Sky MD, LLC (“Sky MD”) to which Sky MD agreed to purchase, and XCF agreed to sell and issue to Sky MD, a promissory note in principal amount of $138,333. The unsecured, convertible note provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. Sky MD subsequently exercised its right to convert the principal amount of the note into 345,833 shares. No interest was accrued on the principal amount of the notes. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 345,833 of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Sky MD were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 345,833 Legacy XCF shares converted into 237,336 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On January 14, 2025, Legacy XCF entered into a note purchase agreement with Focus Impact Partners, LLC (“Focus Impact Partners”) pursuant to which Focus Impact Partners agreed to purchase, and Legacy XCF agreed to sell and issue to Focus Impact Partners, a promissory note in principal amount of $150,000. The unsecured, convertible note provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. Focus Impact Partners subsequently exercised its right to convert the principal amount of the note into 375,000 shares. No interest was accrued on the principal amount of the note.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 375,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Focus Impact Partners were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 375,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 257,352 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On January 31, 2025, Legacy XCF and Innovativ Media Group, Inc. entered into a promissory note for $500,000. The promissory note bears interest of $100,000, payable on the earliest of March 31, 2025, unless extended by mutual written consent of XCF and Innovativ Media Group, Inc., or upon an event of default. In connection with the issuance of the promissory note, Legacy XCF issued 250,000 shares of its common stock to Innovativ Media Group, Inc. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 250,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Innovativ were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 250,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 171,568 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On April 17, 2025, Legacy XCF and Innovativ entered into a first amendment to the Innovativ Promissory Note (the “Amended Innovativ Promissory Note”) whereby the payment terms of the note were amended to the earliest of (i) 10 business days from the date of XCF entering into a Qualified Financing Event and receiving proceeds therefrom, unless extended in writing by mutual consent of Legacy XCF and Innovativ, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Amended Innovativ Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by Innovativ. A “Qualified Financing Event” under the Amended Innovativ Promissory Note means the closing of any transaction or series of related transactions, including without limitation any equity or debt financing, that results in gross proceeds to the Company of at least $15,000,000, and that directly or indirectly results in the Company’s refinancing, repayment, or restructuring of any portion of its secured debt obligations, including through a refinancing, recapitalization, debt-for-equity exchange, secured loan facility, or other similar financing arrangement; provided, however, that any such event shall not be deemed a Qualified Financing Event unless, following the closing of such transaction(s), XCF maintains a minimum cash balance of at least $3,000,000 in its primary operating bank account, and each of the foregoing conditions is fully satisfied without waiver or modification, except as may be expressly agreed to in writing by Innovativ and XCF. The Amended Innovativ Promissory Note also provides for additional one-time interest payment on the note at a fixed rate of 12% or $60,000, which amount is in addition to the interest already payable on the original note.

On February 13, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a promissory note (the “February 2025 Promissory Note”) for the gross principal amount of $1,200,000 with net proceeds from the note equal to $1,000,000. The February 2025 Promissory Note bears interest of $200,000, is unsecured, and, under its initial terms, payment of the February 2025 Promissory Note was due at the earlier of (i) 30 days from the date of receipt of any customer payment paid to XCF, unless extended in writing by mutual consent of XCF and GL or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the February 2025 Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by GL. In connection with the issuance of the February 2025 Promissory Note, Legacy XCF issued 200,000 shares of its common stock to GL. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 200,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Innovativ were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 200,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 137,255 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On April 17, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a first amendment to the February 2025 Promissory Note (the “Amended February 2025 Promissory Note”) whereby the payment terms of the note were amended to the earliest of (i) 10 business days from the date of XCF entering into a Qualified Financing Event and receiving proceeds therefrom, unless extended in writing by mutual consent of XCF and GL, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Amended February 2025 Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by GL. A “Qualified Financing Event” under the Amended February 2025 Promissory Note means the closing of any transaction or series of related transactions, including without limitation any equity or debt financing, that results in gross proceeds to the Company of at least $15,000,000 and that directly or indirectly results in the Company’s refinancing, repayment, or restructuring of any portion of its secured debt obligations, including through a refinancing, recapitalization, debt-for-equity exchange, secured loan facility, or other similar financing arrangement; provided, however, that any such event shall not be deemed a Qualified Financing Event unless, following the closing of such transaction(s), XCF maintains a minimum cash balance of at least $3,000,000 in its primary operating bank account, and each of the foregoing conditions is fully satisfied without waiver or modification, except as may be expressly agreed to in writing by GL and XCF.

On April 17, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a promissory note (the “April 2025 Promissory Note”) for the gross principal amount of $2,500,000. The April 2025 Promissory Note bears interest of $300,000, is unsecured, and is due at the earlier of (i) 10 business days from the date of XCF entering into a Qualified Financing Event and receiving proceeds therefrom unless extended in writing by mutual consent of XCF and GL, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the April 2025 Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by GL. A “Qualified Financing Event” under the April 2025 Promissory Note means the closing of any transaction or series of related transactions, including without limitation any equity or debt financing, that results in gross proceeds to the Company of at least $15,000,000, and that directly or indirectly results in the Company’s refinancing, repayment, or restructuring of any portion of its secured debt obligations, including through a refinancing, recapitalization, debt-for-equity exchange, secured loan facility, or other similar financing arrangement; provided, however, that any such event shall not be deemed a Qualified Financing Event unless, following the closing of such transaction(s), XCF maintains a minimum cash balance of at least $3,000,000 in its primary operating bank account, and each of the foregoing conditions is fully satisfied without waiver or modification, except as may be expressly agreed to in writing by GL and XCF. In connection with the issuance of the April 2025 Promissory Note, Legacy XCF issued 5,000,000 shares of its common stock to Innovativ based on assignment from GL. At the closing of the Business Combination, the 5,000,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Innovativ were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 5,000,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 3,431,364 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

Narrow Road Capital Note

On May 1, 2025, Legacy XCF and Narrow Road Capital, Ltd. entered into a promissory note (the “Narrow Road Note”) for the gross principal amount of $700,000. The Narrow Road Note bears interest of $140,000, is unsecured, and is due at the earlier of (i) September 30, 2025, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Narrow Road Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by the holder. In connection with the issuance of the Narrow Road Note, the holder has the right, but not the obligation, to elect to receive up to 280,000 shares of common stock of the Legacy XCF, at any time on or before the earlier of (x) the repayment of the Narrow Road Note in full, or (ii) six (6) months from issuance of the Narrow Road Note. This right lapses automatically if not exercised by such date. If such share issuance occurs after the closing of the Business Combination transaction with Focus Impact, the shares to be issued will be calculated based on the finalized conversion ratio applicable to shares of Legacy XCF in connection with the Business Combination closing. Narrow Road elected to receive 500 shares on May 30, 2025. On September 10, 2025 Narrow Road elected the right to receive the remaining outstanding 279,500 shares associated with the note which were convertible into 191,813 shares of XCF Class A common stock.

Cribb Note

On May 14, 2025, Legacy XCF and Gregory Segars Cribb entered into a promissory note (the “Cribb Note”) for the gross principal amount of $250,000. The Cribb Note bears interest of $50,000, is unsecured, and is due at the earlier of (i) September 30, 2025, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Cribb Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by the holder. In connection with the issuance of the Cribb Note, the holder has the right, but not the obligation, to elect to receive up to 100,000 shares of common stock of the Company, at any time on or before the earlier of (x) the repayment of the Cribb Note in full, or (ii) six (6) months from issuance of the Cribb Note. This right lapses automatically if not exercised by such date. If such share issuance occurs after the closing of the Business Combination transaction with Focus Impact, the shares to be issued will be calculated based on the finalized conversion ratio applicable to shares of Legacy XCF in connection with the Business Combination closing. Gregory Segars Cribb elected to receive 500 shares on May 30, 2025. On September 10, 2025 Gregory Segars Cribb elected the right to receive the remaining outstanding 99,500 shares associated with the note were convertible into 68,214 shares of XCF Class A common stock.

ELOC Agreement

On May 30, 2025, Legacy XCF and XCF entered into an equity line of credit purchase agreement (the “ELOC Agreement”) with Helena Global Investment Opportunities I Ltd (the “Investor”). Pursuant to the ELOC Agreement, following the completion of the Business Combination, XCF will have the right to issue and to sell to the Investor from time to time, as provided in the ELOC Agreement, up to $50,000,000 of Class A Common Stock of XCF, subject to the conditions set forth therein. As a commitment fee in connection with the execution of the ELOC Agreement, Legacy XCF has issued 740,000 shares of Legacy XCF’s common stock to the Investor, representing the expected number of shares of its common stock that will be equal to 500,000 shares of XCF Class A common stock as of the closing of the Business Combination.

Helena Note

On May 30, 2025, Legacy XCF, XCF, Randall Soule, in his individual capacity as a shareholder of XCF (“Soule”), and Helena Global Investment Opportunities I Ltd (“Helena”) entered into a promissory note (the “Helena Note”) for gross principal amount of $2,000,000. The Helena Note bears interest of $400,000, is unsecured, and is due at the earlier of (i) the date that is three months from Helena’s disbursement of the loan evidenced by the Helena Note, (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Helena Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by the holder or if a bankruptcy event occurs (in which case no written notice from the holder is required) or (iii) in connection with future debt or equity issuances by XCF or its subsidiaries. In connection with the issuance of the Helena Note, Soule has agreed to transfer 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock held by him to Helena, representing the expected number of shares of Legacy XCF common stock that will be equal to 2,000,000 shares of XCF Class A common stock as of the closing of the business combination (the “Advanced Shares”). Upon Helena’s receipt of an aggregate of $2,400,000 in (i) payments from XCF and (ii) aggregate net proceeds from the sale of Advanced Shares, XCF’s payment obligations for principal and interest under the Helena Note will have been satisfied and Helena is obligated to return any remaining Advanced Shares to Soule. If Helena shall have sold all of the Advanced Shares and not yet received at least $2,400,000 in net proceeds from the sale thereof and in other payments from XCF, XCF shall remain responsible for payment of any shortfall, which shall be payable as otherwise required under the terms of the Helena Note. As disclosed above with respect to the Helena Note, in connection with the issuance of the Helena Note, Randall Soule agreed to transfer 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock held by him to Helena.

The Company and Mr. Soule entered into a letter agreement dated as of May 30, 2025 (the “Share Issuance Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue Mr. Soule 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in consideration for Mr. Soule’s transfer of an equal number of shares to Helena.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Mr. Soule were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 2,840,000 Legacy XCF shares converted into 1,949,015 shares of XCF Class A common stock upon closing.

On July 10, 2025, XCF and Helena entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Helena Note (“Helena Amendment No. 1”). Pursuant to Helena Amendment No. 1, in exchange for a cash payment from Helena of $2,249,771, XCF and Soule waived Helena’s obligation to return certain shares of the Company’s Class A common stock pursuant to Section 11.2 of the original Helena Note . XCF and Mr. Soule agreed to amend the Share Issuance Agreement. Under the terms of the amendment, Mr. Soule has agreed to return to XCF for cancellation of certain shares that had been issued to him pursuant to the Shares Issuance Agreement.

EEME Energy

On July 29, 2025, XCF and EEME Energy entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell up to $7,500,000 in aggregate principal amount of convertible promissory notes in one or more closings. In connection with the execution of the Note Purchase Agreement, the Company also agreed to pay an arrangement fee and advisory fee to EEME Energy, which will be paid through the issuance of 750,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as it relates to the arrangement fee and 200,000 of the Company’s Class A common stock as it relates to the advisory fee. EEME Energy has elected to convert in aggregate $6,000,000 of the Convertible Promissory Note (including any interest accrued thereon) into shares of common stock of XCF.

On November 17, 2025, the Company and EEME Energy consummated a subsequent closing and issued a Note in the aggregate principal amount of $1.2 million to EEME Energy. Also on November 17, 2025, EEME Energy elected to convert the entire outstanding principal of $1,200,000 and the interest payment conversion amount of $159,600 into Company’s Common stock and assigned the shares to a third-party (Innovativ Media Group, Inc.). The conversion price was approximately $0.64 per share (5% discount to the 5-day variable weighted average price of $0.67), resulting in the issuance of 2,131,823 shares of Common stock.

On November 21, 2025, the Company issued 950,000 shares of Class A Common stock to EEME Energy as settlement for the arrangement fee and advisory fee in connection with the Note Purchase Agreement.

As of March 31, 2026, in connection with the Proposed Transaction described above and pursuant to the Term Sheet, the Company has issued 69,000,000 shares of Common Stock to EEME Energy for approximately $6,900,000.

Cohen & Company Securities Note

On July 7, 2025, Cohen & Company Securities, LLC (“CCS”) converted previously accrued $5,500,000 of success fees into a promissory note (the “CCS Note”). The CCS Note bears interest of 10% per annum compounded monthly, is unsecured, and is due December 31, 2026 (“Maturity Date”). Commencing on June 30, 2025, interest is payable in kind or cash at the election of the Company by accruing such interest in arrears on the last day of each month. Beginning on September 6, 2025, and on each month thereafter until Maturity Date, the Company shall pay $343,750 (each such payment, an “Amortization Payment”) to CCS. The Company may, in its sole discretion, elect to pay all or any portion of the Amortization Payments or any interest due and payable on the Maturity Date in Class A common stock. At the issuance date, the Company determined a fair value of $4,796,223 for the CCS Note. For the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, the Company recognized a gain of $279,334 and $0, respectively, in fair value adjustments which is recorded in change in the fair value of note payable in the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2025 the fair value of the CCS Note was $5,220,666.

Skyfall Capital and YBR Advisors

On October 22, 2025, the Company entered into two promissory notes, one with Skyfall Capital Ltd. and another with YBR Advisors Inc. Each note is in the principal amount of $560,000, for an aggregate principal amount of $1,120,000 (collectively, the “Notes”). Each note includes an original issue discount of $60,000 resulting in net proceeds of $500,000 for each note (or $1,000,000 in the aggregate). The Notes bear no interest except upon an event of default, at which point interest accrues at 12% per annum on overdue amounts. The Notes mature three months from disbursement of the loan proceeds and are now in default. Disbursement is conditioned upon the filing of a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission registering shares of the Company’s common stock issuable under the Purchase Agreement dated May 30, 2025, with Helena Global Investment Opportunities 1 Ltd. The Company is required to apply 50% of net proceeds from sales of common stock under the Purchase Agreement to repay the Notes on a pro rata basis. The Notes also contain mandatory prepayment provisions requiring immediate repayment using proceeds from any debt issuances other than permitted debt. For the year ended December 31, 2025, and 2024 the Company recognized a gain of $2,128 and $0 respectively, in fair value adjustments which is recorded in change in the fair value of note payable in the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2025 the fair value of the notes was $1,080,131.

Encore DEC, LLC Payable Settlement

On November 19, 2025, the Company, New Rise, a subsidiary of the Company, and Encore entered into a payable acknowledgement and settlement agreement (the “Encore Agreement”), pursuant to which $28,000,000 of the then outstanding accounts payable due to Encore will be settled through the issuance of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Encore provides EPC services to the Company. Encore is 100% owned by Randy Soule, the second largest shareholder of the Company, and has provided feedstock degumming hydrotreater off gas conservation system construction services and sustainable aviation fuel conversion services to New Rise Reno.

Under the Encore Agreement, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 36,779,193 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to Encore. Immediately after the conversion, Randall Soule beneficially owns approximately 53.6% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock inclusive of shares held directly, and indirectly through RESC Renewables Holdings and Encore DEC, LLC. As a result, Ms. Soule may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of such shares and may be able to exert significant influence over matters submitted to the Company’s stockholders.

GL Part SPV I, LLC

Loan Acknowledgement and Conversion Agreement

On November 19, 2025, the Company, New Rise Reno and GL entered into a loan acknowledgement and conversion agreement (the “GL Loan Agreement”) whereby GL has the right to convert $2,350,000 of the then outstanding loan payable to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. GL is an existing shareholder of the Company and previously provided debt and loan financing to the Company and its subsidiaries. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Loan Agreement, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 3,086,825 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

GL Amendment No. 1 to Form of Promissory Note

On November 19, 2025, the Company, XCF Global Capital, Inc. and GL entered into an amendment to the form of promissory note dated April 17, 2025 (the “GL Amendment No. 1”) whereby GL has the right to convert $2,500,000 of the then outstanding principal amount and $300,000 of interest due to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Amendment No. 1, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 3,677,919 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

GL Amendment No. 2 to Form of Promissory Note

On November 19, 2025, the Company, XCF Global Capital, Inc. and GL entered into an amendment to the form of promissory note dated February 13, 2025 (the “GL Amendment No. 2”) whereby GL has the right to convert $1,200,000 of the then outstanding principal amount and $240,000 of interest due to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Amendment No. 2, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 1,891,501 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

Immediately after the conversions pursuant to the GL Loan Agreement, the GL Amendment No. 1 and the GL Amendment No. 2, GL Part SPV I, LLC will be deemed to beneficially own through itself, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I, LLC, approximately 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock.

GL Part SPV I, LLC, is an entity affiliated with Majique Ladnier. Ms. Ladnier is the sole member of GL Part SPV I, LLC and is also the sole member of two existing Company shareholders, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I, LLC. On a pro forma basis, after giving effect to the total shares that will be issuable at the time of conversion and the Proposed Transaction, GL Part SPV I, LLC, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy collectively hold 109,941,520 shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock, representing approximately 37.3% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock as of the date of this filing. As a result, Ms. Ladnier may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of such shares and may be able to exert significant influence over matters submitted to the Company’s stockholders.

Contractual Obligations

The Company has a long-term financial liability of $132,806,188 related to a real estate lease arrangement. There are no other long-term debt obligations, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations, purchase obligations, or long-term liabilities.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not entered into any material off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantee contracts, contingent interests in assets transferred to unconsolidated entities, derivative financial obligations, or with respect to any obligations under a variable interest equity arrangement.

Related Party Transactions

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Related parties may be individuals or corporate entities.

EEME Energy; Proposed Transaction

On January 26, 2026, XCF, entered into the term sheet with Southern, DEVS, and EEME, which sets forth the principal terms and conditions of the Proposed Transaction. Pursuant to the Term Sheet, and subject to the finalization of mutually agreeable merger structure and definitive transaction documents and ultimately the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, it is expected that Southern and DEVS will each merge with wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF, with Southern and DEVS surviving, and their respective stockholders receiving shares of Common Stock of XCF, resulting in Southern and DEVS becoming wholly-owned subsidiaries of XCF.

In connection with and to support the Proposed Transaction and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Term Sheet, XCF agreed to invest $10,000,000 to convert and build out its New Rise Reno facility for the Plant Conversion, to be funded through the sale by XCF to EEME of $10 million of Common Stock; provided that in no event shall XCF issue to EEME, nor shall EEME (i) acquire more than 41,639,170 shares of XCF’s common stock pursuant to this Term Sheet or (ii) acquire or to otherwise become, directly or indirectly, a “beneficial owner” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of 19.99% of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date hereof until such time as XCF has obtained stockholder approval for such issuance (the “Share Cap”), which XCF obtained on March 6, 2026. Subsequent to the execution of the Term Sheet, EEME has purchased 69,000,000 shares of Common Stock for $6,900,000. The issuance and sale to EEME of the remaining 50,500,000 shares of Common Stock is expected to be consummated periodically. EEME is expected to have customary demand and piggy-back registration rights and will not be subject to any lock-up or other transfer restrictions (other than as imposed by applicable securities laws or underwriters.) EEME’s obligation to acquire such shares is independent of the remainder of the proposed Transaction contemplated by the Term Sheet.

As of March 30, 2026, in connection with the Proposed Transaction described above, the Company has issued 69,000,000 shares of Common Stock to EEME Energy for approximately $6,900,000.

EEME Energy is an entity affiliated with Majique Ladnier. Ms. Ladnier is the sole member of EEME Energy SPV I, LLC and is also the sole member of two of our existing stockholders, GL Part SPV I, LLC and GL Part SPV II, LLC (together, the “GL Entities”). Immediately after the conversions pursuant to the GL Loan Agreement, the GL Amendment No. 1 and the GL Amendment No. 2, GL Part SPV I, LLC, will be deemed to beneficially own through itself, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I, LLC, approximately 37.3% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock or approximately 109,941,520 shares as of the date of this filing.

A definitive agreement on the Proposed Transaction has not been reached as of the time of the filing of this Form 10-K and there can be no assurances in this regard, as discussed above under “Risk Factors”.

Randy Soule; RESC Renewables Holdings LLC; Encore DEC, LLC

New Rise Acquisitions

On December 8, 2023, Legacy XCF entered into the New Rise Renewables MIPA with RESC Renewables to acquire all of the issued and outstanding membership interests of New Rise Renewables for an aggregate purchase price of $1,100,000,000 less acquired liabilities, comprised of incurred indebtedness, of $112,580,000. Consideration for the purchase was paid at closing of the Acquisitions by delivery of a convertible promissory note (the “New Rise Convertible Note”) in principal amount of $100,000,000 and issuance of 88,750,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. The New Rise Convertible Note was non-interest bearing and had a maturity date of twelve months after the date the note was issued in connection with the closing of the Acquisition. Once issued, the New Rise Convertible Note can be converted into shares of Legacy XCF common stock based on the outstanding principal, divided by the conversion price. The New Rise Renewables MIPA provides that the conversion price will be equal to the average price of the shares of common stock for the 10 days prior to and 10 days subsequent to the notice of conversion. However, in connection with the execution of a Company Support Agreement by RESC and Randy Soule subsequent to December 31, 2023, it was agreed that the conversion price would be set at $10 per share when the New Rise Convertible Note is issued.

On December 8, 2023, Legacy XCF also entered into the New Rise SAF Renewables MIPA with Randy Soule and GL Part SPV I, LLC to acquire all the issued and outstanding membership interests of New Rise SAF Renewables for an aggregate purchase price of $200,000,000.

On January 31, 2025, Legacy XCF issued a promissory note with a principal amount of $500,000 to Innovativ Media Group, Inc. as part of a financing arrangement. Proceeds from the note were provided to New Rise Renewables as a note payable to Legacy XCF and will be included as indebtedness of New Rise Renewables, which resulted in a reduction of the number of XCF shares issuable upon the closing of the New Rise Renewables acquisition.

During Q4 2024, Legacy XCF issued three convertible notes to GL Part SPV I, LLC in the amounts of $1,000,000, $1,090,000, and $250,000. Proceeds from the convertible notes were utilized to purchase preferred membership units of New Rise SAF Renewables in the amounts of 100,000 preferred membership units, 109,000 preferred membership units, and 25,000 preferred membership units, respectively. On January 14, 2025, Legacy XCF issued one convertible note to GL Part SPV I, LLC for $200,000. Proceeds from the convertible note were utilized to purchase preferred membership units of New Rise SAF Renewables in the amount of 20,000 preferred membership units. The preferred membership units had preferential treatment upon a liquidation event before any amounts are paid to the common membership units and receive five times the amount contributed as capital. As a result, the total contributed capital of $2,540,000 was netted against the purchase price of New Rise SAF by $12,700,000 upon closing. The transaction closed on January 23, 2025. At closing, Randy Soule was issued 15,036,170 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for his membership units, and GL was issued 3,693,830 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for its membership units and after consideration of its five times liquidation preference.

At the closing of the Business Combination, the 15,036,170 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to Randy Soule and the 3,693,830 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627.

On February 19, 2025, Legacy XCF completed the acquisition of New Rise Renewables subject to additional post-closing conditions. On February 19, 2025, the aggregate purchase price of $1.1 billion was reduced by $118,700,000, which represented principal and interest on New Rise Renewable’s outstanding debt obligations to a financial institution and two notes payable to Legacy XCF. As a result, RESC was issued 88,126,200 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in exchange for its membership units. In connection with a consulting agreement between RESC and GL, GL was entitled to receive 4,406,310 shares of the Legacy XCF common stock issued to RESC. In addition, pursuant to the New Rise Renewables MIPA, Legacy XCF issued a convertible promissory note to RESC in principal amount of $100,000,000, of which $51,746,680 in principal amount was subsequently assigned from RESC to Encore DEC, LLC, an entity 100% owned by Randy Soule, which was subsequently cancelled on May 30, 2025. The entire principal amount of the promissory note was held by RESC prior to Business Combination.

On May 30, 2025, the aggregate purchase price was updated to reflect actual New Rise liabilities of $126,700,000 compared to $118,700,000 in connection with the initial closing on February 19, 2025. As a result, the total shares issued in connection with the acquisition were adjusted to be 87,331,951 of Legacy XCF common stock, of which RESC received 82,965,533 and GL received 4,366,598 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

At the closing of the Business Combination the 82,965,533 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to RESC and the 4,366,598 shares of Legacy XCF common stock issued to GL were automatically converted into shares of XCF common stock at an exchange ratio of approximately 0.68627. The 82,965,533 Legacy XCF shares converted into 56,936,990 shares of XCF common stock and the 4,366,598 shares converted into 2,996,678 shares of XCF common stock upon closing.

Encore DEC, LLC Payable Settlement

On November 19, 2025, the Company, New Rise Reno, a subsidiary of the Company, and Encore entered into the Encore Agreement, pursuant to which $28,000,000 of the then outstanding accounts payable due to Encore will be settled through the issuance of shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Encore provides EPC services to the Company. Encore is 100% owned by Randy Soule, the majority shareholder of the Company, and has provided feedstock degumming hydrotreater off gas conservation system construction services and sustainable aviation fuel conversion services to New Rise Reno.

Under the Encore Agreement, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 36,779,193 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to Encore. Immediately after the conversion, Randall Soule will beneficially own approximately 53.6% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock inclusive of shares held directly, and indirectly through RESC Renewables Holdings and Encore DEC, LLC.

Encore DEC, LLC Company Support Agreement

On November 24, 2025, the Company and Encore entered into a Company Support Agreement (the “Encore Company Support Agreement”), pursuant to which, Encore agreed not to transfer, sell, hedge, pledge, or otherwise dispose of 35% of Encore’s 36,779,193 beneficially owned shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company (12,872,718 shares) until the earlier to occur of (a) the date the Company waives the Encore Company Support Agreement and (b) six months from the date in which the registration statement registering the resale of Encore’s shares became effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. That registration statement became effective on December 2, 2025.

Helena Note and Share Issuance

On May 30, 2025, NewCo, Legacy XCF and Randy Soule, in his individual capacity as a shareholder of Legacy XCF (“Soule”), entered into the Helena Note with Helena for gross principal amount of $2,000,000. In connection with the issuance of the Helena Note, Randy Soule agreed to transfer 2,840,000 shares of his Legacy XCF common stock held by him to Helena, representing the expected number of shares of Legacy XCF common stock that equaled to 2,000,000 shares of our common stock at the closing of the Business Combination (the “Advanced Shares”). Pursuant thereto, upon Helena’s receipt of an aggregate of $2,400,000 in (i) payments from us and (ii) aggregate net proceeds from the sale of Advanced Shares, our payment obligations for principal and interest under the Helena Note will have been satisfied and Helena would have been obligated to return any remaining Advanced Shares to Randall Soule. At the same time, Legacy XCF and Mr. Soule entered into a letter agreement (the “Soule Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue Mr. Soule 2,840,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock in consideration for Mr. Soule’s transfer of an equal number of shares to Helena. However, on July 10, 2025, XCF, Mr. Soule and Helena entered into Helena Amendment No. 1. Pursuant to Helena Amendment No. 1, in exchange for a cash payment from Helena to XCF of $2,249,771.14, XCF and Mr. Soule waived Helena’s obligation to return certain shares pursuant to the terms of the original Helena Note. Also on July 10, 2025, XCF and Mr. Soule agreed to amend the original Soule Agreement, with Mr. Soule agreeing agreed to return to XCF for cancellation certain shares of our common stock issued to him pursuant to the original Soule Agreement.

GL Part SPV I, LLC

Convertible Promissory Notes

During 2023, GL, a Legacy XCF stockholder and current holder of shares of our common stock, agreed to loan $202,383 to Legacy XCF for operating capital. From January 1, 2024 to February 14, 2024, GL loaned an additional $1,008,000 to Legacy XCF. The loans made pursuant to the applicable loan agreements were interest bearing at 10% per annum, unsecured, and convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price equal to $1.00 per share. On February 14, 2024, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a note purchase agreement pursuant to which $1,210,383 of the aggregate principal amount under the prior loans were consolidated into one convertible promissory note issued by Legacy XCF in an equivalent principal amount, interest rate and conversion terms. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the $1,210,383 of principal and $9,487 in accrued interest into 1,219,870 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. On February 26, 2024, Legacy XCF and GL entered into a note purchase agreement pursuant to which GL agreed to purchase, and Legacy XCF agreed to sell and issue to GL, a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $600,000. The convertible note provided for an interest rate of 10% per annum, unsecured, with the principal amount plus any accrued interest convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price equal to $1.00 per share. GL subsequently exercised its right to convert the $600,000 of principal and $164 in accrued interest into 600,164 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. GL initially became an Legacy XCF stockholder through its purchase of 20,450,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $20,450 pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated September 14, 2023.

Pursuant to the transactions described above, GL owned an aggregate of 22,270,034 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

During Q4 2024, Legacy XCF and GL entered into four convertible promissory notes for principal amounts of $2 million, $1.0 million, $1.09 million and $0.3 million. The convertible promissory notes bore interest at 10% per annum on the outstanding principal, were unsecured, and were convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. During Q4 2024, the convertible promissory notes were converted into 5,000,000 shares, 2,500,000 shares, 2,725,000 shares and 625,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock, respectively, for the above principal amounts.

On January 14, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into two convertible promissory notes for principal amounts of $0.2 million and $0.14 million. The convertible promissory notes bore interest at 10% per annum on the outstanding principal, were unsecured, and were convertible into shares of Legacy XCF common stock at a conversion price of $0.40 per share. On January 14, 2025, the convertible promissory notes were converted into 500,000 shares and 345,833 shares, respectively, for the above principal amounts.

After conversion of the promissory notes described above, GL owned an aggregate of 33,965,867 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

On February 13, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into the February 2025 Promissory Note for the gross principal amount of $1.2 million with net proceeds from the note equal to $1.0 million. The February 2025 Promissory Note bears interest of $0.2 million, is unsecured, and, under its initial terms, payment of the February 2025 Promissory Note was due at the earlier of (i) 30 days from the date of receipt of any customer payment paid to Legacy XCF, unless extended in writing by mutual consent of Legacy XCF and GL or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the February 2025 Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by GL. In connection with the issuance of the February 2025 Promissory Note, Legacy XCF issued 200,000 shares of its common stock to GL.

On April 17, 2025, Legacy XCF and GL entered into the Amended February 2025 Promissory Note whereby the payment terms of the note were amended to the earliest of (i) 10 business days from the date of XCF entering into a Qualified Financing Event and receiving proceeds therefrom, unless extended in writing by mutual consent of Legacy XCF and GL, or (ii) an event of default (as specified in the Amended February 2025 Promissory Note), if such note is then declared due and payable in writing by GL. A “Qualified Financing Event” under the Amended February 2025 Promissory Note means the closing of any transaction or series of related transactions, including without limitation any equity or debt financing, that results in gross proceeds to the company of at least $15 million, and that directly or indirectly results in the company’s refinancing, repayment, or restructuring of any portion of its secured debt obligations, including through a refinancing, recapitalization, debt-for-equity exchange, secured loan facility, or other similar financing arrangement; provided, however, that any such event shall not be deemed a Qualified Financing Event unless, following the closing of such transaction(s), Legacy XCF maintains a minimum cash balance of at least $3 million in its primary operating bank account, and each of the foregoing conditions is fully satisfied without waiver or modification, except as may be expressly agreed to in writing by GL and Legacy XCF.

All of the Legacy XCF shares received by GL in these transactions were exchanged for shares of our common stock upon closing of the Business Combination on the same terms as other holders of Legacy XCF common stock.

Loan Acknowledgement and Conversion Agreement

On November 19, 2025, the Company, New Rise Reno and GL entered into the GL Loan Agreement whereby GL has the right to convert $2,350,000 of the then outstanding loan payable to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. GL is an existing shareholder of the Company and previously provided debt and loan financing to the Company and its subsidiaries. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Loan Agreement, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 3,086,825 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

GL Amendment No. 1 to Form of Promissory Note

On November 19, 2025, the Company, XCF Global Capital, Inc. and the GL Amendment No. 1 whereby GL has the right to convert $2,500,000 of the then outstanding principal amount and $300,000 of interest due to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Amendment No. 1, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 3,677,919 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

GL Amendment No. 2 to Form of Promissory Note

On November 19, 2025, the Company, XCF Global Capital, Inc. and GL entered into an amendment to the form of promissory note dated February 13, 2025 (the “GL Amendment No. 2”) whereby GL has the right to convert $1,200,000 of the then outstanding principal amount and $240,000 of interest due to GL into shares of the Company’s Class A Common Stock. Subsequent to the parties’ execution and delivery of the GL Loan Agreement, GL provided notice to the Company of its intention to exercise its conversion right.

Under the GL Amendment No. 2, the conversion price is equal to the higher of: (a) the closing price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the agreement date, and (b) the average closing price over the five (5) trading days immediately preceding the agreement date. The conversion price was determined to be $0.7613 per share and 1,891,501 shares of Class A Common Stock have been issued to GL.

Certain Litigation Involving GL’s Sole Member and a GL Related Party

Majique Ladnier is the sole member of GL Part SPV I, LLC, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I LLC and has sole voting and investment authority over the shares of our common stock owned by those entities. Ms. Ladnier is a defendant in a pending case in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (FTE Networks, Inc. v. Suneet Singal; TTP8, LLC; First Capital Master Advisor, LLC; Majique Ladnier; Danish Mir; Khawaja Zargham Bin Aamer; Thomas Coleman; Innovativ Media Group, Inc.; Joseph F. Cunningham; Peter K. Ghishan; Stephen M. Goodwin; and Bruce M. Fahey). To our knowledge, no trial date has been set, and the defendants are awaiting the court’s ruling on their motion to dismiss this action. FTE Networks, Inc. (“FTE”) alleges that the defendants engaged in conduct detrimental to FTE and its shareholders, including fraud, racketeering conspiracy (RICO) and fraudulent inducement in the issuance of FTE shares to certain of the defendants. We have been informed by Ms. Ladnier that she believes the allegations against her are unfounded and is vigorously defending herself in this matter.

Ms. Ladnier’s spouse, Suneet Singal, serves as a consultant to the GL entities and was a consultant to New Rise (on behalf of the GL entities). Mr. Singal was a defendant in a case captioned Securities and Exchange Commission v. Suneet Singal, First Capital Real Estate Investments, LLC, First Capital Real Estate Advisors LP, and First Capital Real Estate Trust Inc. The SEC’s complaint in this case, filed on December 13, 2019, alleged that Singal and his entities engaged in two separate frauds relating to two public companies, First Capital Real Estate Trust Inc. and First Capital Investment Corporation. In final judgments entered on July 23, 2021, without admitting or denying the allegations in the complaint, Mr. Singal and the other defendants consented to be enjoined from violating the anti-fraud provisions of Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In addition, the judgments further enjoin Singal from violating the anti-fraud provisions of Sections 206(1) and 206(2) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as well as Sections 36(a), 57(a) and Rule 17d-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Mr. Singal and the other defendants agreed to pay a total of $3.2 million in disgorgement and $676,400 in prejudgment interest, and Mr. Singal individually also agreed to pay a civil monetary penalty of $3.2 million. Mr. Singal also consented to a bar for a period of 10 years from acting as an officer or director of a public company.

Mr. Singal is also a defendant in a pending case in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (FTE Networks, Inc. v. Suneet Singal; TTP8, LLC; First Capital Master Advisor, LLC; Majique Ladnier; Danish Mir; Khawaja Zargham Bin Aamer; Thomas Coleman; Innovativ Media Group, Inc.; Joseph F. Cunningham; Peter K. Ghishan; Stephen M. Goodwin; and Bruce M. Fahey). To our knowledge, no trial date has been set, and the defendants are awaiting the court’s ruling on their motion to dismiss this action. FTE alleges that the defendants engaged in conduct detrimental to FTE and its shareholders, including fraud, racketeering conspiracy (RICO) and fraudulent inducement in the issuance of FTE shares to certain of the defendants. We have been informed by Mr. Singal that he believes the allegations against him are unfounded and is vigorously defending himself in this matter.

Mr. Singal is also a defendant in a case in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of California. The complaint in the case alleged that Mr. Singal engaged in a scheme to make false representations in 2017 in order to induce financing companies to provide funds to certain companies in the form of merchant cash advances, which alleged false representations involved Mr. Singal purportedly claiming that he was the owner of a company that operated a chain of fast-food franchises when he did not, in fact, own that company. A jury trial with respect to this case was held in June 2025 and the jury returned a verdict of guilty on wire fraud and mail fraud counts. We understand that Mr. Singal has filed post-trial motions to set aside the verdict or seek a new trial.

New Rise Acquisitions - Additional Share Acquisitions

GL also acquired additional shares of Legacy XCF common stock in connection with the closing of the New Rise Acquisitions. Upon the closing of the transactions contemplated by the New Rise Renewables MIPA, pursuant to an agreement between RESC and GL, GL received 4,435,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock. Upon the closing of the transactions contemplated by the New Rise SAF Renewables MIPA, pursuant to the terms of the New Rise SAF Renewables MIPA, GL received 3,693,830 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

Fort Myers and Wilson Transactions - Additional Share Acquisitions

GL also had an indirect ownership interest in additional shares of Legacy XCF common stock through its ownership interest in Southeast Renewables, LLC (“Southeast Renewables”), which were issued shares of Legacy XCF common stock in connection with XCF’s acquisitions of certain assets from Southeast Renewables and Good Steward Biofuels FL, LLC (“Good Steward”).

On October 31, 2023, XCF entered into an asset purchase agreement with Southeast Renewables to acquire certain assets related to its Wilson, NC biodiesel plant for an aggregate purchase price of $100 million. Legacy XCF issued Southeast Renewables 7,700,000 shares of XCF at an agreed conversion price of $10 per share ($77 million) and issued a convertible promissory note in principal amount of $23 million, with a maturity date of October 31, 2024. The Southeast Renewables Convertible Note accrues interest at the per annum rate of 8%. The Southeast Renewables Convertible Note can be converted into shares of Legacy XCF common stock based on the outstanding principal and interest, divided by the conversion price. The conversion price prior to a change of control is $10, and subsequent to a change of control is equal to the volume weighted average price of the shares of common stock for the 20 days prior to the notice of conversion.

In addition, on October 31, 2023, Legacy XCF entered into an asset purchase agreement with Good Steward to acquire certain assets related to its Fort Myers, FL biodiesel plant. Legacy XCF issued Southeast Renewables, the parent company of Good Steward, 9,800,000 shares of Legacy XCF common stock as partial consideration for the purchase, and also assumed certain liabilities, including a $356,426 loan made by GL to Southeast Renewables.

On December 29, 2023, Southeast Renewables exercised its right to convert the Southeast Renewables Convertible Note principal balance of $23 million plus accrued interest of $297,425 into 2,329,743 shares of Legacy XCF common stock.

GL was a shareholder of Legacy XCF and held membership interests in Southeast Renewables. It is our understanding that Southeast Renewables distributed some or all of the shares of Legacy XCF common stock received in these transactions, and when that distribution was completed, GL is believed to have received 6,373,796 shares of Legacy XCF common stock from such distribution.

All of the Legacy XCF shares received by GL in these transactions were exchanged for shares of our common stock upon closing of the Business Combination on the same terms as other holders of Legacy XCF common stock.

EEME Energy SPV I LLC Convertible Note Purchase Agreement

On June 29, 2025, XCF and EEME Energy entered into a Convertible Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell up to $7.5 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible promissory notes in one or more closings. In connection with the execution of the Note Purchase Agreement, we also agreed to pay an arrangement fee and advisory fee to EEME Energy, which will be paid through the issuance of 750,000 shares of our common stock as it relates to an arrangement fee and 200,000 of our common stock as it relates to an advisory fee.

In connection with our issuance of the notes to EEME Energy, we will pay to EEME Energy upfront interest equal to 13.3% of the principal amount of the applicable notes. In lieu of our having any obligation to make cash interest payments under such notes, we and EEME Energy agreed to settle the interest payment through a share conversion pursuant to which we are obligated to issue shares of our common stock (the “Interest Payment Conversion Shares”) calculated by dividing (x) the amount of interest that would otherwise be due and payable on the applicable notes at such notes’ maturity date (calculated as 13.3% of the principal amount of the applicable note) by (y) the applicable conversion price.

EEME Energy is an entity affiliated with Majique Ladnier. Ms. Ladnier is the sole member of EEME Energy SPV I, LLC and is also the sole member of the GL Entities. Immediately after the conversions pursuant to the GL Loan Agreement, the GL Amendment No. 1 and the GL Amendment No. 2, GL Part SPV I, LLC will be deemed to beneficially own through itself, GL Part SPV II, LLC and EEME Energy SPV I, LLC, approximately 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding Class A Common Stock excluding any stock issued through the Proposed Transaction mentioned above.

Consulting Agreement with Focus Impact Partners

On February 19, 2025, Legacy XCF and Focus Impact Partners, LLC (“Focus Impact Partners”) entered into a strategic consulting agreement (the “Consulting Agreement”), pursuant to which Focus Impact Partners will provide Legacy XCF (and, XCF following completion of the Business Combination) with certain consulting services. Under the terms of the Consulting Agreement, Focus Impact Partners will receive an annual consulting fee of $1,500,000, which will be payable in monthly installments of $125,000 starting with an initial payment on or prior to March 31, 2025 (pro-rated from February 19, 2025 through and including March 31, 2025). In addition to the annual fee, the Consulting Agreement also provides that Focus Impact Partners is entitled to an additional consulting fee in connection with any acquisition, merger, consolidation, business combination, sale, divestiture, financing, refinancing, restructuring or other similar transaction for which Focus Impact Partners provides consulting services, the amount and terms of which will be subject to mutual agreement between the company and Focus Impact Partners consistent with the market practice for such consulting services.

The Consulting Agreement has a term of three years unless terminated early with at least 90 days advance notice and will be automatically extended for successive one year periods at the end of each year unless either party provide a written notice to the other party of its desire not to automatically extend at least 120 days prior to the end of each year during the term of the Consulting Agreement. If the Consulting Agreement is terminated by us without “cause,” Focus Impact Partners is entitled to be paid any and all fees that would be due and payable through the expiration of the then-current term of the Consulting Agreement as if it had not been so terminated.

Carl Stanton, and Wray Thorn, co-founders of Focus Impact Partners, are founders of Focus Impact, the Sponsor in connection with the Business Combination and served as directors of Focus Impact. Mr. Thorn currently serves as a member of our board of directors and Mr. Stanton is a board observer.

Focus Impact BHAC Sponsor, LLC Company Support Agreement

On November 24, 2025, the Company and Focus Impact BHAC Sponsor, LLC (“Focus Impact”) entered into a Company Support Agreement (the “Focus Impact Company Support Agreement”), pursuant to which, Focus Impact agreed not to transfer, sell, hedge, pledge, or otherwise dispose of 100% of its 3,306,944 beneficially owned shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company until the earlier to occur of (a) the date the Company waives the Focus Impact Company Support Agreement and (b) June 2, 2026 (six months from the date on which the Registration Statement registering the resale of Focus Impact’s shares becomes effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.)

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this Item pursuant to Regulation S-K.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.

The Financial Statements are incorporated herein by reference to pages F-1 to F-32 at the end of this report and the supplementary data is not applicable.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

Not Applicable.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management’s evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act was performed under the supervision and participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The purpose of disclosure controls and procedures is to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that there were no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and internal controls will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management or board override of the control.

The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Based on an evaluation as of December 31, 2025, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were not effective to provide reasonable assurance because of a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as described below.

Material Weakness

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected in a timely manner.

For Legacy XCF, the following material weaknesses were present at December 31, 2024 and have not been remediated as of December 31, 2025: (a) lack of controls for the review and approval of journal entries and (b) lack of formal risk assessment process to reduce the risk of material misstatement and (c) controls not designed to ensure the financial reporting process operates effectively, including accounting for the Business Combination and (d) inappropriate design and operation of IT general controls and (e) there were errors in the calculation, presentation, and disclosure of deferred taxes. Our remediation plans regarding material weaknesses are addressed below.

The Company is in the process of integrating New Rise into its overall internal control framework. For New Rise, the following material weaknesses were present at December 31, 2024 and have not been remediated as of December 31, 2025; (a) lack of segregation of duties within the accounting function and and (b) inappropriate design and operation of IT general controls. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has remediated the previously reported material weakness for lack of a functioning audit committee as an Audit Committee was established subsequent to the Business Combination. The Company has also put in place a related party transaction policy and will require officers, directors and significant shareholders to certify related party relationships annually.The above material weakness did not result in a material misstatement of our consolidated financial statements, however, it could result in a misstatement of our account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement that would not be prevented or detected.

Remediation Activities

Management, with the oversight of the Audit Committee, is currently taking actions to remediate the material weaknesses and is implementing additional processes and controls to address the underlying causes associated with the material weaknesses described above. These efforts include:

As we progress through these remediation efforts, management is actively involved in ongoing assessments and reviews, with oversight from the audit committee of our Board of Directors. Whenever additional enhancements are needed to further improve the control environment and address material weaknesses, we perform assessments to determine their overall impact. We believe that these actions, collectively, will remediate the material weaknesses identified. However, we will not be able to conclude that we have completely remediated the material weaknesses until the applicable controls are fully implemented and operated for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through formal testing, that the remediated controls are operating effectively. We will continue to monitor the design and effectiveness of these and other processes, procedures, and controls and will make any further changes management deems appropriate.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.

Not Applicable

PART III